<p><strong>Problemformulering: </strong>Denna uppsats avser att besvara/beröra följande frågor:</p><p>- Hur tolkar företag begreppet CSR, hur arbetar de med det samt om det finns några skillnader/likheter mellan företagen?</p><p>- Hur kommunicerar företagen sitt CSR arbete via olika dokument, finns det några skillnader/likheter mellan företagen?</p><p><strong>Syfte:</strong> Uppsatsen syftar till att beskriva, förklara och jämföra hur utvalda svenska företag inom konfektionsbranschen kommunicerar kring begreppet CSR mot sin marknad via olika dokument, hur företagen tolkar begreppet CSR samt hur de arbetar med det.</p><p><strong>Metod: </strong>En fallstudie har genomförts på tre företag inom konfektionsbranschen på den svenska marknaden. Textanalys har genomförts på utvalda dokument såsom respektive företags hemsida, årsredovisningar från 2002 och framåt samt tillgängliga hållbarhetsredovisningar för att se hur företagen kommunicerar kring CSR. Även kvalitativa intervjuer med respektive företag har genomförts för att komplettera textanalysen och för att få ytterligare en synvinkel utöver kommunikation på hur företagen arbetar med CSR.</p><p><strong>Teori:</strong> De teorier som använts är Carrolls CSR – pyramid samt företags olika ståndpunkter till CSR. Carrolls CSR pyramid tar hänsyn till olika ansvar som måste uppfyllas i CSR arbetet medan den andra teorin tar upp företags olika ståndpunkter till CSR samt hur ståndpunkten kan påverka i vilken utsträckning samt grad man arbetar med CSR.</p><p><strong>Slutsats:</strong> När det gäller CSR arbetet finns det mer likheter än skillnader mellan företagen. Kommunikationen skiljer sig i omfattning mellan företagen.</p>

<p><strong>“CSR and political consumption – a study of Nike’s and Puma’s CSR-reports”</strong></p><p>The purpose of this dissertation is to examine if political consumption has influenced multinational corporations to improve their Corporate Social Responsibility reports and policies more, than a company who has not been a target for political consumption.</p><p>This dissertation is a content analysis of Nike’s and Puma’s first (Nike 2001, Puma 2001) and latest (Nike 2007/09, Puma 2007/08) CSR- reports. Archie Carroll’s model of Corporate Social Responsibility is used as theoretical framework in this study. The model is used to focus on four areas within CSR; economic, legal, ethical and philanthropic. There has been delimitation in these four areas. Considering the economic area the study focuses on minimum wage, the legal area is focusing on minimum age, the ethical area is focusing on dialogue with stakeholders and control of suppliers and the philanthropic area is focusing on non-profit organization, projects and programs.</p><p>The results indicate that political consumption in the case of Nike, has no impact on the company to improve their CSR-report but they have improved their policy against CSR. In comparison to Nike, Puma has changed more from the first report until the latest. This could be because it is more generally popular to work with CSR today. Compared to Puma, Nike has changed more considering their policy against CSR. </p><p><em>Keywords: Archie Carroll’s Pyramid of Corporate Social Responsibility, Change, Corporate Social Responsibility Report, Multinational Corporations, Nike, Policy, Political consumption, Puma</em></p>

There are 4 billion poor living on 2 dollars or less per day that make up the bottom of the economic pyramid (BOP). If a company calculates their aggregated purchasing power they could be a huge and profitable market. By studying the roles of the different actors and their pre-conditions in BOP-markets the purpose with this thesis is to find out how the private sector can pursue a sustainable market development strategy at the bottom of the economic pyramid and if it really will help to reduce poverty.

Business management Paradigm is Changing. We used to have big, best, and fast and now it seems that we are having one more paradigm of “Open”. Chesbrough (2003) argued for cooperating between competitors or allies in his article “The era of open innovation”. (ChesbroughH.W, 2003) This research is about open innovation with customer participation. Many organizations built platform to motivate customers to participate the product development process. Hence, we selected three different types of platforms which are full-open, semi-open and closed platform for case study. To compare different perspective from organizations and customers, we will use both of case study of the organizations who opened competencies to the customers and survey of the customers who are creating derivative products. From that case-study and survey result, we aim to figure out what to open and what to close for the organizations that are implementing open innovation strategy. We will suggest a competency pyramid model that helps organizations to divide their competencies into two different sectors: open competency and closed competency. And finally, we will find out what factors are important to make a platform successful.

ABSTRACT The purpose of this thesis is to analyze, describe, and explain how Swedish firms implement CSR in their Chinese supply chains. In order to reach the intention of the thesis a case study of four Swedish firms operating in China has been conducted which involved personal interviews in the field. The theoretical framework contains a description of the stakeholder theory, the legitimacy theory, the CSR pyramid, the ARA-analysis, and theory on business relations which all are relevant to the phenomenon studied and the research questions. The empirical findings include the case firms view on stakeholder pressure, their CSR related activities in their supply chains, and how supplier relations are managed. In the analysis the theoretical framework is connected to the empirical findings. The analysis consist of how the case firms deal with stakeholder pressure, to what extent they take social responsibility in their Chinese supply chains, and how their supplier relations are managed concerning CSR. Our analysis shows that the firms perceive their customers to be the main pressure to engage in CSR. However, the analysis further demonstrates that the case firms find it difficult to comply with the responsibilities demanded by their customers in the Chinese context. Moreover, the analysis will touch upon how supplier relations are managed when implementing CSR. The conclusion of the thesis shows that Swedish companies implement CSR in their Chinese supply chains by adding Chinese characteristics, meaning adapting the expected responsibilities to the Chinese context. The thesis will end with recommendations for further research in the field of CSR in firms’ supply chains in emerging economies.

