Submitted by Ubirajara Cruz (ubirajara.cruz@gmail.com) on 2017-05-05T16:19:59Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Ana_Coelho_Resumo.pdf: 90160 bytes, checksum: 6cf246cb235e638b3225341ae0a27627 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-05-05T17:11:40Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Ana_Coelho_Resumo.pdf: 90160 bytes, checksum: 6cf246cb235e638b3225341ae0a27627 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-05T17:11:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_Ana_Coelho_Resumo.pdf: 90160 bytes, checksum: 6cf246cb235e638b3225341ae0a27627 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-27 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Com o objetivo de determinar as principais enfermidades de suínos que ocorrem na região Sul do Rio Grande do Sul foi realizado um estudo retrospectivo revisando-se os protocolos de necropsia do Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico da Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal de Pelotas em um período de 35 anos. O levantamento determinou que os suínos na zona sul do Estado são criados de forma extensiva, com pouca tecnologia e manejo sanitário deficiente e que a média de suínos criados por propriedade varia de 4 a 11. As doenças bacterianas totalizaram 142 casos (28,63%); as doenças virais totalizaram 26 casos (5,24%); as doenças parasitárias foram observadas em 19 oportunidades (3,83%); as doenças carenciais totalizaram 10 casos (2,02%); as intoxicações e micotoxicoses juntas totalizaram, também, 10 casos (2,02%); e, as doenças metabólicas foram observadas apenas em uma oportunidade (0,20%). As condições diversas/doenças de etiologia indeterminada representaram 204 casos (41,13%); e, os diagnósticos inconclusivos totalizaram 84 casos (16,94%). Foi observado que embora este estudo tenha sido conduzido em uma região sem tradição de criação de suínos, com propriedades voltadas a pequenas criações familiares a morbidade, mortalidade e letalidade da maioria das doenças diagnosticadas tiveram percentuais relativamente elevados. As enfermidades mais frequentes foram as que em geral dependem de cuidados higiênico-sanitários como a maioria das doenças bacterianas, destacando-se as enfermidades causadas por Eschericha coli, sendo a doença do edema a mais frequentemente diagnosticada. Foi possível concluir que mesmo em criações de suínos em pequena escala, com pouca tecnificação, estes cuidados higiênico-sanitários são necessários para diminuir prejuízos econômicos, melhorando assim a produtividade e consequentemente a renda familiar dos criadores. / With the purpose to determine swine diseases that occur in the southern Rio Grande do Sul a retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the necropsy protocols of the Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico of the Faculdade de Veterinária of the Universidade Federal de Pelotas in a period of 35 years. The survey determined that swine in the southern region of the state are created extensively with low technology and poor sanitary management. The average swine per farm ranges 4-11.Bacterial diseases accounted for 142 cases (28.63%); viral diseases accounted for 26 cases (5.24%); parasitic diseases were observed in 19 opportunities (3.83%); deficiency diseases totaled 10 cases (2.02%); poisonings and mycotoxicosis together also totaled 10 cases (2.02%); and metabolic disorders were observed in only one opportunity (0.20%). The various conditions/diseases of unknown etiology accounted for 204 cases (41.13%); and inconclusive diagnoses totaled 84 cases (16.94%).It was noted that although this study was conducted in a region with no tradition of swine breeding with farms with small flocks, the morbidity, mortality and lethality rates of the most diagnosed diseases had relatively high percentages. The most common diseases were those that generally depend on hygiene-sanitary care as most bacterial diseases, especially those caused by Eschericha coli, of which the edema disease was the most often diagnosed. It was concluded that even in swine breeding on a small scale and little technification, these hygienic-sanitary care are needed to reduce economic losses, there by improving productivity and hence household income of creators.

