Modern embedded systems---autonomous vehicle-to-vehicle communication, smart cities, and military Joint All-Domain Operations---feature increasingly heterogeneous distributed components. As a result, existing communication methods, tightly coupled with specific networking layers and individual applications, can no longer balance the flexibility of modern data distribution with the traditional constraints of embedded systems. To address this problem, the investigation herein presents a domain-specific language, designed around the Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture, most famously used on the web. Our language, called the Communication Language for Embedded Systems (CLES), supports both traditional point-to-point data communication and management and allocation of decentralized distributed processing tasks. To meet the traditional constraints of embedded execution, CLES' novel runtime allocates processing tasks across a heterogeneous network of embedded devices, overcoming limitations from other modern distribution methods: centralized task management and limited operating system integration. CLES was evaluated with performance micro-benchmarks, implementation of distributed stochastic gradient descent, and application to the design of versatile stateless services for vehicle-to-vehicle communication and military Joint All-Domain Command and Control (JDAC). From this evaluation, it was determined that CLES meets the data distribution needs of realistic cyber-physical embedded systems. / Master of Science / As computers become smaller, cheaper, more powerful, and energy efficient, they are increasingly used in cyber-physical systems such as planes, trains, and automobiles, as well as large-scale networks such as power plants and smart cities. The field of embedded computing is facing new challenges involving the communication and coordination of large numbers of different devices. Some of the software challenges within embedded device communications are: flexibility both in ability to run on different devices and use different communication links such as cellular, Wi-Fi, or Bluetooth, performance constraints of low-power embedded devices, latency and reliability to ensure safe operations, and the schedule and cost of development. To address these challenges, this thesis presents a new programming language, designed around the Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture, most famously used in HTTP to drive the web. Our language, called the Communication Language for Embedded Systems (CLES), supports both traditional point-to-point data communication designed to prioritize latency and reliability, as well as a standalone application or runtime that can be run on an embedded device to accept requests for processing tasks. CLES and its supporting Software Development Kit (SDK) is designed to allow for quick and cost effective development of flexible low-latency device to device communications and large scale distributed processing on embedded devices.

Master of Science / Department of Computing and Information Sciences / Daniel Andresen / Web services have expanded to become popular in application development. Web services technology represents an important way of communication between different applications across different platforms. Unlike traditional client/server models, such as a Web application or Web page system, Web services do not provide the user with a GUI. Instead, Web services share business logic, functionality and data through a programmatic interface across a network. Web services are services or functionalities that are exposed to the internet and serves as online or web APIs. These services which are online APIs can be called from your code and use the results in your applications to offer specific functionality to users. This project consists of two applications the client and the server application. The server application is an online REST API (Web Services developed using REpresentational State Transfer (REST) protocol) which provides all the functionalities as a service across the network that are required to develop a social networking web application. The client application is similar to any other social networking web application where you can create a profile, delete profile, send messages to your friends, post things, like and comment a post. This applications sends request to the server application using HTTP requests and get the responses. These responses are then consumed in the application to provide the required functionalities to the end user.

Master of Science / Department of Computer Science / Mitchell L. Neilsen / Finding jobs that best suits the interests and skill set is quite a challenging task for the job seekers. The difficulties arise from not having proper knowledge on the organization’s objective, their work culture and current job openings. In addition, finding the right candidate with desired qualifications to fill their current job openings is an important task for the recruiters of any organization. Online Job Search Portals have certainly made job seeking convenient on both sides. Job Portal is the solution where recruiter as well as the job seeker meet aiming at fulfilling their individual requirement. They are the cheapest as well as the fastest source of communication reaching wide range of audience on just a single click irrespective of their geographical distance. The web application “Job Search Portal” provides an easy and convenient search application for the job seekers to find their desired jobs and for the recruiters to find the right candidate. Job seekers from any background can search for the current job openings. Job seekers can register with the application and update their details and skill set. They can search for available jobs and apply to their desired positions. Android, being open source has already made its mark in the mobile application development. To make things handy, the user functionalities are developed as an Android application. Employer can register with the application and posts their current openings. They can view the Job applicants and can screen them according to the best fit. Users can provide a review about an organization and share their interview experience, which can be viewed by the Employers.

The growing popularity of mobile platforms is changing the Internet user’s computing experience. Current studies suggest that the traditional ubiquitous computing landscape is shifting towards more enhanced and broader mobile computing platform consists of large number of heterogeneous devices. Smartphones and tablets begin to replace the desktop as the primary means of interacting with IT resources. While mobile devices facilitate in consuming web resources in the form of web services, the growing demand for consuming services on mobile device is introducing a complex ecosystem in the mobile environment. This research addresses the communication challenges involved in mobile distributed networks and proposes an event-driven communication approach for information dissemination. This research investigates different communication techniques such as synchronous and asynchronous polling and long-polling, server-side push as mechanisms between client-server interactions and the latest web technologies namely HTML5 standard WebSocket as communication protocol within a publish/subscribe paradigm. Finally, this research introduces and evaluates a framework that is hybrid of REST and event-based publish/subscribe for operating in the mobile environment.

