Reproductive behaviour of repatriates from Mongolia and ethnic Kazakhs in Mongolia Abstract Differences and commonalities of reproductive behaviour of repatriates from Mongolia and ethnic Kazakhs currently living in Mongolia are the main focus of the submitted doctoral thesis. The data used in this research were obtained from the own sample survey carried out in the framework of the field research conducted during the summer of 2009. The field research has been supported by Charles University in Prague and the JSC "Center for International programs", an administrator of the Bolashak International Scholarship of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Special attention in the work is paid to behaviour differentials by sex, age, attained educational level, place of residence and actual number of children. The leading intention was to show how migration, through disruption of original social networks and changes in the social environment during the first stage of socialization of the second generation of repatriates, influenced reproductive behaviour of women in particular birth cohorts. Besides, the presented doctoral research tries to answer the questions whether repatriates influence demographic situation in Kazakhstan in required direction by having (traditionally) numerous families or whether they...

<p>This paper investigates formal mechanisms of knowledge transfer and assimilation in Large Cap companies listed on the Nordic Exchange, as well as potential reasons to why formal mechanisms are not used or implemented. The findings, that are consistent with previous research on the subject, indicate that formal mechanisms like reports, seminars, meetings, workshops, IT based systems, and rewards to motivate and stimulate knowledge transfer and assimilation, are in general not used. Investigate potential explanations to why formal mechanisms are not implemented or used are related to the tacit nature of knowledge, the organizational culture and structure, as well as the absence of interest, initiatives and structures.  </p>

This paper investigates formal mechanisms of knowledge transfer and assimilation in Large Cap companies listed on the Nordic Exchange, as well as potential reasons to why formal mechanisms are not used or implemented. The findings, that are consistent with previous research on the subject, indicate that formal mechanisms like reports, seminars, meetings, workshops, IT based systems, and rewards to motivate and stimulate knowledge transfer and assimilation, are in general not used. Investigate potential explanations to why formal mechanisms are not implemented or used are related to the tacit nature of knowledge, the organizational culture and structure, as well as the absence of interest, initiatives and structures.

Made available in DSpace on 2010-04-20T20:14:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 61070100614.pdf: 1078611 bytes, checksum: 191ee9d092334c77245e5af649ecc35f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-27T00:00:00Z / Este trabalho situa-se no campo da gestão internacional de recursos humanos e trata do tema da repatriação de executivos brasileiros. O objetivo desta pesquisa é realizar um levantamento das políticas e práticas de recursos humanos utilizadas por empresas brasileiras internacionalizadas e por empresas multinacionais no processo de repatriação de executivos brasileiros e na retenção desses executivos nas organizações. Como objetivos secundários, a pesquisa visa verificar se as organizações adotam as principais políticas e práticas de recursos humanos apresentadas na literatura e verificar se há diferenças entre as políticas e práticas de recursos humanos adotadas pelas empresas brasileiras internacionalizadas e pelas empresas multinacionais. A metodologia utilizada foi uma abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e analítica, em que 20 entrevistas semi-estruturadas foram realizadas, mais especificamente, 11 entrevistas com responsáveis pela área de expatriação e repatriação de empresas brasileiras internacionalizadas e 9 entrevistas com os responsáveis pela área de expatriação e repatriação de empresas multinacionais. A análise categorial temática foi utilizada como método de análise de conteúdo para interpretação das entrevistas realizadas. Os principais resultados encontrados na pesquisa foram: (i) as empresas que compõem a amostra adotam parte das políticas e práticas de recursos humanos apresentadas na literatura como fatores que auxiliam no sucesso da repatriação de executivos. A maioria das políticas e práticas adotadas está relacionada a políticas adotadas durante a expatriação e que tem impacto positivo na repatriação.e quase nenhuma das políticas e práticas sugeridas pela literatura para a fase de repatriação é adotada; (ii) o sucesso da repatriação, em termos profissionais e a adaptação do repatriado e da família ao país, e a vida social e familiar parecem depender muito mais das características do brasileiro, da conjuntura econômica do país e do esforço pessoal dos repatriados e familiares do que do suporte organizacional; (iii) parece haver poucas diferenças entre as políticas e práticas de recursos humanos adotadas pelas empresas brasileiras e pelas empresas multinacionais. / This is a study in the field of the International Management of Human Resources Management and its subject is the repatriation of Brazilian executives. The objective of this research is to investigate the Human Resources policies and practices used by both Brazilian internationalized and multinational companies in the processes of repatriation of Brazilian executives as well as in the retaining of such professionals in their organizations. As secondary objectives, this research aims to verify if organizations adopt the best human resources policies and practices referred to in the mainstream literature as factors that corroborate to the success of the repatriation and to identify whether there are differences in the human resources policies and practices adopted by the Brazilian internationalized and the multinational companies. The Adopted methodology was based in a qualitative approach, in which 20 semi-structured interviews were conducted with the person in charge of the expatriation and repatriation processes, 11 in Brazilian internationalized and 9 in multinational companies. The analysis by thematic categories was used as the content analysis method for the interpretation of the above mentioned interviews’ results. The main results identified were the following: (I) the studied companies adopt only partially the best human resources policies and practices recommended by the literature as factors that corroborate in the success of executives repatriation. The majority of the adopted policies and practices are related to policies adopted during the expatriation period that have a positive impact in the repatriation. Almost none of the policies and practices suggested by the mainstream literature for the repatriation phase itself is adopted; (II) the success of the repatriation, in both professional terms and regarding the adaptation of the repatriated and his family to the country and its social and family life, seems to depend much more of the characteristics of the expatriated Brazilian himself, of the economic context of the country and of the personal efforts of the repatriated and his family than of his company’s support; and, (III) few differences between the human resources policies and practices adopted by the Brazilian and the multinational companies were found.

