Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-04-11T20:50:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Fernando Soares Gon?alves.pdf: 1312529 bytes, checksum: f74571a02ea2e60ea594e27896515023 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-11T20:50:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Fernando Soares Gon?alves.pdf: 1312529 bytes, checksum: f74571a02ea2e60ea594e27896515023 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-04-16 / CAPES / Mining activities have a direct influence on economic development, which directly affects the gross domestic product (GDP), mainly in developing countries. The environmental interference provided by the mining activities can vary in intensity according to the mineral exploited, but they are always punctual activities. This study was conducted in the mineral province of Caraj?s, PA, in areas revegetated post mining iron ore, and to evaluate the processes of vegetation arising from revegetation of barren slopes, starting from the initial hypothesis that signed the revegetation of slopes of waste in the mining of iron using cocktails of seed species in the rainforest and savanna Metal?fila can act as facilitators of natural succession and conditioners as the substrate. The second hypothesis is that signed the removal, storage and return of surface soil organic horizon ("topsoil") after the operation by open pit mines have an essential role in the revegetation process, because they already provide quantitative and qualitative characteristics that reflect the communities previously existing in the area. In this work were highlighted four areas of study, three areas undergoing revegetation and an area with the presence of primary forest. The variables analyzed were phytosociology, photosynthetically active radiation, chemical quality of the stock of litter, soil fauna and soil fertility. The results indicate that the revegetation processes used, promoted the formation of a plant community which facilitates the process of succession over time, as many of the species used in the cocktail of seeds of the CCI and workshop areas are being replaced by species more adapted to conditions of each site. In the area called Hoppe, the herbaceous species that colonized the area are being replaced by shrub and tree species. The quality of the provided information able to litter cluster areas of studies according to the nutrients present in the litter, the areas being divided into Workshop CCI and the concentrations of lignin, cellulose, P and Mg, while areas were grouped Hoppe and Mata as a function of P and N fractions present in the twigs and leaf litter. But the use of soil fauna indicated that the groups Collembola and Formicidae will be extremely important for monitoring the quality of sites over time. From these results it was concluded that the use of biotic and abiotic indicators in studies of recovery of mined areas should be thoroughly studied and documented, they offer attributes able to understand developments in the recovery process. / As atividades de minera??o t?m influencia direta sobre o desenvolvimento econ?mico, afetando diretamente o produto interno bruto (PIB), principalmente dos pa?ses em desenvolvimento. As interfer?ncias ambientais proporcionadas pelas atividades de minera??o podem variar de intensidade de acordo com o mineral explorado, mas sempre s?o atividades pontuais. O presente estudo foi realizado na prov?ncia mineral de Caraj?s-PA, em ?reas revegetadas p?s minera??o de min?rio de ferro, tendo como objetivo avaliar a forma??o vegetal oriunda dos processos de revegeta??o de taludes de est?ril, partindo da primeira hip?tese firmada que a revegeta??o dos taludes de est?ril em ?rea de minera??o de ferro utilizando coquet?is de sementes de esp?cies pertencentes a savana metal?fila e floresta ombr?fila podem agir como facilitadores da sucess?o natural e como condicionadores do substrato. A segunda hip?tese firmada ? que a retirada, armazenamento e retorno do horizonte org?nico superficial do solo (?topsoil?) ap?s a explora??o por minera??es a c?u aberto t?m fundamental papel no processo de revegeta??o, por j? apresentar caracter?sticas quantitativas e qualitativas que refletem as comunidades anteriormente existentes na ?rea. Neste trabalho foram demarcadas quatro ?reas de estudo, sendo tr?s ?reas em processo de revegeta??o e uma ?rea com presen?a de mata prim?ria. As vari?veis analisadas foram fitossociologia, radia??o fotossinteticamente ativa, qualidade qu?mica do estoque de serrapilheira, fauna do solo e fertilidade do solo. Os resultados obtidos apontam que os processos de revegeta??o utilizados, promoveram a forma??o de uma comunidade vegetal que viabilize o processo sucessional ao longo do tempo, pois muitas das esp?cies utilizadas no coquetel de sementes das ?reas CCI e Oficina est?o