Introdução: Informações de vida real relativas ao tratamento da hepatite C crônica com interferon peguilado (Peg-IFN) e ribavirina (RBV) servem para mensurar sua efetividade nos anos em que o seu uso foi amplamente difundido, além de auxiliar em tomada de decisões futuras. Objetivos: Avaliar a taxa de resposta virológica sustentada (RVS) nos pacientes com hepatite C crônica tratados com Peg-IFN e RBV, fora de protocolos de pesquisa. Determinar os fatores associados à obtenção de RVS, frequência e causas de interrupção precoce do tratamento e de redução ou interrupção temporária dos medicamentos. Métodos: Estudo observacional retrospectivo de uma coorte de pacientes de dois ambulatórios de um centro de referência brasileiro localizado em São Paulo/SP. Resultados: Dos 440 indivíduos analisados, 182 apresentaram RVS (prevalência: 41,4% [IC95%: 36,7 - 46,1]). A RVS ocorreu em 33,5% (104/310) dos pacientes com genótipo 1 e em 53,8% (7/13) e 60,5% (69/114) daqueles com genótipos 2 e 3, respectivamente. Após análise multivariada, a RVS esteve positiva e independentemente associada à presença dos genótipos 2 ou 3 (p < 0,001), ausência de esteatose (p = 0,025) e de tratamento prévio (p = 0,038). Os eventos adversos mais frequentemente relacionados à redução de dose ou suspensão temporária de Peg-IFN ou RBV foram anemia (15,6%) e plaquetopenia (3,9%). Dos eventos adversos que levaram 79 (18%) pacientes a interromper o tratamento precocemente, distúrbios psiquiátricos (15,1%) e anemia (13,9%) foram os mais frequentes. Conclusões: A taxa de RVS foi semelhante àquela obtida em outros estudos de vida real. A RVS esteve independentemente associada à: presença dos genótipos 2 ou 3, ausência de esteatose e ausência de tratamento prévio. As principais causas de redução de dose dos medicamentos foram anemia e plaquetopenia e de interrupção precoce do tratamento, desordens psiquiátricas, e citopenias / Introduction: The association of pegylated interferon (Peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) was considered a first line treatment for chronic hepatitis C during the past decade. Routine clinical practice information and real-life treatment outcomes can guide future therapeutic strategies for this group of patients. Objectives: The main objective of our study was to determine the sustained virological response (SVR) rate under current clinical practice. The secondary objectives were: 1- to investigate the factors that before or during treatment could predict SVR 2- to identify the causes of treatment interruption. Method: This cross-sectional study enrolled hepatitis C patients treated with Peg-IFN and RBV in a tertiary outpatient clinic setting. Data were collected retrospectively on patients treated for hepatitis C. Demographics, treatment outcomes and potential predictors of outcome were recorded. Results: Among the 440 analyzed patients 182 achieved SVR (prevalence: 41.4% [95% CI: 36.7 to 46.1]). On an intention-to-treat basis, SVR rates were 33.5% (104/310), 53.8% (7/13) and 60.5% (69/114) in genotypes 1, 2 and 3 respectively. After multivariate analysis, SVR was independently associated with presence of genotypes 2 or 3 (p < 0.001), no hepatic steatosis (p=0.025) and absence of prior treatment (p = 0.038). Anemia (15.6%) and thrombocytopenia (3.9%) were the most frequent causes of treatment dose reduction. Among the adverse events that led 79 patients into treatment discontinuation, the most frequent were psychiatric complications (15.1%) and anemia (13.9%). Conclusion: In our cohort, the treatment success rate (SVR) was similar to that observed in other in real-life setting studies. The SVR was independently associated with: presence of genotypes 2 or 3, no hepatic steatosis and absence of prior treatment. Psychiatric disorders and anemia were the main causes of premature treatment discontinuation

O objetivo deste estudo foi caracterizar as doenças dos gatos domésticos pertencentes à casuística do Serviço de Patologia Animal do Departamento de Patologia da FMVZ/USP entre janeiro de 1998 e dezembro de 2008. Foram identificados e analisados os dados de 634 exames necroscópicos e 585 exames histopatológicos. Os dados escolhidos para o presente estudo foram: número de registro (exame histopatológico/exame necroscópico), data de entrada, idade, sexo, raça, coloração da pelagem, local da lesão, diagnóstico e no caso do exame necroscópico, causa mortis e moléstia principal. Foram elaborados dois bancos de dados, sendo um para exame histopatológico e outro para exame necroscópico, utilizando-se o programa Excel®. Salienta-se que não foi realizada a revisão de lâminas. As doenças foram classificadas em infecciosas, inflamatórias, neoplásicas e outros processos (hipertrofias, hiperplasias, displasias). Além disso, as doenças foram relacionadas a faixa etária, sexo, raça e coloração de pelagem, nos casos em que havia dados suficientes, foi abordada a relação entre causa mortis e moléstia principal. O presente estudo revelou que a maior causa de mortalidade em gatos domésticos são as complicações cardio-respiratórias, provenientes principalmente de intoxicações exógenas por carbamatos e por peritonite infecciosa felina, afetando principalmente animais até 24 meses em ambos os casos. Os processos inflamatórios no presente estudo apresentam mais características de caráter crônico. A análise das neoplasias revelou que os gatos tendem a apresentar neoplasias de comportamento