In recent years, a new threat to barley crops has emerged and gained substantial attention due to its rising economic importance. Relatively little is known about the infection strategy and development of Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) disease on barley. Therefore the overall aim of this project was to increase the understanding of fundamental biology and life cycle of the causal agent, R. collo-cygni. Chapter 2 describes the horizontal transmission of the fungus on barley. Both field and transgenic R. collo-cygni isolates expressing GFP and dsRed fluorescent reporter markers were utilised to visualise the infection progression in living host tissues by various light and confocal microscopy. The existence of a previously unknown structure called stomatopodium (infection peg), involved in the penetration of stomata, was demonstrated. The fungus initially exhibited symptomless epiphytic growth, extending above epidermis and connecting the hyphal aggregates inside substomatal cavities and subsequent initial sporulation. However, during the transition into symptomatic phase, the organised intercellular growth of hyphae into the mesophyll was observed. This hyphal network was involved in the production of asexual spores demonstrating that the raprture of epidermal layer was responsible for local necrosis observed for RLS. In addition to barley, several other speculated R. collo-cygni hosts have been used to verify their compatibility to the pathogen. In chapter 3, a whole plant inoculation assay was developed to investigate the mode of the fungal seed-borne transmission by using GFP expressing strain of the fungus. It is shown here for the first time that the vertical transmission is systemic, involving symptomless colonisation of embryo and closely resembled the mode of dissemination observed for Neotyphodium species, mutualistic fungal endosymbionts on grasses. The impact of fungal infection on seed germination ability was also examined that revealed no significant difference between clean, moderate and high levels of R. collo-cygni DNA. Chapter 4 represents an attempt to discover and analyse the sexual development in R. collo-cygni. As a first step to understand the sexual reproduction cycle in this apparently asexual species, the genetic structure of the mating system was characterised by using PCR-based techniques which demonstrated the heterothallic nature of the fungus. The defined population of R. collo-cygni field isolates was then screened for the presence of the discovered mating type idiomorphs (mat) to determine the frequencies of the mating types in the defined R. collo-cygni populations. The segregation ratio of mat1 and mat2 close to 1:1 indicated a frequent sexual reproduction. In order to verify the existence of functional sexual stage in R. collo-cygni, potential sexual development was induced using the potentially compatible isolates and a comprehensive analysis was undertaken by correlative use of light-, confocal- and low temperature scanning electron microscopy. Two types of multicellular bodies were observed and described. First was the speculated Asteromella stage (male donor) that carries spore-like spermatia. The second structure initially resembled sclerotia that in only a few instances developed into perythecium/ pseudothecium that appeared to carry the sexual spores, ascospores enveloped in asci. Chapter 5 demonstrates the role of rubellin toxin in symptom development by using autofluorescence phenomenon. The structure of putative molecular machinery involved in rubellin biosynthesis was addressed by using bioinformatics approaches and the complete R. collo-cygni genome sequence. A gene cluster encompassing several components of other known secondary metabolite biosynthesis pathways, such as that of dothistromin and aflatoxin, was found and putative protein function of the genes is hypothesised.

Thesis (doctoral)--Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, 2002.