Problemformulering: Denna uppsats avser att besvara/beröra följande frågor: - Hur tolkar företag begreppet CSR, hur arbetar de med det samt om det finns några skillnader/likheter mellan företagen? - Hur kommunicerar företagen sitt CSR arbete via olika dokument, finns det några skillnader/likheter mellan företagen? Syfte: Uppsatsen syftar till att beskriva, förklara och jämföra hur utvalda svenska företag inom konfektionsbranschen kommunicerar kring begreppet CSR mot sin marknad via olika dokument, hur företagen tolkar begreppet CSR samt hur de arbetar med det. Metod: En fallstudie har genomförts på tre företag inom konfektionsbranschen på den svenska marknaden. Textanalys har genomförts på utvalda dokument såsom respektive företags hemsida, årsredovisningar från 2002 och framåt samt tillgängliga hållbarhetsredovisningar för att se hur företagen kommunicerar kring CSR. Även kvalitativa intervjuer med respektive företag har genomförts för att komplettera textanalysen och för att få ytterligare en synvinkel utöver kommunikation på hur företagen arbetar med CSR. Teori: De teorier som använts är Carrolls CSR – pyramid samt företags olika ståndpunkter till CSR. Carrolls CSR pyramid tar hänsyn till olika ansvar som måste uppfyllas i CSR arbetet medan den andra teorin tar upp företags olika ståndpunkter till CSR samt hur ståndpunkten kan påverka i vilken utsträckning samt grad man arbetar med CSR. Slutsats: När det gäller CSR arbetet finns det mer likheter än skillnader mellan företagen. Kommunikationen skiljer sig i omfattning mellan företagen.

Brightness enhancement film (BEF) has been manufactured in foreign factories for backlight module of liquid crystal display (LCD), then it only have some interior factories to put in exploitation. Because of this, the study presents a precision machining and new step-imprint hot embossing process to fabricate pyramid-shaped microlens array. First, a tungsten (W) steel material is manufactured by precision machining. The dimension of a pyramid-shaped microlens on the W steel are about 300 £gm in the base line of three side, 222 £gm in bevel edge of three side, 139 £gm in height of bottom to top, 180 £gm in pitch of the left and right sides between two pyramid-shaped microlens tips, and 85 degree in top angle of three bevel. The W steel mold is used as the first mold. Second, the pyramid peaks of first mold pattern are transferred on bulk metallic glass (BMG) using step-imprint hot embossing method with position adjustable mechanism to form a smaller concave pyramid-shaped microlens array, it can avoid arc radius of cutting tools which is used as the second mold. Another the pyramid peaks are transferred on PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) for concave pyramid-shaped microlens array of optical film in the hot embossing system. Finally, the second mold is fabricated to emboss convex pyramid-shaped microlens array of optical film on PMMA. The foregoing method is provided for backlight module of optical films process.

In this paper, we searched the parameter of BEF (Brightness enhancement film) using commercial FRED server for backlight module. The pattern analysis was carried out to understand its characteristic. The current structures used in LCD backlight are double-layer BEF. In addition, BEF of 3M takes the lion¡¦s share. But this may increase the thickness and cost of backlight module. In order to avoid those disadvantages, we tried to design single-layer BEF and characterize the effect through parameters study by using FRED software simulation. pyramid-shaped microlens array of BEF was constructed. Therefore, the effect of the variation of the structure parameters can be analyzed, such as prismatic degree (£c), prismatic structure on the brightness enhancement. It can be found from the result of simulation that the changes of the prismatic degree (£c) of 85 degree influence the brightness enhancement the most.

<p>There are 4 billion poor living on 2 dollars or less per day that make up the bottom of the economic pyramid (BOP). If a company calculates their aggregated purchasing power they could be a huge and profitable market.</p><p>By studying the roles of the different actors and their pre-conditions in BOP-markets the purpose with this thesis is to find out how the private sector can pursue a sustainable market development strategy at the bottom of the economic pyramid and if it really will help to reduce poverty.</p>

ABSTRACT Title: Teenagers and their perception of fashion brands (Ungdomar och deras uppfattningar om modevarumärken) Number of pages: 42 Author: Louise Kindblom Tutor: Göran Svensson Course: Media and communication studies C Period: Autumn term 2007 University: Division of Media and Communication, Department of Information Science, Uppsala university Purpose/Aim: To achieve a deeper level of knowledge and a better understanding of high school teenager`s perception of the three fashion brands Gucci. H&amp;M and Canada Goose and too distinguish potential gender related differences in their perceptions. Material/Method: A questionnaire about fashion brands delivered to three schools in the Stockholm area. Main results: Teenagers perceptions of the three fashion brands Gucci, H&amp;M and Canada Goose are more different than similar. This differences in teenagers perceptions are discernible in a comparison between the most usual and unusual associations that are related to each of the brands. Gucci is associated with success, wealth, excitement and uniqueness. H&amp;M is for example seen as earth-bound and has in a comparison with the other brands reached the highest level of positive associations. Canada Goose is seen as dishonest, and has the highest level of negative associations. Gucci and H&amp;M are the strongest brands. They are strong regarding different aspects. Canada Goose is the least strong fashion mark. There are differences in perceptions of gender but they are quite seldom very big even if there are exceptions from this rule. The differences are more subtle. Keywords: fashion brands, teenagers, perceptions, strong brands, associations, image, Kellers pyramid