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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Prehistoric Rockshelters of Pennsylvania: Revitalizing Behavioral Interpretation from Archaeological Spatial Data

Burns, Jonathan Allen January 2009 (has links)
The size of archaeological data collection units and provenience controls affect data resolution, types of analyses, and the interpretations that archaeologists draw from the spatial patterning of material evidence. This research examines the use of fine-grained data collection units and the analyses that they support in the study of two Pennsylvania rockshelters to: 1) provide a better understanding of rockshelter use and the importance of rockshelters in Pennsylvania and Middle Atlantic region prehistory and, 2) reveal the impact that archaeological units can have on the reconstruction and interpretation of human behaviors in general. Insights from behavioral theory, ethnoarchaeology and previous archaeological research influenced the units and methods employed in the excavation of the Mykut and Camelback rockshelters. This analysis reveals the range of behaviors that can be reconstructed from these data, which can then be compared and contrasted with interpretations of other rockshelters and site contexts in the region. / Anthropology
12

Analyse techno-fonctionnelle des industries lithiques moustériennes des sites du Zagros : les grottes de Bisitun, Shanidar et Abri Warwasi / The question concerning normalized and non-normalized lithic productions : a case study of Zagros Mousterian; Warwasi, Shanidar and Hunters cave

Beshkani, Amir 20 November 2018 (has links)
Le but de cette thèse est de fournir une nouvelle analyse relative aux industries lithiques du Paléolithique moyen venant des grottes de Shanidar et de Bisitun. Ces grottes sont situées dans le centre de la chaine de montagne du Zagros, à l’ouest de l'Iran (Middle Est). Les nombreuses chaines du Zagros s'étendent le long du sud et ouest de l'Iran et dans le nord de l'Iraq. Cette analyse sera effectuée en utilisant une approche techno-fonctionnelle incluant également une étude tracéologique (étude des traces d’utilisation du matériel archéologique au moyen à faible et fort grossissement au moyen d’une loupe binoculaire et d’un microscope optique à réflexion). Les industries lithiques de la région du Zagros ont été fréquemment étudiées par les chercheurs (Coon, 1951/1957; ((Skinner, 1965); (Lindly, 1997) (Dibble, 1984-1993). Cependant, leurs études sont basées sur une analyse typologique comparative offrant ainsi une vision fragmentaire des productions humaines et au-delà des outils qu’ils ont produits. Mes recherches ont pour objectif de reconsidérer les chaînes opératoires de production lithiques en mettant en place une méthode d’analyse techno-fonctionnelle. Ceci afin de percevoir les outils (bruts ou retouchés) dans toute leur dynamique conceptuelle et fonctionnelle c’est-à-dire en tant qu’objectif d’une chaîne opératoire de production et moyen d’une ou plusieurs activités. Le but étant : - dans une perspective synchronique, de repenser la chaîne opératoire en fonction de la finalité et des objectifs de l’outillage : - La variété et la forme des racloirs sont étroitement liées à leurs spécificités fonctionnelles. - Le modèle de réduction, proposé par Dibble, pour ces industries moustériennes est-il valide et fiable ? - dans une perspective diachronique, d’appréhender la singularité des comportements humains, leur diversité et/ou leur variabilité au cours du temps, tout en recherchant les facteurs à l’origine de cette diversité : - environnements : spécificités environnementales de la région du Zagros etc. ; - traditions techniques et culturelles ; - “savoir-faire” et/ou “manières de faire” etc. / The purpose of the dissertation is to provide a new analysis of Middle Palaeolithic industries from Shanidar, Bisitun caves and also Warwasi rockshelter. These sites are located in the center of the Zagros Mountain Range in western Iran (Middle East). Lithic industries in the Zagros region have been frequently studied by researchers (Coon 1951, 1957, Skinner 1965, Lindly 1997, Dibble 1984, 1993). These studies are often based on a comparative typological analysis, therefor for the reasons which are explained in the text, I think the studies are offering a fragmented view of lithic productions and consequently the prehistoric world of technic. This analysis is carried out using a techno-functional approach in the way to consider the chaîne opératoire and its technical role in volumetric matrix (supports) production and the supports in action, in terms of normalized and non-normalized volumes and their potential to complete a task. My objective is also to conduct a technological analysis by synchronic and diachronic perspectives on the lithic industries unearthed from different archaeological sites in Middle East during end of MIS 5, 4 and 3. The two new definitions of the exploitations structures, it means Additional and Integrated structures are a part of structural approach to achive the purposes. The purposes of study are:- In a synchronic perspective, to rethink on the structures of exploitations according to the objectives of production and tools realisation. - From a diachronic perspective, to understand the singularity of past individual’s technical solutions, their diversity and / or their variability over the time, while looking for the factors at the origin of this diversity.The hypotheses;- The variability among the assemblages, including the scrapers are closely related to the subset of incising artifacts and cutting edge geometry.- The Reduction Model, proposed by Dibble, does present only one kind of reduction within Mousterian industries.
13