In the past two decades a new barley threat has emerged as the disease Ramularia leaf spot (RLS) became more prevalent in temperate regions worldwide. This disease, first identified in the late 19th century, is caused by the filamentous fungus Ramularia collo-cygni (Rcc) and can cause substantial yield losses as well as reduce grain quality. RLS typically occurs late in the growing season and characteristic disease symptoms are usually seen after the crop has flowered. Expression of RLS lesions is thought to be associated with the action of fungal secondary metabolism products. The one group of secondary metabolites (SMs) characterised to date from Rcc, the anthraquinone toxins rubellins, are known to cause necrosis to plant tissues in a non-host specific manner. Therefore, it appears that fungal secondary metabolism might be a key component in understanding the interaction between Rcc and its host. In this study, more than 23 core genes involved in the biosynthesis of SMs belonging to the polyketide and non-ribosomal peptide pathways were identified in the genome of Rcc. Putative clusters containing genes with a predicted function relating to secondary metabolism were identified by in silico genome walking in the genetic loci adjacent to Rcc SM core genes. Two gene clusters containing no SM core gene were also identified. Five of the putative SM clusters exhibited similarity to the known fungal SM biochemical pathways involved in gliotoxin, monodictyphenone, ferricrocin, betaenone and chaetoglobosins biosynthesis. Several gene clusters exhibited similarity to SM clusters from fungal species where the SM pathway is uncharacterised. Changes in transcript abundance of selected SM core genes during RLS development in artificially inoculated barley seedlings were tested. Transcript levels were found to be the highest at an early stage of disease development, typically during the asymptomatic and early lesions formation stages and declined over time, suggesting that the associated SMs in Rcc, may not necessarily be involved in symptoms appearance. The in planta mode of action of the non-host specific photoactivated toxin rubellin D was studied in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Rubellin-induced cell death appeared phenotypically reminiscent of programmed cell death (PCD). Full expression of rubellin D-induced cell death required the host salicylic acid (SA) pathway and the host proteasome supporting the PCD response to this fungal SM. However, a clear correlation between toxin sensitivity and disease susceptibility could not be found, suggesting a potential alternative role for rubellin in disease symptom development.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1196382 bytes, checksum: e40c3e55340073371a872432bd57750c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-25 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / This study aimed to elaborate and validate a diagrammatic scale to assess the severity of areolate mildew (Ramularia gossypii (Speg.) Cif.) on cotton leaves as well as to test the efficiency of alternative products to control this disease. The proposed scale showed disease levels of 0, 0.05, 0.50, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, 16.0, 32.0 and 67.20%. Both precision and accuracy were evaluated by using regression between the real and estimated severity by raters with and without experience. The reproductibility of the scale by regression analysis of the estimated severities by raters was also evaluated. The scale showed to be adequate to evaluate areolate mildew due to an increase in accuracy and precision during disease evaluation, which gives reproductible estimatives of disease severity. Regarding the alternative products used to control areolate mildew, the potassium silicate was not efficient to control this disease with values of severity, canopy quality at 166 days after plant emergence, yield and area under areolate mildew progress curve (AAAMPC) similar to the check treatment (no fungicide applied). The treatment with Calda Viçosa gave the best disease control and did not differ from the treatments with Pyraclostrobin or Tebuconazole in terms of yield, but showed an increase of 88% in yield compared to the check treatment. The fungicides Mancozeb and Clorothalonyl mixed with Calda Viçosa or with Tebuconazole were efficient to control the disease, especially the mixture of fungicide Mancozeb with Tebuconazole. / Objetivou-se com este trabalho elaborar e validar uma escala diagramática para quantificação severidade da mancha de Ramularia do algodoeiro, causada pelo fungo Ramularia gossypii (Speg.) Cif.; e, avaliar a eficiência de produtos alternativos no controle da doença. A escala diagramática proposta contém nove níveis de severidade: 0; 0,05; 0,50; 1,0; 2,0; 4,0; 8,0; 16,0; 32,0 e 67,20. Avaliaram-se a precisão e a acurácia por meio da regressão entre a severidade real e estimada por avaliadores experientes e inexperientes, bem como a reprodutibilidade pela regressão das severidades estimadas pelos avaliadores aos pares. A escala obtida mostrou-se adequada para avaliar a mancha de Ramularia por garantir aumento na acurácia e na precisão da avaliação oferecendo estimativas reproduzíveis da severidade da doença. Com relação aos produtos alternativos avaliados para o controle da mancha de Ramularia, o silicato de potássio aplicado via foliar foi ineficaz com valores de severidade, enfolhamento relativo aos 166 dias após a emergência, produtividade e área abaixo da curva de progresso da mancha de Ramularia (AACPMR) semelhante a testemunha sem fungicida. A calda Viçosa proporcionou controle eficiente da doença, não diferindo em termos de produtividade dos tratamentos a base de estrobirulina e ou de triazol, sendo o incremento de produtividade em relação a testemunha de 88%. Os fungicidas mancozeb e clorotalonil em mistura com a calda Viçosa ou com triazol foram eficientes no controle da mancha de Ramularia, destacando-se o fungicida mancozeb em mistura com tebuconazole.