sendo substitu?das por esp?cies mais adaptadas ?s condi??es de cada s?tio. Na ?rea denominada Hoppe, as esp?cies herb?ceas que colonizaram a ?rea est?o sendo substitu?das por esp?cies arbustivas e arb?reas. A qualidade da serrapilheira forneceu subs?dios capazes de agrupar as ?reas de estudos em fun??o dos nutrientes presentes na serrapilheira, sendo as ?reas CCI e Oficina agrupadas em fun??o das concentra??es de lignina, celulose, P e Mg, enquanto que as ?reas Hoppe e Mata ficaram agrupadas em fun??o do Ca e N presente nas fra??es galhos e folhas da serrapilheira. J? a utiliza??o da fauna do solo indicou que os grupos Collembola e Formicidae ser?o de extrema import?ncia para o acompanhamento da qualidade dos s?tios ao longo do tempo. A partir destes resultados foi poss?vel concluir que a utiliza??o de indicadores bi?ticos e abi?ticos em estudos de recupera??o de ?reas mineradas devem ser amplamente estudados e documentados, pois oferecem atributos capazes de compreender a evolu??o nos processos de recupera??o.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2015-12-07T23:28:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeSouzaDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1735944 bytes, checksum: de5aad036ee5f2c06acddf9daa3a005d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-10T21:31:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeSouzaDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1735944 bytes, checksum: de5aad036ee5f2c06acddf9daa3a005d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-10T21:31:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CristianeSouzaDeAraujo_DISSERT.pdf: 1735944 bytes, checksum: de5aad036ee5f2c06acddf9daa3a005d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-15 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES / A disposi??o final de res?duos s?lidos urbanos em ?reas inadequadas, sem uma infraestrutura que atenda as medidas de prote??o sanit?ria e ambiental, pode resultar na contamina??o ambiental. Para tanto uma das alternativas para minimizar os impactos decorrentes da disposi??o inadequada de res?duos s?lidos em lix?es ? a estabiliza??o da ?rea mediante o isolamento do maci?o de res?duos com implanta??o de um sistema de cobertura de solo adequado e finalizada por uma camada para crescimento vegetal. Neste contexto, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar a qualidade do solo constru?do na ?rea de um lix?o desativado da regi?o semi?rida tropical a fim de auxiliar o processo de recupera??o dessas ?reas. A ?rea de estudo est? localizada no semi?rido tropical no munic?pio de S?o Jo?o do Sabugi/RN. Foram coletadas amostras de solo na ?rea de lix?o e em mata nativa como padr?o de refer?ncia de qualidade. Aos quais foram submetidas ?s analises dos atributos f?sicos (densidade de part?culas, densidade do solo, granulometria e porosidade total), atributos qu?micos (pH, K+ e Na+ , Ca2+ , Mg2+ e Al3+ troc?veis, acidez potencial, f?sforo dispon?vel, soma de bases, CTC, satura??o por bases, satura??o por Al, satura??o por Na+ e rela??o de adsor??o de s?dio, carbono org?nico total e nitrog?nio total) e os teores total e sol?vel de metais pesados (Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mo, Co, Cr, Ba e Ni). As diferen?as entre os atributos f?sicos e qu?micos do solo natural e constru?do sugerem redu??o da qualidade do solo na ?rea desativada do lix?o devido a aus?ncia de mecanismos de prote??o ambiental e sanit?ria, bem como defici?ncias no processo de constru??o do solo ap?s a desativa??o da ?rea do lix?o. Al?m, de que a aus?ncia da camada de impermeabiliza??o superior do maci?o de res?duo permitiu a transfer?ncia vertical e consequente acumula??o de metais pesados no solo constru?do para revegeta??o. Desta forma, as defici?ncias detectadas no processo construtivo do solo apontam para a necessidade de interven??o no sentido de aproximar ? condi??o de solo constru?do a condi??o de solo natural, visando acelerar o processo de recupera??o do ecossistema local. / The final disposal of municipal solid waste in unsuitable areas without an infrastructure that meets the health measures and environmental protection, coupled with the lack of technical criteria in phase and decommissioning of the dump can promote environmental degradation. Alternatively to minimize the impacts of this activity for the stabilization of the area by isolating the massive waste with implementation of an adequate and finished by a layer of soil for plant growth final cover system. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the quality of the final cover in the area of a disabled dump the tropical semi-arid region in order to assist the process of recovery of these areas. The study area is located in the tropical semi-arid region in S?o Jo?o do Sabugi /RN. Soil samples were collected in the dump area and bushland as a benchmark of quality. To which they were subjected to analysis of physical attributes (particle density, bulk density, grain size and porosity), chemical properties (pH, K + , Na+ , Ca2 + , Mg2 + and Al3 + exchangeable, potential acidity, available phosphorus, sum of bases, CEC, base saturation, aluminum saturation, saturation Na + and adsorption ratio sodium, total organic carbon and total nitrogen) and total and soluble concentrations of heavy metals (Mn, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cu, Mo, Co, Cr, Ba and Ni). The differences between physical and chemical soil under native forest and final cover showing reduction of soil quality in the area off to the dump, which hinders the development of native vegetation and the recovery of the area. The absence of superior waterproofing to allow vertical transfer between the solid waste and the final cover promoted enrichment by chemical elements and heavy metals in excess can impair revegetation. Deficiencies found in the construction process of the final cover point to the need for intervention to accelerate the process of stabilization and recovery of the area of the local ecosystem

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:54:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 PatriciaPD.pdf: 601243 bytes, checksum: d461dd21e8a82ccf92df33c979e31098 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-04-24 / The Brazilian coast has a wide variety of complex environments and ecosystems along the coast, about 80% are represented by sandbanks and dunes. The coastal ecosystems were the first to suffer the impacts man and places, as the very fragile ecosystems, are somehow altered. Are few areas of restinga well as natural features, very few protected in conservation units. Only in the last two decades the Brazilian restinga have been studies that are showing their importance for biodiversity of the country, though its economic importance remains largely unknown. In Rio Grande do Norte in the restinga vegetation and dune environments extend for almost the entire coast. The dunes are distinguished in the coastal landscape of the state due to the exuberance of its forms, heights and coating plants. The dune system is of fundamental importance for the maintenance of coastal urban settlements, especially for the city of Natal, acting on the hydrological dynamics of water table and reducing the effect of wind and movement of grains of sand to the interior and thus avoiding the burial City. However, the ecosystem of restinga and dune environments have been weakened and destroyed according to the intense urbanization and the knowledge of the vegetation of restinga installed on the dunes are still scarce. Thus, the objective of this study was to characterize the structure and floristic composition of vegetation established on a dune in the Dunes State Park Christmas and gather information to develop a model of recovery of the dune ecosystem. This dissertation is composed of 2 chapters, the first being: Structure of the vegetation of the dunes Dunes State Park in Natal, RN with the objective of describing the structure and composition of species of tree-shrub vegetation of restinga dunes of the Parque das Dunas and second: Recovery of degraded areas in a sand dune, which aimed to review the terms and concepts used in the theme of recovery and the techniques for recovery of degraded areas with emphasis on sandy environments and poor in nutrients, reporting some experiences within and external to Brazil the country, mainly in the Northeast and dunes positive and negative aspects that should be followed in building a model to be adopted for the recovery of local dunes / O litoral brasileiro possui uma grande diversidade de ambientes e ecossistemas complexos ao longo da costa, cerca de 80% s?o representados por restingas e dunas. Os ecossistemas litor?neos foram os primeiros a sofrer os impactos antr?picos e as restingas, consideradas ecossistemas de grande fragilidade, encontram-se de alguma maneira alteradas. S?o raras as ?reas de restinga ainda com caracter?sticas naturais, muito poucas protegidas em unidades de conserva??o. Somente nas ?ltimas duas d?cadas as restingas brasileiras tem sido alvo de estudos que est?o evidenciando a sua import?ncia para a biodiversidade do pa?s, ainda que sua import?ncia econ?mica permane?a praticamente desconhecida. No Rio Grande do Norte a vegeta??o de restinga e os ambientes dunares estendem-se por quase todo o litoral. As dunas se destacam na paisagem litor?nea do estado devido ? exuber?ncia de suas formas, alturas e revestimentos vegetais. O sistema de dunas ? de fundamental import?ncia para a manuten??o dos aglomerados urbanos litor?neos, sobretudo para a cidade de Natal, atuando na din?mica hidrol?gica do len?ol fre?tico e atenuando o efeito dos