RESTful Web Services are gaining increasing attention from both the service and the Web communities. The rising number of services being implemented and made available on the Web is creating a demand for modelling techniques that can abstract REST design from the implementation in order better to specify, analyse and implement large-scale RESTful Web systems. It can also help by providing suitable RESTful Web Service composition methods which can reduce costs by effi ciently re-using the large number of services that are already available and by exploiting existing services for complex business purposes. This research considers RESTful Web Services as state transition systems and proposes a novel Linear Logic based approach, the first of its kind, for both the modelling and the composition of RESTful Web Services. The thesis demonstrates the capabilities of resource-sensitive Linear Logic for modelling five key REST constraints and proposes a two-stage approach to service composition involving Linear Logic theorem proving and proof-as-process based on the π-calculus. Whereas previous approaches have focused on each aspect of the composition of RESTful Web Services individually (e.g. execution or high-level modelling), this work bridges the gap between abstract formal modelling and application-level execution in an efficient and effective way. The approach not only ensures the completeness and correctness of the resulting composed services but also produces their process models naturally, providing the possibility to translate them into executable business languages. Furthermore, the research encodes the proposed modelling and composition method into the Coq proof assistant, which enables both the Linear Logic theorem proving and the π-calculus extraction to be conducted semi-automatically. The feasibility and versatility studies performed in two disparate user scenarios (shopping and biomedical service composition) show that the proposed method provides a good level of scalability when the numbers of services and resources grow.

Detta arbete är utfört i syfte att undersöka tillämpningar bäst lämpade för implementationer av plattformsoberoende RESTful webbtjänster med fokus på användarautentisering och skalbarhet. Arbetets resultat gällande användarautentisering menar till att problematisera det allmänt sedda tvånget av en kommunikation bestående av fler än två parter samt menar att en resursförfrågan, för användaren, först blir säker då kommunikationen bryter mot REST och statelessness. Arbetets resultat gällande skalbarhet menar till att ifrågasätta den allmänna bilden av en applikations resurs samt menar att bildandet av ett släktskap, The Resource Kinship, möjliggör för en förenklad filtrering av resursers representation och en strukturerad uppbyggnad av resursers indelning och adressering. / The intention of this dissertation is to examine implementation best practices for cross-platform RESTful web services with a focus on user authentication and scalability. The result in terms of user authentication is meant to problematize the common principle of constraint that is that communication should be made between more than two parties and also mean that the users resource request never is secure until the communication breaks the of REST required terms of statelessness. The result in terms of user scalability is meant to question the common view of application resources and mean that the establishment of The Resource Kinship enables a simplified filtering of resource representation and a structured way of organization for resource data sets and addressing.

Advanced computer technologies can transform the traditional electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring system for better efficiency and accuracy. ECG records a heart's electrical activity using electrodes placed on the skin, and it has become an essential tool for arrhythmia detection. The complexity comes from the variety of patients' heartbeats and massive amounts of information for humans to process correctly. The first part of the thesis presents an image based two-dimensional convolution neural network (CNN) to classify the arrhythmia heartbeats with inter-patient paradigm. It includes a new data pre-processing method. The inter-patient paradigm simulates the practical use case of an ECG heartbeat classifier. Compared to the reported work in the literature, the proposed solution achieves superior experiment results. The rest of the thesis introduces the remote ECG monitoring system. The RESTful API design concepts of the system are described. The proposed API supports an efficient and secure way of interaction between each module in this remote monitoring system. / Graduate