Ramularia collo cygni (Rcc), der Erreger der Sprenkelkrankheit an Gerste, gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung. Das pilzliche Pathogen wird den Deuteromyceten zugeordnet. Typisch für die Krankheit ist ein auffallend spätes Auftreten von Symptomen in der Vegetationsperiode. Nach Abschluss der Blüte nimmt die Befallsstärke stark zu, was sich in einer Verbräunung und Absterben der Blätter innerhalb von 12 Tagen zeigt. Klassische Untersuchungsmethoden der Rcc-Gerste-Interaktion werden kontinuierlich durch molekulare Untersuchungen zur Befallsdynamik unterstützt. So stehen seit kurzem PCR-basierte Verfahren zum Nachweis von Rcc in Pflanzengewebe zur Verfügung. Ziel dieses Projektes waren Untersuchungen zur Epidemiologie und Pathogenität von Rcc, weiterhin wurde die Herkunft des Inokulums und die Verbreitung des Pathogens untersucht. Ein weiterer Schwerpunkt war die Entwicklung von robusten Phänotypisierungs-Assays zur Bewertung der Resistenz unterschiedlicher Gersten-Genotypen sowohl unter Gewächshaus- als auch unter Feldbedingungen. Zunächst wurde eine auf SYBR-Green basierende quantitative Real-Time PCR (qPCR)-Methode zum Nachweis von pilzlicher DNA in Pflanzengewebe entwickelt. Die Nachweisgrenze der pilzlichen DNA lag hier bei 0,1 pg in Flüssigkultur, sowie in Pflanzengewebe und in Samenmaterial; auch in Regenwasser und Schnee konnte diese DNA-Konzentration noch nachgewiesen werden. Mittels qualitativer PCR konnte eine Übertragung des Pathogens von Samen auf Keimlinge gezeigt werden. Die Untersuchungen bestätigten auch, dass die weitere Ausbreitung des Pathogens in älteren Pflanzen ohne Ausbildung von Symptomen erfolgte. Unter Gewächshausbedingungen traten in infizierten Pflanzen erste Symptome erst zur Abreife und Kornentwicklung auf. Eine Desinfektion der Samen mit heißem Wasser führte nicht zur Abtötung von Rcc und somit zur Verbreitung des Pathogens in der Pflanze. In weiteren Untersuchungen wurde die Wirkung von Saatgutbehandlung und Blattfungiziden zu unterschiedlichen Entwicklungsstadien der infizierten Pflanze getestet. Die Beizmittel Zardex G (Cyproconazol und Imazalil) und das systemische Blattfungizid Proline (Prothioconazole) wurden zu unterschiedlichen Wachstumsphasen der Pflanze appliziert und die Verbreitung von Rcc mittels Real-Time PCR analysiert. Dabei konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Fungizide bei separater Anwendung keine Wirkung hatten, eine Kombination der beiden Pflanzenschutzmittel jedoch Effekte zeigte. So konnte nach Beizung mit Zardex G und anschließender Anwendung von Proline im Wachstumsstadium 39-41 ein starker inhibitorischer Effekt auf das pilzliche Wachstum demonstriert werden. In einer weiteren Studie wurde die Verbreitung und Mobilität von Rcc Inokulum über die Luft mittels Sporenfallen untersucht, die entweder in der Nähe eines Gerstenfeldes oder weiter enfernt aufgestellt wurden. Im späten Herbst und in den Wintermonaten wurden Sporen von Rcc in größerer Entfernung von Gerstenfeldern und in höheren Lagen nachgewiesen. Rcc Inokulum ist demnach weit verbreitet und kann auch über größere Distanzen durch die Luft, im Regenwasser oder Schnee transportiert werden. Interessanterweise ist Inokulum auch auch in kühleren Jahreszeiten nachweisbar. Zur Identifizierung resistenter Genotypen erfolgten Phänotypisierungen von Blattsegmenten in der Klimakammer und parallel dazu wurden Screenings unter Feldbedingungen im Reifestadium 73-75 durchgeführt. Es konnten signifikant unterschiedliche Anfälligkeiten gegenüber Rcc sowohl im Feld, als auch unter