The purpose of this study was to determine the opinions of local school board members in Maryland regarding community participation in educational decision-making. These opinions were analyzed in relationship to board members' preference for a trustee versus delegate role relationship to the community and other factors of the socio-political environment of the school board. A questionnaire was mailed to all public school board of education members in Maryland. A return rate of 83.7 percent was obtained. Data gathered was used to determine: 1) what community groups were most involved in educational decision-making, 2) what issues school boards sought community advisory group input on, and 3) what groups had the greatest influence on board decisions. School boards were also classified by their method of selection, extent of intraboard consensus, and the metropolitanism of the district. Chi-square and regression analysis was utilized to test the consistency of influence of these elements of the socio-political environment on opinions regarding community participation in decision-making. Respondents reported the greatest involvement in educational decisions by internal groups such as parent groups, teachers' unions, and advisory groups. Board members indicated greatest receptivity to input on decisions relating to school construction and closings, curriculum and instruction, and budget. An analysis of the relative influence various groups had on school board decisions revealed that the school administration had the greatest influence on board decisions in all decision areas studied. The analysis of the influence of the socio-political environmental variables revealed the following: 1) board members' preference for a trustee versus delegate role relationship to the community was not affected by method of selection to the board, and 2) metropolitanism of the district and intraboard consensus were not found to be consistent indicators of the socio-political environment of the school board as expressed through opinions regarding community participation. / Ed. D.

This case study involved a safety and maintenance audit of Mercer University's intramural and recreational sports program. The purpose of the audit was to expose potentially hazardous conditions in the area of supervision, conduct of activities, facilities and equipment. A method of risk reduction in the form of a risk management strategy was implemented to control for potential injury producing conditions to participants. Regular safety inspections, the hiring and training of program supervisors, upgrading of facilities and equipment and a closer relationship between the intramural program and other campus departments were some of the remedial steps taken at Mercer to provide a relatively safe environment. / M.S.

The purpose of this study was to examine provisions of the Constitution of West Virginia, enactments of the West Virginia Legislature, decisions of the West Virginia Supreme Court of Appeals, policies of the West Virginia Board of Education, opinions of the: Attorney General, and interpretations of the State Superintendent of Schools to ascertain the legal status of West Virginia public school personnel in the employment process, in liability cases arising from tort actions, and in other areas; where legal questions often arise. Federal Constitutional provisions, statutes, and court cases were also considered when of overriding importance or when West Virginia legal references were inadequate. Legal research of the process of employment of public school personnel focused on the following areas: nomination for employment, discrimination, substantive and procedural due process, certifieation, probationary and continuing contracts, assignment and, transfer, suspension and dismissal, resignations, employment term, and compensation. Tort cases were classified by the author as either traditional or constitutional torts. Traditional torts reviewed included strict liability, assault and/or battery, defamation, and negligence. Of particular concern were assault and battery cases related to corporal punishment, the use of qualified privilege as a defense in defamation cases, and negligence cases alleging abridgement of the duty of school personnel to provide proper supervision, proper instruction in performing dangerous activities, and proper maintenance of equipment. Tort actions arising from abridgement of a person's constitutional rights by state or governmental authorities were classified as constitutional torts. lt was found that successful plaintiffs have. been able to secure injunctive relief as well as damages. from school officials and boards of education, both now considered "persons" under Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act of 1871. Other legal provisions studied in relationship to West Virginia public school personnel included the following: curriculum and instructional matters, academic freedom, assignment of duties, personal leave and leaves of absence, fringe benefits, retirement, grievances, employee organizations, and collective bargaining. / Ed. D.