I dagsläget när studenter från Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH) ska genomföra en examensarbetspresentation ska det finnas aktiva lyssnare på plats. Aktiva lyssnare är andra studenter som också utför examensarbeten och som lyssnar på presentationen och ställer frågor. Detta är ett obligatoriskt moment som alla studenter genomför under sina examensarbeten. Problemet med detta moment är att det inte genomförs på ett smidigt sätt, för att få sitt deltagande godkänt får man en underskrift på ett papper av examinatorn på plats som bevis på delaktighet. Skulle detta papper tappas bort finns inga bevis på delaktighet. I detta examensarbete ska närvaroprocessen göras smidigare, både för studenter och för examinatorer, med hjälp av digitalisering. Som student ska det vara enkelt att ställa frågor till presentatören, dessa frågor kommer vara en del av grunden för närvarokontrollen. För examinatorer ska närvarokontrollen av aktiv lyssnare deltagandet förenklas. Med hjälp av lärplattformen Canvas, som KTH använder sig av, ska det bli lättare för examinatorer att ta närvaro på studenter. Studenter ska med hjälp av en gruppfunktion i Canvas kunna välja vilken presentation de vill delta i genom att gå med i en grupp som representerar en vald presentationen. Canvas har också en diskussionsfunktion som gör det möjligt för aktiva lyssnare att ställa sina frågor om presentationen, frågorna kommer sedan vara ett underlägg för närvaro och deltagande under presentationen. Canvas kan med sitt applikationsprogrammeringsgränssnitt användas med programmeringsspråket Ruby, vilket är tänkta ska användas, för att digitalisera och förenkla aktiv lyssnare processen. Detta projekt har tagit fram en process som endast använder Canvas för bevis på närvaro och delaktighet som aktiv lyssnare under en presentation. Som aktiv lyssnare behöver man endast gå med i en grupp som representerar en presentation och publicera en fråga i en diskussionstråd i gruppen för att få delmomentet godkänt. Med denna process behöver varken studenter eller examinatorer hantera osmidigt pappersarbete. Resultatet är fullt fungerande och har testats på en fiktiv Canvasdomän och skulle i teorin kunna användas på KTH. / In today’s degree project presentations at the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH), there must be active listeners on site. Active listeners are other students who are also doing degree projects. They listen to the presentation and ask questions to the presenter. This is a mandatory assignment for every degree project student. The problem with this assignment is that the process of getting once attendance approved is implemented in an old-fashioned way, a signature from the examiner on site on a piece of paper is the only proof of participation. If the piece of paper is lost a student has no proof of participation. In this thesis the attendance process for active listeners will be improved both for students and examiners with the help of digitalization. As a student it should be easy to ask your questions to the presenter, these questions will then be a part of the attendance. As an examiner the attendance and active listening participation will be made easier to document and record. With the help of the learning management system Canvas, which KTH uses, attendance control for examiners will be made easier. Students will with the help of a group function in Canvas be able to choose which presentation they want to attend to by joining a group which represents a chosen presentation. With the help of a discussion function in Canvas, active listeners will post their questions to the presenter, the questions will then be used as a proof of attendance and participation during the presentation. With its application programming interface, Canvas can be used with the programming language Ruby, which is intended to be used to digitalize and simplify the active listening process. This project has developed a process that only uses Canvas for proof of presence and participation as an active listener. As an active listener, you only need to join a group representing a presentation and post a question in a discussion thread in said group to pass the assignment. With this process neither students nor examiners need to handle clumsy paperwork. The results are fully functional and have been tested against a custom Canvas domain and could in theory be used at KTH.