kontrollierten Bedingungen im Gewächshaus und der Klimakammer gezeigt werden. So konnten einige Genotypen identifiziert werden, die besonders gute Resistenzen aufwiesen wie z. B. die Sorte IPZ 24727. Eine signifikante Korrelation konnte zwischen den Gewächshausdaten (Inokulation ganzer Pflanzen) und den Felddaten 2009 (p=0,005, rs=0,483) und 2010 (p=0,03, rs=0,384) nachgewiesen werden. Ein Vergleich der Daten des Blattsegment-Assays und der ermittelten Befallsstärke im Gewächshausversuch zeigte eine signifikante Korrelation (p=0,0002, rs=0,592). Darüber hinaus korrelierten die Werte des Assays mit den Felddaten aus dem Jahr 2009 (p=0,0005, rs=0,576) und 2010 (p=0,002, rs=0,513). Eine signifikante Korrelation wurde auch zwischen den Daten der Feldversuche der beiden untersuchten Jahren gezeigt (p=0,04, rs= 0,419). Mittels qPCR wurde Rcc in allen getesteten Genotypen nachgewiesen, d.h., dass keiner der Genotypen komplett resistent war. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein Nachweis des Pathogens in frühen Wachstumsstadien bereits vor der Symptomausbildung mittels PCR möglich ist. QPCR Analysen zeigten eine starke Korrelation (p=0,00179, rs=0,851) zwischen den visuellen Boniturdaten und der pilzlichen DNA-Konzentration im F-1Blatt. Eine Anwendung der qPCR zur Selektion resistenter Gerste Genotypen ist daher möglich. Weiterhin wurde mittels HPLC eine neue Detektionsmethode für das Rcc Phototoxin Rubellin entwickelt. Mit dieser sensitiven Methode konnten Konzentrationen des Toxins bereits vor der Symptomausbildung in frühen Wachstumsstadien der Pflanze nachgewiesen werden. Die gemessenen Toxinwerte in infiziertem Blattgewebe korrelierten stark mit den Werten der Sichtbonitur (p=0,00005, rs=0,966657). Diese Methode ist daher zur Identifizierung von resistenten Gerste-Genotypen unter kontrollierten Bedingungen geeignet.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 355166 bytes, checksum: fca33886e7049d30889ecd53a351d550 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-17 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The infectious process of Ramularia areola, the causal agent of ramularia leaf spot, on leaves of cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae), was studied by using the scanning electron microscope. Conidia started to germinate at 12 hours after inoculation (hai) and no appressoria were observed at this time. In most cases, conidia germinated and produced two germ tubes that grew towards the stomata where the penetration occurred. Fungus sporulation occurred at both adaxial and abaxial leaf epidermis through the stomata. Fungal hyphae suscefully colonized the mesophyll cells both inter and intra cellularly. Disease symptoms appeared at 12 dai with severity level of 1%, but reached 32% at 22 dai. / O processo infeccioso de Ramularia areola, o agente causal da mancha da ramulária, em folhas de algodoeiro, Gossypium hirsutum L. (Malvaceae), foi estudado utilizando a microscopia eletrônica de varredura. Os conídios iniciaram a germinação 12 horas após a inoculação (hai) e nenhum apressório foi observado nesse período. Na maioria dos casos, os conídios germinaram e produziram dois tubos germinativos que cresceram através dos estômatos onde a penetração ocorreu. A esporulação do fungo ocorreu em ambas as faces adaxial e abaxial da epiderme foliar através dos estômatos. As hifas do fungo colonizaram com sucesso as células do mesófilo inter e intra celularmente. Os sintomas da doença apareceram em 12 dai com um nível de severidade de 1%, porém alcançaram 32% em 22 dai.