maligno e de origem epitelial. Além disso, verificou-se que as fêmeas são as mais acometidas por neoplasias, com exceção do linfoma e do fibrossarcoma. A análise das faixas etárias mostrou que estes animais são mais velhos, embora haja animais jovens apresentando processos neoplásicos, o que também ocorreu na análise de dados nos quais havia mais de um tecido do mesmo animal para avaliação histopatológica. Tanto nas neoplasias, nos processos inflamatórios e outros processos houve maior frequência de afecções cutâneas, explicado sobretudo pela facilidade de acesso e de visualização. / The aim of this study was to characterize the diseases of domestic cats of the casuistry of the Veterinary Pathology Service from the Department of Pathology - FMVZ/USP between January of 1998 and December of 2008. It was analyzed data from 634 necroscopic examinations and 585 histopathological submissions. The analysis of the following data was performed: register number (histopathological submissions/necroscopic examination), date of entry, age, gender, breed, color of hair, localization of lesion, diagnosis, and for necropsies, data about causa mortis and necropsy findings. Two databases were organized by utilizing the software Excel®. The glass slides were not reviewed. The diseases were classified as infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic and other diagnosis (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, dysplasia). Moreover, diseases were related to age group, gender, breed, color of hair, and it was established the relationship between causa mortis and necropsy findings. The major cause of death of domestic cats was cardiorrespiratory arrest due to poisoning by carbamate and feline infectious peritonitis, both affecting animals until 24 months in both cases. The most frequent inflammatory processes in this study presented chronic features. The analysis of neoplastic diseases revealed that cats are prone to present neoplasms with epithelial origin and malign features, affecting mainly females, by the exception of lymphoma and fibrosarcoma. The analysis of age group has shown that those animals were older, although there was a low frequency of younger animals presenting neoplastic diseases. Both in inflammatory and neoplastic diseases, lesions in the skin were more frequent, which was explained by the easier visualization and access of this organ.

<p>Cilj istraţivanja je bio da ispita efekte opaţenog iskustva disciplinovanja, na uverenja o disciplinovanju dece u mlaĊem odraslom dobu, kao i ulogu uslova i naĉina na koji je roditeljska disciplina sprovoĊena, u relacionom odnosu iskustva i aktuelnih uverenja o disciplinovanju. Iskustva disciplinovanja iz detinjstva su operacionalizovana preko &scaron;irokog spektra roditeljske korektivne discipline, tj. kaţnjavajućih i nekaţnjavajućih postupaka prilikom korigovanja neprimerenih pona&scaron;anja dece. Pored roditeljske disciplinske prakse, okolnosti disciplinovanja su operacionalizovane i preko uslova u okviru kojih je sprovoĊena disciplina (emocionalna klima, partnerski<br />iii<br />konflikti, neefikasnost u disciplinovanju) i naĉina na koji su roditelji korigovali pona&scaron;anja dece (toplina i doslednost, fleksibilnost, taktiĉnost/impulsivnost). Uverenja o disciplinovanju su operacionalizovana preko dimenzija pozitivne discipline, kaţnjavajuće discipline, te disciplinovanja uskraćivanjem ljubavi i agresivno&scaron;ću.<br />U uzorak istraţivanja je ukljuĉeno 276 studenata Univerziteta u Novom Sadu, pri ĉemu je broj studentkinja bio ne&scaron;to veći i iznosi 55%. Od ukupog broja, 79% ispitanika je odraslo sa oba roditelja, a 64% se izjasnilo da potiĉe iz porodice proseĉnog materijalnog statusa. Najveći broj roditelja ima srednji nivo obrazovanja (majke 64%, oĉevi 68%).<br />Prilikom prikupljanja podataka kori&scaron;ćena je testovna baterija, Inventar dimenzija disciplinovanja - forma za odrasle (Dimensions of Discipline Inventory Adult-recall form - DDI A), ĉiji su autori Straus i Fauchier (2007). Pored procene disciplinskih postupaka roditelja, DDI A omogućava procenu uslova i naĉina koji su bili dominantni u tim situacijama, a vezani su za period detinjstva, kada su ispitanici imali 10 godina, tako da su dobijeni podaci retrospektivne prirode. TakoĊe, bateriju saĉinjava i skala kognitivne procene korektivnih postupaka roditelja prema deci (uverenja o disciplinovanju), te skala sociodemografskih podataka. Kako je DDI A inventar kod nas prvi put upotrebljen upravo za potrebe ovog istraţivanja, pored prevoda instrumenta, sprovedena je i provera strukture i psihometrijskih karakteristika. Rezultati faktorske analize ukazuju na manje stabilnu strukturu instrumenta na domaćem uzorku, u odnosu na originalna istraţivanja, &scaron;to se moţe pripisati kulturolo&scaron;kim specifiĉnostima roditeljskog disciplinovanja. Psihometrijske karakteristike svih skala u inventaru su zadovoljavajuće.