As the era of digitalization dawns, the need to integrate separate silos into a synchronized connected system is becoming of ever greater significance. This thesis focuses on the Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) and the Digitala vetenskapliga arkive (DiVA) as examples of separate silos. The thesis presents several methods of automating document handling associated with a degree project. It exploits the fact that students will submit their thesis to their examiner via Canvas. Canvas is the LMS platform used by students to submit all their coursework. When the examiner approves the thesis, it will be archived in DiVA and optionally published on DiVA. DiVA is an institutional repository used for research publications and student theses. When manually archiving and publishing student theses on DiVA several fields need to be filled in. These fields provide meta data for the thesis itself. The content of these fields (author, title, keywords, abstract, …) can be used when searching via the DiVA portal. It might not seem like a massive task to enter this meta data for an individual thesis; however, given the number of theses that are submitted every year, this process takes a large amount of time and effort. Moreover, it is important to enter this data correctly, which is difficult when manually doing this task. Therefore, this thesis project seeks to automate this process for future theses. The proposed solution parses PDF documents and uses information from the LMS in order to automatically generate a cover for the thesis and fill in the required DiVA meta data. Additionally, information for inserting an announcement of the student's oral thesis presentation into a calendar system will be provided. Moreover, the data in each case will be checked for correctness and consistency. Manually filling in DiVA fields in order to publish theses has been a quite demanding and time-consuming process. Thus, there is often a delay before a thesis is published on DiVA. Therefore, this thesis project’s goal is to provide KTH with an automated means to handle thesis archiving and publication on DiVA, while doing so more efficiently, and with fewer errors. The correctness of the extracted meta data will be evaluated by comparing the results to the previously entered meta data for theses that have previously been achieved in DiVA. The automated process has been calculated to take roughly 50 seconds to prepare the information needed to publish a thesis to DiVA with ~71% accuracy, compared with 1 hour and 34% accuracy in the previous manual method. / När digitaliseringens tid uppstår, så blir behovet av att integrera separata silor i ett synkroniserat anslutet system större. Denna avhandling fokuserar på Canvas Learning Management System (LMS) och Digitala vetenskapliga arkivet (DiVA) som är exempel på separata silor. Avhandlingen presenterar flera metoder för automatisering av dokumenthantering för examensarbeten. Projektet utnyttjar det faktum att eleverna kommer att skicka sin avhandling till sin examinator via Canvas. Canvas är den LMS-plattform som används av eleverna för att lämna in sitt kursarbete. När examinatorn godkänner avhandlingen kommer den att arkiveras i DiVA och eventuellt publiceras på DiVA. DiVA är ett institutionellt arkiv som används för forskningspublikationer och studentavhandlingar. När man manuellt arkiverar och publicerar studentuppsatser på DiVA måste flera fält fyllas i. Dessa fält ger metadata för själva avhandlingen. Innehållet i dessa fält (författare, titel, nyckelord, abstrakt, ...) kan användas vid sökning via DiVA-portalen. Även om det inte är en stor uppgift att skriva in denna metadata för en individuell uppsats så blir det en mycket tidskrävande process för många examensarbeten. Dessutom är det viktigt att ange dessa uppgifter korrekt, vilket är svårt när man manuellt utför den här uppgiften. Därför syftar detta avhandlingsprojekt till att automatisera denna process för framtida avhandlingar. Lösningen som presenteras i denna avhandling kommer att analysera PDF-dokument och använda annan information från LMS för att automatiskt skapa en fram- och baksida för avhandlingen och fylla i de nödvändiga DiVA-metadata. Grunden för införandet av denna data i ett kalendersystem för att ge ett meddelande om studentens presentation kommer också att ges. Dessutom kontrolleras uppgifterna för korrekthet. Manuell fyllning av DiVA-fält för att publicera avhandlingar har varit en ganska arbetsam och tidskrävande process. Således är det ofta en fördröjning innan en avhandling publiceras på DiVA. Därför ska detta projektet ge KTH ett automatiserat system att hantera avhandlingar och publicering på DiVA, samtidigt som det gör det mer effektivt och med färre fel. Korrektheten hos de extraherade metadatan kommer att utvärderas genom att jämföra resultaten med de tidigare inmatade metadatan för examensarbeten som redan ligger uppe på DiVA.  Den automatiska processen tar ungefär 50 sekunder att förbereda information för att publicera en avhandling till DiVA med ~ 71% noggrannhet jämfört med 1 timme och 34% noggrannhet i tidigare manuell metod.

A Engenharia de Software tem desenvolvido técnicas e métodos para apoiar o desenvolvimento de software confiável, flexível, com baixo custo de desenvolvimento e fácil manutenção. A avaliação da manutenibilidade contribui para fornecer meios para produzir software com alta qualidade. Este trabalho apresenta um experimento controlado para avaliar a manutenibilidade entre as abordagens de web services: RESTful e SOAP-WSDL. Esta avaliação foi conduzida usando 3 programas implementados na linguagem de programação Java e com a mesma arquitetura. Com base na arquitetura projetada, os web services desenvolvidos foram utilizados como objetos em estudos de caso, possibilitando avaliar e comparar a sua manutenibilidade. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram relações entre as informações sobre o custo e a qualidade dos serviços web, que contribuíram para esclarecer os critérios para a obtenção de uma boa relação entre o custo da manutenção e a evolução dos serviços web. Para concluir, os resultados indica que os web services RESTful são mais manuteníveis do lado do servidor, e os web services SOAP-WSDL são mais manuteníveis do lado do cliente. Os estudos realizados no experimento controlado são promissores e podem auxiliar na redução de custo na manutenção dos serviços web, melhorando dessa forma a qualidade do software no geral / Software Engineering has developed techniques and methods to support the development of reliable software, exible, low development cost and easy maintenance. The evaluation of maintainability contributes in this direction, providing the means to produce software with high quality. This paper presents an controlled experiment to evaluate the maintainability between the approaches of web services: RESTful and SOAP-WSDL. This evaluation was conducted using four programs implemented in the Java programming language, using the same architecture. Based on the designed architecture, Web services were developed as objects used in case studies, allowing to evaluate and compare its maintainability. The results showed relationships between the information on the cost and quality of web services, which contributed to clarify the criteria for obtaining a good relationship between the cost of maintenance and evolution of web services. In conclusion, the results indicate the RESTful web services are more maintainable server side in contrast to the SOAP-WSDL web services are more maintainable client side. Studies in controlled experiments are promising and may help reduce the maintenance cost of web services, thus improving overall software quality