No description available.

Magistrantūros studijų baigiamojo darbo tyrimų tikslas buvo ištirti cukrinių runkelių ligotumą, nustatyti grybinių lapų ligų paplitimą ir žalingumą cukriniuose runkeliuose bei nustatyti apsaugos priemonių, mažinančių ligų plitimą efektyvumą. Lauko eksperimentas buvo atliktas 2012 m. Lietuvos agrarinių ir miškų mokslų centro (LAMMC) Rumokų bandymų stotyje. Dirvožemis sekliai glėjiškas paprastasis išplautžemis (Haplic-Epihypogleyic Luvisol – Idg8-p). Darbo objektas - cukrinių runkelių (Beta vulgaris saccharifera) grybinės lapų ligos. Darbo metodai: Cukrinių runkelių lapų ligotumo, fungicidų biologinio efektyvumo, ligų žalingumo matavimai nustatyti tiesioginio matavimo, skaičiavimo ar svėrimo būdu pagal priimtas lauko eksperimento vykdymo metodikas (Šurkus, Gaurilčikienė, 2002). Tyrimų duomenys statistiškai įvertinti vieno veiksnio arba dviejų veiksnių kiekybinių požymių dispersinės analizės metodais, taikant kompiuterinę programą ANOVA (Tarakanovas, Raudonius, 2003). Darbo rezultatai: Tyrimų metais cukriniuose runkeliuose labiausiai plito cukrinių runkelių rudmargė ir baltuliai, kurių pažeidimo intensyvumas atitinkamai siekė 11,91 ir 1,81 proc. Didžiausias biologinis fungicido efektyvumas nuo cukrinių runkelių rudmargės nustatytas laukeliuose, kuriuose vieną ir du kartus buvo naudojamas fungicidas Maredo (vienkartinio purškimo norma 1,0 l ha-1, dukartinio - 0,75 l ha-1). Jo biologinis efektyvumas atitinkamai siekė 65,79 – 92,06 proc. ir 86,39 – 94,19 proc. Didžiausias... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / The main objective of Master thesis research was to investigate the intensity of sugar beet diseases, determine the fungal disease prevalence and harmfulness of sugar beets, and determine the effect of chemical plant control against sugar beet diseases.The research was made in the Rumokai Experimental Station of the Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2012. The soil type – Haplic-Epihypogleyic Luvisol – Idg8-p. Object of the research – sugar beet (Beta vulgaris saccharifera) fungal leaf diseases. Working methods: biological effectiveness of fungicides and disease harmfulness measurements were determined while using direct measurements, calculations or weighing according field experimental techniques (Šurkus, Gaurilčikienė, 2002). Research data have been statistically evaluated with a single factor or two factor analysis of variance of quantitative methods of evidence, using a computer program ANOVA (Tarakanovas, Raudonius, 2003). Research results: The most effective fungicide against Cercospora leaf spot disease in the once and twice treatment field of sugar beet plants was Maredo (once treatment rate 1,0 l ha-1, twice treatment rate 0,75 l ha-1). Its efficiency was highest and reached 65,79 – 92,06 % and 86,39 – 94,19 %. The most effective fungicideagainst Ramularia leaf spot disease in the once and twice treatment field of sugar beet plants was also Maredo. Its efficiency reached 75,41 – 93,52 % and 82,76 – 93,89 %. The highest significant root... [to full text]

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:39:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 1382721 bytes, checksum: 5a1b7a840049538702c0b7c565923ecc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-16 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico / The study was conducted at the Laboratory of Postharvest of Department of Plant Science in order to evaluate the effects of hydrocooling and packing in the postharvest quality of the leaves of Pereskia aculeata Mill. stored in room temperature (25°C) and cold storage (5ºC). The experiments were conducted in a split plot, with the treatments to the plots and storage time