</p><p>Proverom hipotetskog modela, utvrĊeni su direktni efekti koje demografske karakteristike i iskustvo disciplinovanja ostvaruju na uverenja o disciplinovanju mladih odraslih, a pored toga, utvrĊeni su i moderatorski efekti disciplinskih okolnosti na aktuelna uverenja o kaţnjavajućoj disciplini. Znaĉajne interakcije su utvrĊene za disciplinsko pona&scaron;anje oĉeva (stroga i restriktivna disciplina) i majki (suoĉavanje sa posledicama neprimerenih pona&scaron;anja, fiziĉka i psiholo&scaron;ka agresivnost), u odnosu na specifiĉne uslove (partnerski konflikti) i naĉine (taktiĉnost/impulsivnost) disciplinovanja. Rezultati su diskutovani u svetlu teorije socijalnog uĉenja, u smislu potvrde efekata neposrednog iskustva disciplinovanja na uverenja o disciplinovanju u mlaĊem odraslom dobu, kao i potvrde znaĉaja disciplinskih okolnosti, tj. specifiĉnih uslova i naĉina na koji je disciplinovanje sprovoĊeno. Pored toga, razmatrane su i praktiĉne implikacije rezultata istraţivanja u kontekstu aktuelne izmene zakonske regulative, vezane za mogućnost uvoĊenja zabrane fiziĉkog kaţnjavanja, kao i<br />v<br />znaĉaja kulturolo&scaron;kih karakteristika disciplinovanja u planiranju i sprovoĊenju izmena roditeljske disciplinske prakse.</p> / <p>The aim of the research was to examine the observed effects of early discipline experiences in relation with the parents on beliefs on disciplining of young adults, as well as to examine the role of context in which parental discipline is conducted. The experiences of discipline in childhood were operationalised through a wide spectrum of parental correctional discipline i.e. punitive and non-punitive acts which are used while correcting child&lsquo;s misbehavior.<br />Besides disciplinary behavior practice of a parent, the discipline settings were operationalised through the context under which the discipline is conducted (emotional climate, relationship conflicts, discipline inefficiency) and the modes parents used in order to correct their children&lsquo;s behaviour (affection, consistency, flexibility, tactfulness, impulsiveness). The discipline beliefs were operationalised through positive discipline, punitive discipline as well as disciplining by love withdrawal and aggression.</p><p>The sample consists of 276 students from the University of Novi Sad. The number of female students was slightly higher and amounts to 55% of the total students. 79% of the students grew up in the families with both parents, and 64% claimed to have belonged to middle class families. The majority of their parents had secondary education (64% of mothers, 68% of fathers).<br />In the process of data collecting, the test battery -Dimensions of Discipline Inventory Adult recall form &ndash; DDI A, whose authors are Straus and Fauchier (2007), was used. Besides parent discipline behaviour evaluation, DDI A enables the evaluation of the dominant context and modes, related to childhood period when the interviewees were 10 years old. Therefore, the data gathered is of retrospective nature. Furthermore, the battery contains the scales of cognitive appraisal of different corrective acts of parents towards their children (discipline beliefs), as well as the scale of demographic data.<br />As DDI A inventory is used for the first time in Serbia for the purposes of this research, the<br />ix<br />instrument was translated and the structure with psychometric characteristics was tested. The results of factor analysis show less stable structure of the instrument on domestic sample in comparison to the original research, which can be attributed to the cultural specifications of the parental discipline. Psychometric characteristics of all the scales in the inventory are satisfactory.<br />By testing hypothetic model, direct effects of the demographic characteristics and the experience of disciplining in the childhood were established. Furthermore, the moderator effects of discipline setting based on contemporary beliefs on punitive discipline were also established. Significant interactions for discipline manner of the fathers (strict, restrictive discipline) and the mothers (dealing with consequences of misbehavior, physical and psychological aggression), based on specific context (relationship conflicts) and modes of discipline (tactfulness, impulsiveness) were also established. The results were discussed in accordance with the theory of social studies, which confirms the effects of immediate experience of the discipline on discipline beliefs during early adulthood, and also proves the importance of discipline setting, i.e. specific context and modes used for discipline conduction.<br />Practical implications of the results of this research were also analysed, as they could be taken into consideration during the current<br />x<br />changes in legislation related to possible prohibition of corporal punishment, while the importance of the cultural characteristics of the discipline should be considered during planning and implementation of the changes in discipline practice.</p>

Osteoporosis is a disease characterized by low bone mineral density (BMD), which compromises bone tissue increasing fragility and susceptibility to fracture. It affects nearly 50% of women and 20% of men over the age of 50, and fractures resulting from osteoporosis cause significant morbidity and mortality. Therefore, patients with or at risk for osteoporosis should be identified before rather than after a fracture occurs. The gold standard in diagnosing patients with osteoporosis is dual X-ray absorptiomerty (DXA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the usefulness of assessing BMD at various parts of the distal radius (ultra-distal, mid-point, one third, and total) compared to the conventional sites (lumbar vertebrae and proximal femur) using DXA to diagnose osteoporosis. This was a retrospective study on 1,641 male patients over the age of 50 who had undergone bone densitometry (DXA scans) of