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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Monitoring der Verstädterung im Großraum Istanbul mit den Methoden der Fernerkundung und der Versuch einer räumlich-statistischen Modellierung / Monitoring of urbanization in the metropolitan area of Istanbul by means of remote sensing and the attempt at spatial-statistical modelling

Radberger, Roman 02 July 2001 (has links)
No description available.
12

Analyse spektroradiometrischer in situ Messungen als Datenquelle für die teilflächenspezifische Zustandsbeschreibung von Winterweizenbeständen / Analysis of spectroradiometric field measurements for a site specific estimation of crop parameters in winter wheat

Erasmi, Stefan 17 June 2002 (has links)
No description available.
13

Einsatzmöglichkeiten neuer Informationstechnologien für die Aufbereitung und Vermittlung geographischer Informationen - das Beispiel kartengestützte Online-Systeme / Applications of new information technologies for the preparation and efficient transmission of geographic information - the example of map-based systems on the Internet

Dickmann, Frank 27 September 2004 (has links)
No description available.
14

Development of Non-Amorphous Solid Dispersions for Poorly-Soluble Drugs Using a Novel Excipient and Hot Melt Extrusion

Hwee Jing Ong (5930108) 16 January 2020 (has links)
<div>Drug solubility is a persistent challenge in pharmaceutical product development. The objective of this research is to develop a formulation/processing strategy by means of a biodendrimeric solid dispersion (BDSD) platform, for increasing the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. The BSDS platform combines a novel type of excipient, referred to as DLB, with a new application of the hot melt extrusion (HME) process.</div><div><br></div><div>Four model compounds – phenytoin (PHT), griseofulvin (GSF), ibuprofen (IBU), and loratadine (LOR) – were used to evaluate the solubilization effect of an octenylsuccinate-modified dendrimer-like biopolymer (OS-DLB). Shake-flask solubility measurements show that OS-DLB exerts significant solubilizing effect when present at less than 0.2% in water. The presence of hydrophobic C<sub>8</sub> chains on OS-DLB creates the type of favorable nonpolar microenvironment necessary for producing a parallel liquid phase equilibrium responsible for the increase in the total amount of drug dissolved in aqueous media. The higher the hydrophobicity of the drug, the higher the observed solubilization effect. Isothermal titration calorimetry studies show that drug solubilization by OS-DLB occurs by means of entropy-driven interactions. These studies also show that the intermolecular interaction between IBU and OS-DLB in solution exhibits very small energy change upon mixing but a stronger effect on entropy. In comparison, the intermolecular interaction between the less hydrophobic GSF and OS-DLB have significant effects on both enthalpy and entropy. Consequently, in terms of solubilization enhancement, it was found that the interaction between IBU and OS-DLB is entropy-driven (more favorable), while in the case of GSF, the interacting molecules are arranged to maximize enthalpic interaction.</div><div><br></div><div>Based on the solubility studies, a formulation/processing approach for enhancing the dissolution rate of the model drugs was developed. The biopolymer serving as both carrier and solubilizing agent, was coprocessed with poloxamer, functioning as a processing aid, using hot melt extrusion (HME) as an enabling technology. The result is a non-amorphous solid dispersion, exhibiting high and long-lasting supersaturation upon dissolution. A 3-factor, 3-level Box-Behnken design was implemented to define the optimal design space for the formulation/extrusion process. The results obtained from multivariate data analysis (partial least squares and principal components analysis) and response surface modeling suggest that drug release performance of IBU BDSDs is strongly influenced by the processing variables, while maximum release of GSF from the BDSDs can be attained through selective combination of functional excipients.<br></div>
15

A Process Analytical Technology (PAT) approach involving near infrared spectroscopy to control the manufacturing of an active pharmaceutical ingredient : development, validation and implementation

Schaefer, Cédric 11 July 2013 (has links)
Les entreprises pharmaceutiques ont progressivement adopté le concept de Process Analytical Technology (PAT) afin de contrôler et d'assurer en temps réel la qualité des produits pharmaceutiques au cours de leur production. Le PAT et un composant central du concept plus général de Quality-by-Design (QbD) promu par les agence régulatrices et visant à construire la qualité des produits via une approche scientifique et la gestion des risques.Une méthode basée sur la spectroscopie proche infrarouge (PIR) a été développée comme un outil du PAT pour contrôler en ligne la cristallisation d'un principe actif pharmaceutique. Au cours du procédé les teneurs en principe actif et en solvant résiduel doivent être déterminées avec précision afin d'atteindre un point d'ensemencement prédéfini. Une méthodologie basée sur les principes du QbD a guidé le développement et la validation de la méthode tout en assurant l'adéquation avec son utilisation prévue. Des modèles basés sur les moindres carrés partiels ont été construits à l'aide d'outils chimiométriques afin de quantifier les 2 analytes d'intérêt. La méthode a été totalement validée conformément aux requis officiels en utilisant les profils d'exactitude. Un suivi du procédé en temps réel a permis de prouver que la méthode correspond à son usage prévu.L'implémentation de cette méthode comme à l'échelle industrielle au lancement de ce nouveau procédé permettra le contrôle automatique de l'étape de cristallisation dans le but d'assurer un niveau de qualité prédéfini de l'API. D'autres avantages sont attendus incluant la réduction du temps du procédé, la suppression d'un échantillonnage difficile et d'analyses hors ligne fastidieuses. / Pharmaceutical companies are progressively adopting and introducing the Process Analytical Technology (PAT) concept to control and ensure in real-time product quality in development and manufacturing. PAT is a key component of the Quality-by-Design (QbD) framework promoted by the regulatory authorities, aiming the building of product quality based on both a strong scientific background and a quality risk management approach.An analytical method based on near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy was developed as a PAT tool to control on-line an API (active pharmaceutical ingredient) crystallization. During this process the API and residual solvent contents need to be precisely determined to reach a predefined seeding point. An original methodology based on the QbD principles was applied to conduct the development and validation of the NIR method and to ensure that it is fitted for its intended use. Partial least squares (PLS) models were developed and optimized through chemometrics tools in order to quantify the 2 analytes of interest. The method was fully validated according to the official requirements using the accuracy profile approach. Besides, a real-time process monitoring was added to the validation phase to prove and document that the method is fitted for purpose.Implementation of this method as an in-process control at industrial plant from the launch of this new pharmaceutical process will enable automatic control of the crystallization step in order to ensure a predefined quality level of the API. Other valuable benefits are expected such as reduction of the process time, and suppression of a difficult sampling and tedious off-line analyzes.
16

