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<p>This thesis investigates land reform coverage at the time of the land summit through quantitative and qualitative content analysis. Hard news reports, editorials and opinion pieces that appeared in the daily newspapers Beeld, Business day, Sowetan and Sunday newspapers Rapport and Sunday Times between July and September 2005 were analysed in terms of what they reported , issues that received little attention, portrayal of certain issues and sources used. The findings were used to make inference about the degree to which the newspapers in the study fulfill their societal roles.</p>

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Series: EI Working Papers / Europainstitut

Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston University / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / The focus of this study was to understand how public school principals perceived their roles changing as a result of the Massachusetts Education Reform Act of 1993 (MERA) and to gain an understanding of the context from Which the changes in the principal's role evolved. The findings provide a basis for policy recommendations directed to the legislature and to policymakers at the state and local levels to ensure that our public schools have capable leaders to lead the Commonwealth's schools through ongoing education reform. There were three major findings of the study: (1) principals embraced the philosophical tenets of MERA and the conceptualization of their role as educational leaders; (2) principals perceived their roles to be more complex in the realm of interactions with constituencies (students, teachers, parents, community, and central office administrators) and in the kinds of tasks they encountered to meet student and program needs stemming from MERA implementation at both the state and local levels; and (3) principals experienced a restrained capacity to lead their schools due to lack of resources for leadership, comprehensive training, and the inability of the organization to modify its structures to meet new MERA governance designs. The findings of this study are clear: since the passage of MERA, principals perceive themselves to be school leaders confronted with complex jobs for which have neither sufficient authority nor sufficient training to effect reform to the level envisioned by MERA architects; even the most experienced among them is having difficulty. The findings further suggest principals need support to implement the ambitious MERA goals and the MERA vision for school reform will not be fully realized until policymakers provide principals with: (1) administrative structures and organizational cultures in which superintendents delegate authority to principals and provide them with the support that the MERA architects envisioned and which is commensurate with their changing and wide-ranging responsibilities; (2) employment conditions which provide contractual support and just cause protection so MERA expectations in the realm of innovation, change, human resource management, and increased student performance at the schoolhouse can be realized; and (3) comprehensive and sustained training programs and professional development opportunities in the areas of educational leadership and administration, instruction, organizational development, human resource management, and legal matters to realize the responsibilities required of their redefined roles. The research design was a qualitative study accomplished through personal interviews with five MERA architects and legislators and thirty principals representing both genders at the elementary, middle, and high school levels in urban and suburban school districts and relevant documents. Analysis of the data indicated that there were no meaningful differences among principals regarding their role change as a result of MERA. / 2031-01-01

The law of copyright will celebrate its tricentennial in thirteen years time. First introduced in England in 1709 in response to the invention of printing, its history has been one of constant development to keep pace with significant changes in technology. In the 1990s, copyright is more topical than ever. The potential for worldwide distribution of multi-media works over the emerging Global Information Infrastructure is the latest challenge facing the copyright system. This situation has prompted ambitious programmes for copyright reform and harmonisation at national level and within the Berne Union and the European Union. It is timely therefore to reexamine the basic justifications for copyright. The first two legislative texts on copyright, the UK Statute of Anne 1709 and the Copyright Clause of the US Constitution 1787, embodied the concept that providing copyright protection for authors for a limited time would encourage and promote learning and progress and thus act for the public good. The thesis explores the underlying principles governing copyright legislation in the light of the proposition that copyright is a just and proper concept, established and developed in the public interest. In recent years, this proposition has been contested in the context of the challenges to the copyright system posed by technical developments. In this debate, the philosophical basis for copyright and its moral and economic functions have been called into question and the public interest has been invoked, not in favour of improved protection for copyright owners, but in favour of free and unfettered access by the public to copyright works. By reexamining these issues, the thesis aims to contribute to the ongoing debate on public policy in relation to copyright reform and harmonisation.