The purpose of this study was to explore various aspects of discipline in secondary schools inter alia the views of educators to changes regarding the behaviour of learners today as compared to the past, the banning of corporal punishment in schools, commitment to provide support, and to elicit alternative methods of maintaining discipline. The study was an exploratory one aiming to bring the views of the educator to the fore in clinical research. It was also undertaken to spur other research into this area. The study was undertaken with educators from the town of Verulam in the north coast of Kwazulu- Natal, South Africa. All secondary schools in the area were targeted. This was a possibility sample as it was peculiar to the context and is valid because it does have resemblance to reality. The sample reflected the remnants of the old apartheid educational structures. Various types of schools were included inclusive of ex -House of Delegates, ex-Department of Education, private and religion-based schools. The sample had semblance of the general educator population. Educators in nine of the secondary schools responded to a questionnaire. The structured questionnaire had a quantitative and qualitative bias. The response rate was 58.3 percent. A statistical package was used to analyse the statistical aspects of the questionnaire. The results of the study indicate that educators believed that the incidents and severity of learner misbehaviour had increased rapidly post 1996. A significantly large number also stated that their superiors (the Department of Education-DOE) have left a void with the banning of corporal punishment by provldinq little or no alternatives to discipline learners. Many respondents believed that their authority was undermined and it affected discipline and hence the culture of teaching and learning. Serious offenders were handed to management of schools. Management in schools were viewed as supportative although there was a call for consistency in the application of the schools' Code of Conduct. Numerous methods of disciplining were suggested with the most popular being getting the parent involved and personal counselling. Sadly, the third popular measure believed to be effective was the use of corporal punishment, albeit it was used by a small percentage of respondents. There was no significant difference in views between male and female respondents. Various extraneous factors influencing poor behaviour were postulated. The learners' background, role of the parent and peer pressure, were viewed as most important. School contextual factors such as large classes and poor resources were also noted. Recommendations for better discipline and disciplinary measures were highlighted. The study called for a review of the Code of Conduct as required by the South African Schools Act 84 of 1996, with the focus being immediacy and relevance of sanctions and the more frequent use of the parent-component, of the Schools' Governing Body, in discipline. A more pro-active stance on the part of the DOE in assisting educators, in disciplinary measures, at grass-root level was recommended. The study also recommended further research into discipline and disciplinary measures at secondary schools. / Thesis (LL.M.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2006.

Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta a edição de setenta e quatro documentos do século XIX referentes à administração da Academia de Sciencias Juridicas de São Paulo, atual Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo. Com base na edição desta documentação, relatamos as interferências imperiais na Academia, desde a época de sua fundação em 1827 até 1879. Foram editadas legislações imperiais que revelam interferências do Governo, cujo objetivo era o controle do Curso Jurídico. Estas interferências regulavam, por um lado, vários aspectos do cotidiano acadêmico como a nomeação de professores, o conteúdo a ser lecionado, os cursos preparatórios e a resolução de dificuldades relacionadas à deficiência do ensino, à falta de professores, à indisciplina dos alunos e, por outro lado, anulavam e substituíam os estatutos da Faculdade quando havia um motivo conveniente ao Governo. O estudo dos aspectos históricos da fundação da Faculdade e das interferências imperiais revela que a Academia tinha por função manter a estrutura do Poder Monárquico, com a formação de bachareis alinhados à ideologia dominante. / This Masters dissertation is a presentation of seventy-four 19th Century documents referring to the management of the Academia de Sciencias Juridicas in São Paulo, now the University of São Paulo School of Law (Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo). Based on the edition of these documents, we discuss imperial interference in the Academy, from its foundation in 1827, until 1879. Imperial legislation from this period shows interference from the government, whose aim was to control the Law Course (Curso Jurídico). On one hand, this interference served to regulate various aspects of academic life, such as the appointment of professors, course content, preparatory courses and resolution of problems related to inadequacies in teaching, absence of tutors and student discipline, and on the other hand, it served to annul and substitute the Schools own bylaws whenever the government considered it necessary. The study of the historic aspects of the Schools foundation and of imperial interference shows that the function of the Academy was to preserve the structure of Monarchical Power, by producing graduates aligned with the dominant ideology of the time.

This thesis deals with organization of a long-term school trip, which means organization of a sojourn for primary school pupils in surrounding which is beneficial to pupils' health while their education is not interrupted. The theoretical part of this thesis is focused on those law regulations, which have to be followed in the process of organizing a long-term school trip and during the time the event is taking place. Basic concepts dealing with the organization of a long-term school trip are also defined in the theoretical part of this thesis. The practical part of this thesis is based on collecting data through a survey and dialogues with teachers. The aim of the survey and those dialogues is to find out the interest of primary school teachers who teach at schools located in Prague 1 and in Prague 2 in organizing a long- term school trip and to detect their experience which they have acquired by organizing long- school trips. KEYWORDS: organization, long-term school trip, administration, interest, pupil of primary school age, younger school age, sojourn, primary school