at least one hip, lumbar vertebrae and distal radius. Ordinary regression and correlation analysis was used to assess the association between the lowest of the bone density scores of the hip or lumbar vertebrae and scans at the various sites on the radius. Comparing standardized scores from the radius method with the lowest standardized scores from the hip or lumbar vertebrae, a highly significant correlation was found, R = 0.59, p < 0.001 for the left UD radius, R =0.59, p < 0.001 for left MD radius, R =0.54, p < 0.001 for the left 1/3 radius, and R =0.60, p < 0.001 for the total left radius. The results indicate that the left radius total is the most accurate in diagnosing osteoporosis in our study population. The results of this study can have far-reaching psychosocio-economic implications showing that DXA scans of the distal radius can be used to effectively diagnose osteoporosis by using inexpensive, low-technology, portable scanners. These findings are particularly relevant to the needs of the undeserved rural populations of Central Appalachia.

<p>Individuals afflicted with childhood and adolescent mental disorders have an increased risk for poor outcome in adulthood. The progression of psychopathology from childhood to adult life may be influenced by a multitude of interacting variables, both biological and psychosocial. There is limited information on the relationships between child psychopathology and adult personality and personality disorders. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to gain better knowledge concerning adult personality outcome in patients with early onset of mental disorders. </p><p>Former child psychiatric patients as compared to controls had a significantly higher prevalence of all DSM-IV personality disorders (38.0 vs. 10.9 percent, p<0.001) and also a considerably higher personality disorder co-morbidity. They also had more psychosocial and environmental problems. This was exaggerated in those diagnosed with a personality disorder. Major depression, disruptive disorders and substance use disorders at a young age were strong predictors for adult personality disorder.</p><p>Patients with an early onset major depression had more personality disorders and more deviant personality traits than those with a late onset. </p><p>Forensic psychiatric male patients diagnosed with a previous conduct disorder as compared to those without had more cluster B personality disorders, and more repeated violent criminality and mixed abuse. They also exhibited more deviant personality traits and higher psychopathy scores.</p><p>The instrument "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Screening Inventory-Retrospect" had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for assessment of child psychiatric disorders. Subscales demonstrated good internal reliability (Crohnbach´s alpha = 0.76-0.93).</p><p>The results suggest that adult personality disturbances are prevalent in individuals affected with mental problems at young ages. A better understanding of the transition of psychopathology from childhood to adulthood and a better identification of those at risk will be of help in attempts to prevent permanent impact on the adult personality.</p>

The way in which infants play with objects can be indicative of their developmental progress and may serve as an early indicator for developmental delays. However, the observation of children interacting with toys for the purpose of quantitative analysis can be a difficult task. To better quantify how play may serve as an early indicator, researchers have conducted retrospective studies examining the differences in object play behaviors among infants. However, such studies require that researchers repeatedly inspect videos of play often at speeds much slower than real-time to indicate points of interest. The research presented in this dissertation examines whether a combination of sensors embedded within toys and automatic pattern recognition of object play behaviors can help expedite this process. For my dissertation, I developed the Child'sPlay system which uses augmented toys and statistical models to automatically provide quantitative measures of object play interactions, as well as, provide the PlayView interface to view annotated play data for later analysis. In this dissertation, I examine the hypothesis that sensors embedded in objects can provide sufficient data for automatic recognition of certain exploratory, relational, and functional object play behaviors in semi-naturalistic environments and that a continuum of recognition accuracy exists which allows automatic indexing to be useful for retrospective review. I designed several augmented toys and used them to collect object play data from more than fifty play sessions. I conducted pattern recognition experiments over this data to produce statistical models that automatically classify children's object play behaviors. In addition, I conducted a user study with twenty participants to determine if annotations automatically generated from these models help improve performance in retrospective review tasks. My results indicate that these statistical models increase user performance and decrease perceived effort when combined with the PlayView interface during retrospective review. The presence of high quality annotations are preferred by users and promotes an increase in the effective retrieval rates of object play behaviors.

