The master´s thesis analyzes factors impacting on efficiency of sows and mortality of piglets. The data evaluated in this thesis comes from 54 sows and 513 piglets they farrowed. It focuses on impact of particular factors on length of meantime, order of litters, birth weight of piglets, litter size, hybrid combination and individuality of the boar. Longer meantime have shown a trend of increased number of stillborn pigs and higher parity has shown shortening of meantime. Statistically highly demonstrable difference (p < 0,01) can be seen between the sixth and higher litters and the third litter. Statistically demonstrable difference can be seen between the fifth and the third litter (p < 0,05). Higher birth weight has shown decreased losses of piglets. At the same time a negative correlation has been observed between the litter size and the birth weight, resulting in proving a statistically highly demonstrable difference in the number of all born, live born and weaned piglets between the group of the heaviest subjects and the groups of lighter ones. While observing differences in hybrid combinations (CLW x CL) x CLW sire line and (CLW x CL) x D, considerably higher losses of piglets have been observed in the first group and while observing the impact of individual boars, notable differences in weight and losses of young pigs have been observed.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the reproductive performance parametres in sows in selected herd of the years 2010, 2012 and 2013. In the year 2011, the selected herd has been repopulated, therefore the results from this year are not included in this work. There were observed phenotypic levels of selected reproductive parametres, namely the total number of born piglets, the number of live -- born piglets, the number of reared piglets, the comparison among parities. Further, there were evaluated the loss of piglets, lenght of meantime and rate of conception of sows. The obtained results indicate that the best results of the reproductive performance parametres in sows was reached in the year 2013, namely 33.6 pcs of total born piglets/sow/year (14.26 pcs/litter), 30.7 pcs of live -- born piglets/sow/year (13.03 pcs/litter) and 26.4 pcs of reared piglets/sow/year (11.21 pcs/litter). In comparison of parities, the best results were found on the third and subsequent litters, namely 14.76 pcs of total born piglets/litter and 13.64 pcs of live -- born piglets/litter in the year 2012. The highest number of reared piglets was found on the second litter in the year 2013, namely 11.57 pcs/litter. The evaluation of losses of piglets, the highest level of losses of live -- born piglets was found in the year 2013 (14 %). The highest share of losses of piglets from birth to weaning accounted piglets with low birth weight. In selected herd, the measures have been taken to minimize loss of piglets, five percent at least. In the evaluation of lenght of meantime, there was found the shortest length in the year 2012, namely 149.5 days. The best rate of conception of sows was found in the year 2013, namely 94.6 % after the first insemination.

The goal of the thesis was to analyse the reproductive performance of sows at a selected farm during years of 2011 - 2015. As a main performance indicator we picked a number of live born piglets per sow and litter. Average number of born alive piglets per litter was 12.54. Highest average was reached by Large White breed with 12.70 piglets in a single parity. Highest average over observed period occurred in 2012 with 13.07 live born piglets. Most productive month was May with 12.81 piglets per parity.First parity produced least amount of piglets (11.94), this metric increased until 4th litter to 13.11, and since 5th parity the parity number slowly decreased. Sows with a shorter farrowing interval (under 145 days) exhibited slightly lower fertility than sows with a longer interval (12.64 and 12.75 live born piglets/parity respectively), the difference being 0.11 piglets per sow. Measuring the effect of length of weaning-to-conception interval, sows with interval of 5 or less days produced more live-born piglets per parity (12.69) than sows with interval of 6 and more days (12.55). As for effect of gestation length, sows with shorter gestation (114 days or less) farrowed more piglets (13.10) than sows with longer gestation (115 days and more 12.14 piglets). Examining gilts, the ones mated in earlier age (under 8.3 months) had smaller average litter size of 11.80 piglets vs. 12.29 piglets for gilts mated after 8.3 months. For 92.05 % of observed sows, a single mating was sufficient, and these had higher farrowing rate of 12.55 vs. 12.35 for sows requiring repeated mating.

Due to the growing interest in the horse breeding and riding in recent years, the effort in their reproduction is also increasing. The process of equine reproduction leads to the improvement of the horse gene pool and better athletic performance. This is the reason why the artificial insemination methods were introduced besides a natural breeding, and the equine reproduction and the semen collection centers are build, as this biotechnological method requires the necessary equipment for the sampling, the evaluation and the processing of equine semen. The aim of this master's thesis is to compose a summary of information about the necessary requirements for building an equine reproduction center and then develop a project of the specific equine reproduction center for the equestrian complex in Marienbad. The review of literature provides general information about the building approval process, and technical requirements for agricultural buildings. In this part means for maintaining animal hygiene and veterinary measures are described as well as the requirements and minimum standards for horse stables, warehouses for feeding, bedding and paddocks. The next section focused on specific information about the approval process of the construction and the operation of an equine reproduction center, on the sanitary regulations, and the conditions for animal health surveillance and employees. Last but not least, this part of the thesis covers information about the requirements for technical equipment, the requirements for receiving and housing stallions. The majority of information is drawn from the laws and technical standards of the Czech Republic. The following part is focused on the evaluation of the data sources. In this chapter the equestrian center in Marienbad, where the equine reproduction center will be built, is described along with all main activities of the whole complex, information about employees, about all the buildings and equipment and current breeding. These buildings, which will be rebuilt in order to be used for the construction of the equine reproduction center, are described in more detail. The project itself begins with a business plan of the future reproduction center that analyzes an internal and an external business environment. The external environment is analyzed by competitors, suppliers and customers, and the internal environment is analyzed by marketing and HR strategy. Furthermore, the work is focused on the project itself, as all the buildings and parts of the reproductive center are described, for instance sampling room, laboratory, warehouse for insemination doses, stable for stallions, warehouse for feeding, paddocks and more. There is also a proposal for the necessary equipment and the economic evaluation of the reproductive center.

This paper is aimed at investigation of numbers of broods and ducklings of diving ducks and the individual reproductive success of marked females expressed by survival of ducklings. The studied area was located in fishpond systems of South Bohemian in the region of Třeboň, Soběslav, Jindřichův Hradec and České Budějovice. Between years 2014 and 2015, there were recorded 139 broods and 963 ducklings of Common Pochard (Aythya ferina), 140 broods and 948 ducklings of Tufted Duck (Aythya fuligula) and 47 broods and 312 ducklings of Red-crested Pochard (Netta rufina). The most important environmental factor influencing their occurrence on the fishpond was water transparency. Brood numbers and numbers of ducklings are affected also by other environmental characteristics, such as water surface area, mean depth, number of islands and presence of surrounding wetlands and open landscape. Monitoring individually marked females Common Pochard and Tufted Duck was carried out between years 2004 and 2015. It was found that the survival rate is the lowest in the hatchlings (from 1 to 10 day after hatching), overall survival probability was 0.395 for Common Pochard ducklings and 0.383 for Tufted Duck ducklings. Survival was negatively correlated with distance of duckling movements. The most frequent movements were within 2 km from the breeding fishpond, the maximum distance passed by broods was 5 km. The impact of environmental factors and intraspecific differences on surviving ducklings was not confirmed.

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