En av de vanligaste hjärtsjukdomarna är arytmier. En normal hjärtrytm uppstår i sinusknutan i hjärtats retledningssystem. Störningar i impulsbildning och/eller impulstransmission framkallar arytmier. Takyarytmier, bradyarytmier, supraventrikulära arytmier och ventrikulära arytmier är olika varianter av arytmi. Det vanligaste symptomet vid arytmi är palpitation men andra symptom som yrsel, synkope, trötthet och oregelbunden rytm förekommer. Oftast används långtids-EKG registrering för att detektera arytmier. Patienterna remitterades från primärvården till avdelningen för Klinisk fysiologi och nuklearmedicin på Lunds universitetssjukhus med frågeställning gällande arytmier. Syftet med studien var att studera om svaren på långtids-EKG undersökningar, avseende remisser från primärvården, svarade på remittentens frågeställning gällande arytmier och för att kartlägga åldersfördelning, könsfördelning samt undersökningens registreringstid. Studien var deskriptiv och inkluderade 168 remisser med dess resultat för de patienterna som remitterades, under oktober 2019, från primärvården till avdelningen för Klinisk fysiologi och nuklearmedicin på Universitetssjukhuset i Lund. I studien inkluderades bara de patienterna som inte hade en tidigare känd arytmidiagnos. Remissgranskningen utfördes under två veckors tid. Resultaten visade att 46 % av remissvaren bekräftade remittentens frågeställning om arytmier, 26 % av remissvaren uteslöt arytmi och 29 % av remissvaren var att arytmi inte kunde uteslutas. Slutsatsen är att knappt en tredjedel av patienterna får ett svar att deras symptom kommer från en arytmi. Studien har också visat att fler kvinnor än män genomgår undersökningen samt att medianåldern är relativt hög. / Arrhythmias are one of the most common heart diseases. A normal heart rhythm is initiated in the sinus node of the cardiac conduction system. Disorders in impulse conformation and/or impulse transmission induce arrhythmia. Tachycardias, bradycardias, supraventricular arrhythmias and ventricular arrhythmias are different forms of arrhythmia. The most common symptom of arrhythmia is palpitation, but other symptoms like dizziness, syncope, fatigue and irregular heart rhythm also occur. Commonly, long-term ECG registration is used to detect arrhythmias. Patients from primary care are referred to the Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine at the Skåne University Hospital in Lund with issues of arrhythmias. The purpose of this study was to examine if the responses of long-term investigations, regarding referrals from primary care, responded to the referrer´s question of arrhythmias and to map the age distribution, gender distribution and the investigation registration time. The study was descriptive and included 168 patients who were referred for long-term ECG, in October 2019, from primary care to the Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine at Skåne University Hospital in Lund. The study included only patients who did not have a previously known arrhythmia diagnosis. Referral examination was performed over two weeks. The results showed that in 46 % of the referrals, the referrer´s question of arrhythmias was confirmed, 26 % of referral responses omitted arrhythmia and 29 % of referral responses that arrhythmia could not be ruled out. The conclusion is that about one-third of all patients received an answer that their symptoms come from an arrhythmia. The present study showed that more women than men undergo the investigation and that the median age is relatively high.

Advanced home care (ASIH) enables the patient to stay at home rather than to stay hospitalized in connection with severe medical conditions, while simultaneously this Thesis demonstrates that this is in fact not completely unproblematic and without risk. This partly because ASIH proves to be a complex form of care with many different kind of collaterally ongoing care contacts and efforts of care and concern, partly since ASIH concurrently can assume an overview over the treatment process and collaboration or cooperation between several treatment agents from different kinds of organizations and/or operations during all hours. This composes a relatively new heterogenetic and multifaceted context of care which to the professional practice means both new and less known problems within patient safety, which substantially can obstruct and rule out both the completion and the implementation of a safe home care. The Thesis is based upon an exploratory case study of problems within patient safety in correlation with an advanced home care, and where the research study has had its starting position in the professional practice with an interactive and qualitative research approach. The case study houses two part studies which show that the patient safety problems can be related to an intermediary and multi-organizational form of care, rather than an single operation. A command and control view upon the problems of patient safety, which the professional practice faces, show that missions within the frame of the care form ASIH can be regarded as either a complicated and not rarely a complex operation consistent with Alberts &amp; Hayes (2007) and Brehmers (2008a; 2009c) terminology and where the assignments includes dynamic decision tasks. The case study reveals that the patient safety problems which concretely can obstruct and rule out the completion or implementation of the assignments in a safe way, can be considered related to the layout of the description of the assignments and also a lack of operative and tactical command and control level (of the handling and care of patients) in correlation with the different sorts of assignments that prevails – coincidentally as there is no suitable organization (forums of cooperation) and no appropriate IT-resources for the liaisons which effectively manages to promote and support the forms of cooperation that the character of the assignments also needs. The implicit system of conduct which comes forth through the analysis indicates that there is a need of improvement in order to enable effective command and control for a safer care, since the form of the system of conduct according to Brehmer´s (2006a,b; 2007a,b; 2008a,b; 2009c, 2010, 2011) model fails to satisfy the needs set by the function of command and control. The conclusion of the case study is that advanced home care should be regarded as an intermediary and multi-organizational care form which includes dynamic decision tasks and character wise complex operations contemplated per patient, thus demanding substantial command and control resources, a new point of view upon management and new auxiliary means of management in order to maintain a safe care during the implementation. The hypothesis which has been crystallized during the conclusions of the case study is that a more effective control and command and appropriate auxiliary means of command and control in real time, concerning primarily the handling of patients at the time of a change in care form, can improve the conditions of work in the professional practice and also result in more patient time, which consequently can be expected to contribute to concept of “Good care” i.g. cost effective, patient safe and dignified care. / <p>QC 20120525</p>