ventos e o deslocamento dos gr?os de areia para o interior e assim evitando o soterramento da cidade. No entanto, o ecossistema de restinga e os ambientes dunares v?m sendo descaracterizados e destru?dos em fun??o da intensa urbaniza??o e os conhecimentos sobre a vegeta??o de restinga instalada sobre as dunas ainda s?o escassos. Desta forma, o objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a estrutura e a composi??o flor?stica da vegeta??o estabelecida sobre uma duna do Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal e reunir informa??es que permitam elaborar um modelo de Recupera??o do ecossistema dunar. A presente disserta??o ? composta por 2 cap?tulos, sendo o primeiro: Estrutura da vegeta??o de dunas do Parque Estadual Dunas do Natal, RN com o objetivo de descrever a estrutura e a composi??o de esp?cies da vegeta??o arbustivo-arb?rea da restinga dunar do Parque das Dunas e o segundo: Recupera??o de ?reas degradadas em ambiente dunar, que teve como objetivo revisar os termos e conceitos utilizados na tem?tica da recupera??o e as t?cnicas de recupera??o de ?reas degradadas com ?nfase em ambientes arenosos e pobres em nutrientes, relatando algumas experi?ncias externas ao Brasil e dentro do pa?s, principalmente em dunas do Nordeste e seus aspectos positivos e negativos que devem ser seguidos na constru??o de um modelo a ser adotado para a recupera??o de dunas locais

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-01-23T14:01:54Z No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-02-10T11:34:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-02-10T11:34:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 5 2.pdf: 1355294 bytes, checksum: 9086c9df4915c340a9a61b61dd236b86 (MD5) license_url: 52 bytes, checksum: 3d480ae6c91e310daba2020f8787d6f9 (MD5) license_text: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) license.txt: 2109 bytes, checksum: aa477231e840f304454a16eb85a9235f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o efeito do uso de composto org?nico de ind?stria de fia??o e tecelagem sobre a qualidade do substrato e crescimento de esp?cies arb?reas do cerrado em uma cascalheira no munic?pio de Diamantina, MG. A disserta??o foi estruturada em quatro cap?tulos. O primeiro refere-se ? revis?o bibliogr?fica visando o entendimento dos conceitos que foram abordados no estudo. No segundo capitulo, a influ?ncia do composto no substrato foi avaliada por meio das altera??es nos atributos qu?micos (pH, mat?ria org?nica (MO), soma de bases (SB), CTC, satura??o por bases (V), f?sforo (P), pot?ssio (K), c?lcio (Ca2+), magn?sio (Mg2+), acidez troc?vel (Al3+), acidez potencial (H + Al) e satura??o por alum?nio (m)) e f?sicos (resist?ncia mec?nica a penetra??o (Rp) e granulometria) do substrato. Foi avaliada tamb?m a atividade microbiana: carbono da biomassa microbiana (CBM) respira??o microbiana (C-CO2) e quociente metab?lico (qCO2) ap?s aplica??o de cinco tratamentos: sem aplica??o de composto org?nico e diferentes concentra??es 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 e 36,0 g dm-3 por cova. O delineamento foi sistem?tico tipo ?leque? sendo os tratamentos dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. A adi??o do composto proporcionou o aumento nos valores de pH, MO, SB, CTC, V e nutrientes (P, K, Ca2+ e Mg2+) e promoveu a redu??o de Al3+, H + Al e m. O substrato minerado apresentou valores elevados de Rp indicando a compacta??o na ?rea degradada pela extra??o de cascalho, mesmo ap?s a aplica??o do composto. A adi??o de doses crescentes do composto promoveu o aumento significativo de CBM e C-CO2 ao substrato minerado. O maior valor de qCO2 indicou efici?ncia da biomassa microbiana com a incorpora??o das menores doses do composto ao substrato quando comparado ao controle. O terceiro cap?tulo refere-se ao estudo do crescimento das esp?cies nativas Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (Pau santo), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinh?tico), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacarand? do cerrado) e Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira-preta) plantadas em delineamento sistem?tico tipo ?leque? submetidas a cinco tratamentos: sem aplica??o de composto org?nico e diferentes doses de composto 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 e 36,0 g dm-3 por cova dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. Ap?s 12 meses, verificou-se que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os tratamentos para sobreviv?ncia e incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa para cada esp?cie. Ainda, de forma preliminar foi poss?vel determinar que a adi??o de 4,5 g dm-3 de composto na cova proporcionou maiores valores de incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa para Plathymenia reticulata e Bowdichia virgilioides. No