We hypothesized that lymph node involvement in minor salivary gland cancers is associated with clinical and pathological factors commonly available to the clinician after a typical initial workup. Our aim was to identify these factors using a dataset that allowed us to compile the largest series of minor salivary gland cancers in the published literature. Using this dataset we also aimed to characterize the distribution of histological types by primary site, identify the predictors of the use of external beam radiation therapy and neck dissection, and examine the effect of lymph node involvement on survival. Using the SEER database, we identified 2667 minor salivary gland cancers with known lymph node status from 1988 to 2004. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with the use of neck dissection, the use of external beam radiation therapy, and the presence of cervical lymph node metastases. Kaplan Meier survival curves were constructed to examine the effect of lymph node involvement on survival. 426 (16.0%) patients had neck nodal involvement. Factors associated with neck nodal involvement on univariate analysis included increasing age, male gender, increasing tumor size, high tumor grade, T3-T4 stage, adenocarcinoma or mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and pharyngeal site of primary malignancy. On multivariate analysis, four statistically significant factors were identified, which included male gender, T3-T4 stage, pharyngeal site of primary malignancy, and high-grade adenocarcinoma or high-grade mucoepidermoid carcinomas. The proportions (and 95% confidence intervals) of patients with lymph node involvement for those with 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 of these prognostic factors were 0.02 (0.01-0.03), 0.09 (0.07-0.11), 0.17 (0.14-0.21), 0.41 (0.33-0.49), and 0.70 (0.54-0.85) respectively. Grade was a significant predictor of metastasis for adenocarcinoma and mucoepidermoid carcinoma but not for adenoid cystic carcinoma. Overall survival was significantly worse at 5, 10, and 15 years for patients with lymph node involvement on presentation. A prognostic index using the four clinicopathological factors listed above can effectively differentiate patients into risk groups of nodal metastasis. The precision of this index is subject to the limitations of SEER data and it should be validated in further clinical studies.

Thesis--University of Oklahoma. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 83-85).

Individuals afflicted with childhood and adolescent mental disorders have an increased risk for poor outcome in adulthood. The progression of psychopathology from childhood to adult life may be influenced by a multitude of interacting variables, both biological and psychosocial. There is limited information on the relationships between child psychopathology and adult personality and personality disorders. The main aim of this thesis was therefore to gain better knowledge concerning adult personality outcome in patients with early onset of mental disorders. Former child psychiatric patients as compared to controls had a significantly higher prevalence of all DSM-IV personality disorders (38.0 vs. 10.9 percent, p&lt;0.001) and also a considerably higher personality disorder co-morbidity. They also had more psychosocial and environmental problems. This was exaggerated in those diagnosed with a personality disorder. Major depression, disruptive disorders and substance use disorders at a young age were strong predictors for adult personality disorder. Patients with an early onset major depression had more personality disorders and more deviant personality traits than those with a late onset. Forensic psychiatric male patients diagnosed with a previous conduct disorder as compared to those without had more cluster B personality disorders, and more repeated violent criminality and mixed abuse. They also exhibited more deviant personality traits and higher psychopathy scores. The instrument "Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Screening Inventory-Retrospect" had acceptable sensitivity and specificity for assessment of child psychiatric disorders. Subscales demonstrated good internal reliability (Crohnbach´s alpha = 0.76-0.93). The results suggest that adult personality disturbances are prevalent in individuals affected with mental problems at young ages. A better understanding of the transition of psychopathology from childhood to adulthood and a better identification of those at risk will be of help in attempts to prevent permanent impact on the adult personality.