in sub plots in randomized block design. It was evaluated: amount estimated by the SPAD chlorophyll, the loss of fresh mass (LFM), the relative water content (WC), the levels of total soluble sugars (TSS), reducing sugar (RED), non-reducing sugar (NRED) and starch of the leaves. The data were submitted to ANOVA, Tukey test at 5% probability and regression. The shelf life of refrigerated storage was increased by up to seven times depending on the treatment applied. There were no significant effect of treatment or time on the chlorophyll content of leaves. Independent of treatment, the leaves remained green throughout the shelf life. In leaves stored at 25°C the LMF accumulated was greater in the hydrocooled leaves due to evaporation of water absorbed and accumulated in the leaf surface during treatment. The packaging was effective in controlling LFM in both storage temperatures. The greater TRA was provided by perforated plastic bag with or without prior hydrocooling, which prevented for a longer period of time the leaf wilting. The levels of TSS, RED, and starch NRED varied as a function of the treatment in response to the effect of concentration or dilution coupled to TRA. There was no effect of storage time on the levels of AST and starch. The contents of RED decreased with storage time at 25°C, unlike the levels of NRED at both storage temperatures, which increased due to the concentration effect. It is recommended to hydrocooling, perforated plastic bag and cold storage in the postharvest P. aculeata. / O trabalho foi realizado no Laboratório de Pós-colheita do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa com o objetivo de avaliar os efeitos do hidroresfriamento e da embalagem plástica perfurada na qualidade pós-colheita das folhas de ora-pro-nobis (Pereskia aculeata Mill.) armazenadas em temperatura ambiente (25ºC) e em ambiente refrigerado (5ºC). Os experimentos foram instalados segundo o esquema de parcelas subdivididas, tendo os tratamentos nas parcelas e o tempo de armazenamento nas subparcelas no delineamento em blocos casualizados. Avaliou-se a quantidade de clorofila estimada pelo SPAD, a perda de massa fresca (PM), o teor relativo de água (TRA), os teores de açúcares solúveis totais (AST), redutores (RED), não redutores (NRED) e amido das folhas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância, teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade e regressão. A vida de prateleira em armazenamento refrigerado foi aumentada em até sete vezes, dependendo do tratamento aplicado. Não houve efeito significativo dos tratamentos ou do tempo no teor de clorofila das folhas. Independente do tratamento, as folhas permaneceram verdes durante todo o tempo de prateleira. Nas folhas armazenadas à 25ºC houve maior PM acumulada pelas folhas hidroresfriadas devido à evaporação da água absorvida e acumulada na superfície das folhas durante o tratamento. A embalagem foi efetiva no controle da PM acumulada em ambas as temperaturas de armazenamento. O maior TRA foi proporcionado pelo uso de embalagem plástica perfurada com ou sem o hidroresfriamento prévio, a qual evitou por maior período de tempo o murchamento das folhas. Os teores de AST, RED, NRED e amido oscilaram em função do tratamento aplicado em resposta ao efeito de concentração ou diluição atrelado ao TRA. Não houve efeito do tempo de armazenamento nos teores de AST e amido. Os teores de RED decresceram com o tempo de armazenamento à 25ºC, diferentemente dos teores de NRED em ambas as temperaturas de armazenamento, os quais aumentaram devido ao efeito de concentração. Recomenda-se o hidroresfriamento, a embalagem plástica perfurada e o armazenamento refrigerado na pós-colheita de P. aculeata.