L’internationalisation des marchés fait désormais partie intégrante de la réalité du monde des affaires, et de plus en plus d’organisations se retrouvent à étendre leurs activités à travers plusieurs pays. Cela est toujours d’actualité aujourd’hui, alors qu’une très grande proportion d’organisations s’attend à voir leurs mandats à l’international augmenter ou à tout le moins demeurer stable (Brookfield, 2015). Alors que nombreuses études se sont penchées sur l’adaptation des expatriés en terre étrangère (Bhaskar-Shrinivas, Harrison, Shaffer, & Luk, 2004), un nombre nettement moins élevé de chercheurs s’est attardé à l’adaptation de ces individus une fois de retour à la maison. Or, il est de plus en plus admis que plusieurs difficultés peuvent être associées à un retour d’un mandat à l’international. Celles-ci sont d’ailleurs parfois plus élevées que les difficultés vécues à l’international (Forster, 2000). Cette thèse tente donc de pallier cette lacune en examinant, tout d’abord, le rôle de deux antécédents de l'adaptation: la perception du soutien organisationnel (PSO) et la proactivité du rapatrié. Le rôle médiateur de la satisfaction des attentes sera également exploré. Pour ce faire, un total de 125 policiers revenant d’une mission à l’international ont participé à cette étude. En raison d’un nombre considérable de données manquantes pour certaines variables, la méthode d’imputation multiple a été utilisée (m = 5). Deux médiations ont été effectuées afin de tester les hypothèses, et ce, en contrôlant pour le temps écoulé depuis le retour de l’individu. Premièrement, il y a un lien indirect significatif de la PSO sur l’adaptation qui passe par la satisfaction des attentes (b = 0,25, BCa IC [0,11 – 0,40]). Deuxièmement, il y a également un lien indirect significatif de la proactivité sur l’adaptation qui passe par la satisfaction des attentes (b = 0,16, BCa IC [0,01 – 0,32]). Les résultats semblent donc soutenir les deux hypothèses. En d’autres mots, la PSO et la proactivité amèneraient une augmentation de l’adaptation, et ce, en permettant aux rapatriés de se former des attentes plus réalistes face au rapatriement. Nos résultats suggèrent donc qu’autant l’organisation que l’individu auraient un rôle à jouer dans l’adaptation des rapatriés, quoique l’impact de la proactivité de ces derniers paraisse moindre que celui de la PSO. À la lumière de ces résultats, le dernier chapitre abordera quelques pistes d’explications visant à comprendre l’effet plus petit de la proactivité, en plus de discuter plus en profondeur de l’implication théorique et pratique des résultats. Enfin, les limites et pistes de recherches futures de la thèse seront présentées. / Nowadays, internationalisation of markets is a pressing economic reality, bringing many organizations to increasingly choose to extend their activities abroad. This still relevant today as a very large proportion of organizations expect their international assignments to either increase or at least remain stable (Brookfield, 2015). While many studies have examined the adaptation of expatriates (Bhaskar-Shrinivas, Harrison, Shaffer, & Luk, 2004), a much smaller number of researchers have focused on the adaptation of these individuals once they have returned home. However, several difficulties are associated with repatriation and they are often more important than those encountered abroad (Forster, 2000). This thesis attempts to bridge this gap by examining, firstly, the role of two antecedents of adaptation: perceived organizational support (POS) and repatriates’ proactivity and secondly, the mediating role of expectations. To this end, a total of 125 police officers returning from a mission abroad participated in this study. Due to a considerable number of missing data for some variables, the multiple imputation method was used (m = 5). Two mediations were carried out in order to test the hypotheses, controlling for the elapsed time since the return of the repatriate. Our findings indicate that satisfied expectations mediate both the relationship between POS and repatriates’ adaptation (b = 0,25, BCa IC [0,11 - 0,40]) and proactivity and adaptation (b = 0.16, BCa IC [0.01 - 0.32]). The results therefore seem to support both hypotheses. In other words, POS and proactivity lead to increased adaptation by allowing repatriates to develop more realistic expectations of repatriation. This suggests that both the organization and the individual have a role to play in the adaptation of repatriates, although the impact of the latter appears to be less than that of the organization. In light of these findings, the final chapter explores some possible explanations in order to understand the smaller effect of proactivity, and also discusses more extensively the theoretical and practical implications of the results. Finally, limits and avenues for future research are presented.