quarto cap?tulo, foi realizado o plantio em linha de Chamaecrista debilis submetida a quatro tratamentos, 0,0; 30,0; 60,0 e 120,0 g dm-3 de composto como adubo por cova, dispostos em tr?s blocos casualizados. Os resultados indicaram que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre as doses de composto aplicado para incremento em altura, di?metro e cobertura de copa. O maior valor de incremento em altura e cobertura de copa ocorreu sem a adi??o de composto de res?duo org?nico de ind?stria de fia??o e tecelagem e para di?metro com a aplica??o de 60,0 g dm-3, no entanto, ? necess?ria a realiza??o de avalia??es futuras. A taxa de sobreviv?ncia apresentou decr?scimo significativo com a aplica??o das maiores dosagens de composto org?nico. A esp?cie Chamaecrista debilis apresentou caracter?sticas importantes para recupera??o de ?rea degradada, como r?pido crescimento e produ??o de biomassa. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncia Florestal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2012. / ABSTRACT The objective of the work was to evaluate the effect of the use of composed of organic residue spinning industry and weaving on the quality of the substratum and growth of arboreal species of the thicket in a gravol-pit in the municipality of Diamantina, MG. The dissertation was structured in four chapters. Being the first, regarding the bibliographical revision seeking the understanding of the concepts and theoretical questions of what was borded in the study. In the second I chapter, the influence of the compound in the substratum was evaluated through the alterations in the chemical attributes (pH, organic matter (MO), sum of bases (SB), CTC, saturation for bases (V), match (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), exchangeable acidity (Al3+), potential acidity (H + Al) and saturation for aluminum (m)) and physical (mechanical resistance the penetration (Rp) and texture) of the substratum. As well as in the microbial activity of the same: carbon of the microbial biomass (CBM) microbial breathing (C-CO2) and metabolic quotient (qCO2) after application of five treatments: without application of organic composition and different concentrations 0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 and 36,0 g dm-3 for hole. The delineation was systematic type "fan" being the treatments disposed in three blocks unexpected. The addition of the compound stimulated the increase in the pH values, MO, SB, CTC, V and nutritious (P, K, Ca2+ and Mg2+) and it promoted the reduction of Al3+, H + Al and m. The mined substratum presented high values of Rp indicating the compactation in the area degraded by the gravel extraction, even after the application of the composed. The addition of growing doses of the compound promoted the significant increase of CBM and C-CO2 to the mined substratum. The largest qCO2 value indicated efficiency of the microbial biomass with the incorporation of the smallest dosages of the compound to the substratum when compared to the control. The third chapter, refers to the study of the growth of the native species Kielmeyera lathrophyton Saddi (sacred Wood), Plathymenia reticulata Benth (Vinh?tico), Dalbergia miscolobium Benth (Jacaranda of the Thicket) and Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (Sucupira-black) planted in delineation systematic type " fan " submitted to five treatments: without application of organic composition and different doses of compound 0,0; 4,5; 9,0; 18,0 and 36,0 g dm-3 for hole disposed in three blocks unexpected. After 12 months, it was verified that there was not significant difference among the treatments for survival and increment in height, diameter and top covering for each species. Still, in a preliminary way it was possible to determine that the addition of 45 g dm-3 of compound of organic residue of textile industry in the hole stimulated larger increment values in height, diameter and top covering for Plathymenia reticulata and Bowdichia virgilioides. In the fourth chapter, the planting was made in line of Chamaecrista debilis submitted to four treatments, 0,0; 30,0; 60,0 and 120,0 g dm-3 compound dm-3 as fertilizer for hole, disposed in three blocks inexpected. The results indicated that there was not significant difference among compound applied for increment in height and diameter. The largest increment value in height and diameter happened without the addition and with the application of 60,0 g dm-3 of compound of organic residue of textile industry, however it is necessary the accomplishment of future evaluations. The survival rate presented significant decrease with the application of the largest doses of organic compund. The species Chamaecrista debilis presented important characteristics for recovery of degraded area, as fast growth and biomass production.