O Mato Grosso é o estado responsável pela maior área plantada e elevada produtividade de caroço e fibra de algodão do país. Apesar das terras que possuem fertilidade entre as melhores do Brasil e das condições climáticas que propiciaram sua soberania como produtor de algodão, algumas pragas, condições climáticas atípicas e doenças como a mancha de ramulária contribuem para a queda de produtividade e, por conseguinte, de área plantada ano após ano. Os programas de melhoramento são a melhor forma, em longo prazo, de resolver ou pelo menos amenizar esses problemas. Além da resistência às doenças, o desempenho quanto ao rendimento e à qualidade da fibra e a adaptabilidade do material à região são importantes. A mancha de ramulária, até meados de 2007, era uma doença secundária que não incomodava os produtores; porém, com o advento de variedades resistentes a outras de enfermidades que até então eram primárias, houve uma diminuição da necessidade de aplicação de fungicidas na lavoura. Com a migração da cultura para outros estados além de São Paulo e Paraná, essa doença encontrou condições mais favoráveis ao seu surgimento e começou a incomodar os produtores e interferir de forma bastante negativa na produtividade. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar o comportamento de três variedades comerciais de algodão no que concerne à severidade causada pela mancha de ramulária durante três safras no estado do Mato Grosso – 2011-12, 2013-14 e 2014-15 – e sua influência na produção, no rendimento e na qualidade de fibra. Foram testadas três variedades comerciais (DeltaOPAL, FM993 e FMT705) em três fazendas situadas nos municípios de Campo Verde, Sapezal e Primavera do Leste. As avaliações para quantificação da mancha de ramulária foram realizadas aproximadamente 100 dias após a emergência. Além da colheita para avaliar a produção de algodão em caroço por parcela, uma amostra de 30 capulhos foi utilizada, com vistas a realizar os testes de porcentagem e qualidade de fibra. De acordo com os resultados observados, a safra 2011-12, que historicamente obteve melhores condições climáticas (beneficiando tanto a cultura quanto a doença), apresentou os maiores valores de produção do algodão em caroço e de severidade à mancha de ramulária. Os índices de porcentagem e qualidade de fibra estudados tiveram certas diferenças entre variedades e localidades, mas se mantiveram dentro dos valores aceitáveis de mercado. No que tange à resposta a essa moléstia, foi possível observar, durante as três safras, um comportamento estável das variedades testadas, sendo a FMT705 a mais resistente e a DeltaOPAL de maior suscetibilidade à mancha de ramulária. / Mato Grosso is the Brazilian state responsible for the largest planted area and greatest productivity of cotton seed and fiber in the country. Although Mato Grosso has the best fertility areas of the country and favorable weather conditions for cotton development and production, some pests, atypical climatic conditions and diseases, such as Ramularia, have contributed to the decrease of yield and planted area. Breeding programs are the best way, in the long term, to solve these problems. In addition to resistance to disease, improving performance in terms of yield and fiber quality, and adaptability of the germplasm to the region are very important. Ramularia was considered a secondary disease until 2007; however, with the advent of other varieties resistant to diseases that were previously primary ones - Ramulose, for example – a decreased need for fungicide application occurred and, furthermore, the migration of the crop to other states besides São Paulo and Paraná, with more favorable conditions for disease, it began to bother producers and interfere negatively on productivity. This study analyzed the behavior of three commercial cotton varieties in relation to the severity caused by Ramularia during 3 crops in Mato Grosso state: seasons 2011-12, 2013-14 and 2014-15, and its influence on production, yield and fiber quality. Three commercial cotton varieties, DeltaOpal, FM993 and FMT705, were tested in three farms located in Campo Verde, Sapezal and Primavera do Leste. The evaluations to quantify Ramularia were performed approximately 100 days after emergence. A sample of 30 bolls was used to perform tests of lint percent, fiber quality, and the production per plot was quantified through weighing plot production. According to results observed, the 2011-12 season - historically presented the best weather, benefiting both the culture and the disease - was the one with the greatest cotton production values and also the greatest severity values for Ramularia. The values of lint percent and fiber showed some differences among cultivars and locations, but still remained within acceptable market values. Regarding the response to the disease, it was observed during the three seasons a stable behavior of the tested varieties, FMT705 performed as the most resistant, while DeltaOPAL was the most susceptible to Ramularia. / Dissertação (Mestrado)