Effects of local and landscape factors on grassland plant diversity / Effekte von lokalen und regionalen Faktoren auf den Artenreichtum im Grünland

Klimek, Sebastian 16 November 2006 (has links)
No description available.
17

Fluid queues: building upon the analogy with QBD processes

Da Silva Soares, Ana 11 March 2005 (has links)
Les files d'attente fluides sont des processus markoviens à deux dimensions, où la première composante, appelée le niveau, représente le contenu d'un réservoir et prend des valeurs continues, et la deuxième composante, appelée la phase, est l'état d'un processus markovien dont l'évolution contrôle celle du niveau. Le niveau de la file fluide varie linéairement avec un taux qui dépend de la phase et qui peut prendre n'importe quelle valeur réelle.<p><p>Dans cette thèse, nous explorons le lien entre les files fluides et les processus QBD, et nous appliquons des arguments utilisés en théorie des processus de renouvellement pour obtenir la distribution stationnaire de plusieurs modèles fluides.<p><p>Nous commençons par l'étude d'une file fluide avec un réservoir de taille infinie; nous déterminons sa distribution stationnaire, et nous présentons un algorithme permettant de calculer cette distribution de manière très efficace. Nous observons que la distribution stationnaire de la file fluide de capacité infinie est très semblable à celle d'un processus QBD avec une infinité de niveaux. Nous poursuivons la recherche des similarités entre les files fluides et les processus QBD, et nous étudions ensuite la distribution stationnaire d'une file fluide de capacité finie. Nous montrons que l'algorithme valable pour le cas du réservoir infini permet de calculer toutes les quantités importantes du modèle avec un réservoir fini.<p><p>Nous considérons ensuite des modèles fluides plus complexes, de capacité finie ou infinie, où le comportement du processus markovien des phases peut changer lorsque le niveau du réservoir atteint certaines valeurs seuils. Nous montrons que les méthodes développées pour des modèles classiques s'étendent de manière naturelle à ces modèles plus complexes.<p><p>Pour terminer, nous étudions les conditions nécessaires et suffisantes qui mènent à l'indépendance du niveau et de la phase d'une file fluide de capacité infinie en régime stationnaire. Ces résultats s'appuient sur des résultats semblables concernant des processus QBD.<p><p>Markov modulated fluid queues are two-dimensional Markov processes, of which the first component, called the level, represents the content of a buffer or reservoir and takes real values; the second component, called the phase, is the state of a Markov process which controls the evolution of the level in the following manner: the level varies linearly at a rate which depends on the phase and which can take any real value.<p><p>In this thesis, we explore the link between fluid queues and Quasi Birth-and-Death (QBD) processes, and we apply Markov renewal techniques in order to derive the stationary distribution of various fluid models.<p><p>To begin with, we study a fluid queue with an infinite capacity buffer; we determine its stationary distribution and we present an algorithm which performs very efficiently in the determination of this distribution. We observe that the equilibrium distribution of the fluid queue is very similar to that of a QBD process with infinitely many levels. We further exploit the similarity between the two processes, and we determine the stationary distribution of a finite capacity fluid queue. We show that the algorithm available in the infinite case allows for the computation of all the important quantities entering in the expression of this distribution.<p><p>We then consider more complex models, of either finite or infinite capacities, in which the behaviour ff the phase process may change whenever the buffer is empty or full, or when it reaches certain thresholds. We show that the techniques that we develop for the simpler models can be extended quite naturally in this context.<p><p>Finally, we study the necessary and sufficient conditions that lead to the independence between the level and the phase of an infinite capacity fluid queue in the stationary regime. These results are based on similar developments for QBD processes. / Doctorat en sciences, Spécialisation mathématiques / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
18

Flächenbezogene Modelle zur Unterstützung der Forstlichen Standortskartierung im Niedersächsischen Bergland. / Area-related models for the support of forest site mapping in the Lower Saxony Uplands.

Schulz, Rainer 18 June 2003 (has links)
No description available.
19

Bestandes- und Freilandnährstoffeinträge in Zentralsulawesi (Indonesien) / Throughfall- and freeland deposition in Central Sulawesi

Köhler, Stefan 03 July 2012 (has links)
No description available.
20

Probleme und Lösungsansätze des Grundwassermonitorings nach EU-Wasserrahmenrichtlinie / Problems and Approaches of Solutions of Groundwater Monitoring According to the European Water Framework Directive

Stietenroth, Daniel 19 April 2005 (has links)
No description available.

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