A comparative morphological and morphometric study of the cranial and post-cranial osteology of South African hares - Cape hare (Lepus capensis) and Scrub hare (Lepus saxatilis) and its application in archaeozoology

Scott, Karin 01 1900 (has links)
Text in English and abstract in English, Afrikaans and isiZulu / This archaeozoological study was undertaken to distinguish between the two hare species of South Africa, Lepus capensis (Cape hare) and Lepus saxatilis (scrub hare), from fragmentary archaeological faunal remains. It was previously not possible to taxonomically differentiate between these species. The research focused on Lagomorpha remains previously identified in Later Stone Age assemblages from two rock shelters, Blydefontein and Meerkat, in the Karoo. Analyses of modern skeletal material housed in museum collections demonstrated that there are indeed morphological and morphometric differences between Lepus capensis and Lepus saxatilis. The Lagomorpha material from the two archaeological assemblages were then re-examined utilising the newly established protocols. The reanalyses proved that it is now possible to distinguish between the two hare species even when in fragmentary form. It is also possible to identify Pronolagus. The dietary and likely cultural roles of the Lagomorpha and other small mammals in archaeological contexts are also explored. / Hierdie argeosoölogiese studie is onderneem om te onderskei tussen die twee haasspesies in Suid-Afrika, Lepus capensis (vlakhaas) en Lepus saxatilis (kolhaas), aan die hand van gefragmenteerde argeologiese fauna-oorblyfsels. Dit was nie voorheen moontlik om hierdie spesies taksonomies van mekaar te onderskei nie. Die navorsing fokus op Lagomorpha-oorblyfsels wat voorheen geïdentifiseer is in rotsskuiling-versamelings wat uit die Laat Steentydperk dateer. Die genoemde rotsskuilings is gevind by Blydefontein en Meerkat in die Karoo. Ontledings van moderne skeletmateriaal in museumversamelings het getoon dat daar wel morfologiese en morfometriese verskille tussen Lepus capensis en Lepus saxatilis is. Lagomorpha-materiaal afkomstig van die twee argeologiese versamelings is toe herondersoek aan die hand van nuut gevestigde protokolle. Die herontledings het bewys dat dit nou moontlik is om te onderskei tussen die twee haasspesies, selfs indien hulle gefragmenteerd is. Dit is ook moontlik om Pronolagus te identifiseer. Die rolle wat die Lagomorpha en ander klein soogdiere in argeologiese kontekste in dieet en kultuur vervul het, is ook ondersoek. / Ucwaningo maqondana nezitho zomzimba ezisalayo uma isilwane sesifile lwenziwelwa ukuba kukwazeke ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zonogwaja eNingizimu Afrika, okuyiLepus capensis kanye neLepus saxatilis ngokubheka izingcucu zezinsalela zazo. Kwakungelula kudala ukuhlukanisa lezi zinhlobo zesilwane ngokwamaqoqo okwakheka noma okwenza kwazo. Ucwaningo lugxile kwizinsalela zohlobo lweLagomorpha olwaluvame ukubonakala ngenkathi yakudala okwakusetshenziswa kuyo amatshe ukwakha izinto (iStone Age) emiphemeni emibili eyayakhiwe ngamadwala eyayihlangene eyayaziwa ngokuthi yiBlydefontein neMeerkat esigodini esisagwadule esiseNingizimu Afrika, iKaroo. Ukuhlaziywa kwezingebhezi zemizimba yezinto ezigcinwe kwizigcinamagugu lwaveza ukuthi impela ukhona umehluko ekwakhekeni kanye nasezilinganisweni zogebhezi lwekhanda ngokomumo kumbe ugebhezi lwesiqu somzimba phakathi konogwaja abawuhlobo lweLepus capensis neLepus sexatilis. Uhlobo lweLagomorpha lwasesakhiweni semipheme ehlangene lwabe seluhlolwa kabusha kusetshenziswa izinhlobo ezintsha eziseqophelweni. Ukuhlaziywa kabusha kwaveza ubufakazi bokuthi sekuyinto engenzeka kalula ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo ezimbili zonogwaja ngisho ngabe sezitholakala sezingcezungcezu. Kuyinto engenzeka kalula futhi ukubona uhlobo lwePronolagus. Indlela yokudla kanye nemisebenzi ehambisana nosikompilo kohlobo lweLagomorpha kanye nezinye izilwane ezincelisayo nakho kuyabhekwa. / Anthropology and Archaeology / M.A. (Archaeology)

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