Esta dissertação de mestrado apresenta a edição de setenta e quatro documentos do século XIX referentes à administração da Academia de Sciencias Juridicas de São Paulo, atual Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo. Com base na edição desta documentação, relatamos as interferências imperiais na Academia, desde a época de sua fundação em 1827 até 1879. Foram editadas legislações imperiais que revelam interferências do Governo, cujo objetivo era o controle do Curso Jurídico. Estas interferências regulavam, por um lado, vários aspectos do cotidiano acadêmico como a nomeação de professores, o conteúdo a ser lecionado, os cursos preparatórios e a resolução de dificuldades relacionadas à deficiência do ensino, à falta de professores, à indisciplina dos alunos e, por outro lado, anulavam e substituíam os estatutos da Faculdade quando havia um motivo conveniente ao Governo. O estudo dos aspectos históricos da fundação da Faculdade e das interferências imperiais revela que a Academia tinha por função manter a estrutura do Poder Monárquico, com a formação de bachareis alinhados à ideologia dominante. / This Masters dissertation is a presentation of seventy-four 19th Century documents referring to the management of the Academia de Sciencias Juridicas in São Paulo, now the University of São Paulo School of Law (Faculdade de Direito da Universidade de São Paulo). Based on the edition of these documents, we discuss imperial interference in the Academy, from its foundation in 1827, until 1879. Imperial legislation from this period shows interference from the government, whose aim was to control the Law Course (Curso Jurídico). On one hand, this interference served to regulate various aspects of academic life, such as the appointment of professors, course content, preparatory courses and resolution of problems related to inadequacies in teaching, absence of tutors and student discipline, and on the other hand, it served to annul and substitute the Schools own bylaws whenever the government considered it necessary. The study of the historic aspects of the Schools foundation and of imperial interference shows that the function of the Academy was to preserve the structure of Monarchical Power, by producing graduates aligned with the dominant ideology of the time.

No abstract available. / Thesis (LL.M.)-University of Natal, Durban, 2001.

Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2019-03-18T19:12:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 José Marcos Alves.pdf: 8358219 bytes, checksum: 2a46347e794efacfea82dc85cf1f5360 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-18T19:12:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 José Marcos Alves.pdf: 8358219 bytes, checksum: 2a46347e794efacfea82dc85cf1f5360 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-12-14 / The distance education modality (EaD) has gained increasing importance in work environments for the continuous training of professionals; however, it weighs on the EaD a stigma of being considered a modality of low quality. In the Brazilian Judiciary, the EaD is responsible for the initial and continuous training of magistrates and servants. Therefore, the present research aims at identifying the quality indicators used to guide and understand the excellence in the production and supply of distance courses in work environments. For which we analyzed the offer of the course Introduction to Socio-Environmental Issues, produced by the Judicial School of the Regional Labor Court of the 2nd Region (EJUD2). For this challenge, the following questions were raised regarding the research problem: What are the guidelines that guide the design and the implementation of EaD in Brazil and EJUD2? What are the quality benchmarks for the distance modality, based on the national guidelines and academic productions in the area? What is the importance and contribution of Instructional Design in the design of courses offered in EaD, especially in EJUD2? Among the evidenced quality indicators, which ones are applied in the courses offered in EAD at EJUD2 and, consequently, are responsible for the excellence pointed out by the students of these courses? In this context, the general objective was to identify and analyze such indicators in order to understand the excellence of the online course under consideration. As for the specific objectives, they aimed to: i. To raise the history and guidelines that guide the design and implementation of Distance Education in Brazil, as well as in the judicial school of the Regional Labor Court of the 2nd Region - SP; ii. to understand the quality references for the distance modality, from the national guidelines and academic productions in the area; iii. to analyze the importance and the contribution of Instructional Design in the quality of the content design and courses offered in EaD; iv. indicate which are the quality indicators evidenced in the courses offered in EAD in EJUD2 responsible for excellence in results. The research adopted a qualitative exploratory approach to a case study. For this, the data of the student reaction evaluations, the tutor's report, and a questionnaire interview with a person in charge of the instructional designers team and with coordinator manager of the EJUD2 were analyzed. The theoretical framework used to base this research was centered on, among other authors: Behar (2009), Corrêa (2007), Freire (1996), Pierre Lèvy (2003), Andrea Filatro (2008), Gardner (1995), Terçariol (2016), in addition to the Quality Reference for Distance Higher Education, Distance Learning Manual within the scope of EJUD2 and also official documents of higher bodies that regulate EAD in the judiciary. The research identified the production of contents as a fundamental point in the quality of EaD. In addition, it has been verified that audiovisual content, inherent of the technological advances, a current and enriching language, that allows to work the ludic. It is believed that this research contributes to the studies focused on the valuation of EaD in work environments in order to assist in the delineation of new paradigms of quality of this emergent modality in Brazil. / La modalidad de Educación a Distancia (EaD) ha ganado cada vez más importancia en los espacios laborales para la formación continuada de profesionales; sin embargo, pesa sobre la EaD un estigma de ser considerada una modalidad de baja calidad. En el Poder Judicial brasileño, EaD es responsable de la formación inicial y continuada de magistrados y servidores. Por eso, la presente investigación tiene por objetivo la identificación de los indicadores de calidad utilizados para orientar y comprender la excelencia en la producción y oferta de cursos a distancia en espacios laborales. Para ello, se analizó la oferta del curso Introducción a Temas Socioambientales, producido por la Escuela Judicial del Tribunal Regional del Trabajo de la 2ª Región (EJUD2). Para este desafío, se plantearon las siguientes cuestiones dirigidas al problema de investigación: ¿cuáles son las directrices que orientan el diseño y la implementación de la EaD en Brasil y en la EJUD2? ¿Cuáles son los referentes de calidad para la modalidad a distancia, a partir de las directrices nacionales y producciones académicas en el área? ¿Cuál es la importancia y la contribución del diseño educativo en la concepción de cursos ofrecidos en EaD, en especial, en la EJUD2? Entre los indicadores de calidad evidenciados, ¿cuáles son aplicados en los cursos ofrecidos en EaD en la EJUD2 y, consecuentemente, son responsables de la excelencia apuntada por los estudiantes de esos cursos? En este contexto, el objetivo general fue identificar y analizar tales indicadores, a fin de comprender la excelencia del curso en línea en cuestión. En cuanto a los objetivos específicos, se dirigieron a: i. En el caso de la educación a distancia en Brasil, así como en la escuela judicial del Tribunal Regional del Trabajo de la 2ª Región - SP; ii. comprender los referenciales de calidad para la modalidad a distancia, a partir de las directrices nacionales y producciones académicas en el área; iii. analizar la importancia y la contribución del Diseño Instruccional en la calidad de la concepción de los contenidos y cursos ofrecidos en EaD; iv. señalar cuáles son los indicadores de calidad evidenciados en los cursos ofrecidos en EaD en la EJUD2 responsables por la excelencia en los resultados. La investigación adoptó un enfoque cualitativo de carácter exploratorio de un estudio de caso. Para ello, se analizaron los datos de las evaluaciones de reacción de los estudiantes, informe del tutor, además de entrevista, por medio de un cuestionario, con un responsable del equipo de diseñadores instruccionales y con el gestor de la coordinadora de EaD de la EJUD2. En el caso de las mujeres, la mayoría de las veces, la mayoría de las veces, la mayoría de las veces, (2016), además de los Referenciales de Calidad para la Educación Superior a Distancia, del Manual de Enseñanza a Distancia en el ámbito de la EJUD2 y también de documentos oficiales de órganos superiores de los que regulan la EaD en el poder judicial. La investigación identificó la producción de contenidos como un punto fundamental en la calidad de la EaD. Además, se verificó que el contenido audiovisual, propio de los avances tecnológicos, mientras un lenguaje actual y enriquecedora, proporciona un trabajo más lúdico. Se cree que esta investigación contribuye a los estudios orientados a la valorización de la EaD en espacios laborales, a fin de auxiliar aún en el delineamiento de nuevos paradigmas de calidad de esa modalidad emergente en Brasil. / A modalidade de Educação a Distância (EaD) tem ganhado cada vez mais importância nos espaços laborais para a formação continuada de profissionais; contudo, pesa sobre a EaD um estigma de ser considerada uma modalidade de baixa qualidade. No Judiciário brasileiro, a EaD é responsável pela formação inicial e continuada de magistrados e servidores. Por isso, a presente pesquisa tem por objetivo a identificação dos indicadores de qualidade utilizados para nortear e compreender a excelência na produção e oferta de cursos a distância em espaços laborais. Para tanto, analisou-se a oferta do curso Introdução a Temas Socioambientais, produzido pela Escola Judicial do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 2ª Região (EJUD2). Para este desafio, levantaram-se as seguintes questões voltadas ao problema de pesquisa: quais são as diretrizes que norteiam a concepção e a implementação da EaD no Brasil e na EJUD2? Quais são os referenciais de qualidade para a modalidade a distância, a partir das diretrizes nacionais e produções acadêmicas na área? Qual a importância e a contribuição do Design Instrucional na concepção de cursos ofertados em EaD, em especial, na EJUD2? Dentre os indicadores de qualidade evidenciados, quais são aplicados nos cursos ofertados em EaD na EJUD2 e, consequentemente, são responsáveis pela excelência apontada pelos estudantes desses cursos? Nesse contexto, o objetivo geral foi identificar e analisar tais indicadores, a fim de compreender a excelência do curso online em apreço. Quanto aos objetivos específicos, eles visaram: i. Levantar o histórico e as diretrizes que norteiam a concepção e implementação da Educação a Distância no Brasil, bem como na escola judicial do Tribunal Regional do Trabalho da 2ª Região - SP; ii. compreender os referenciais de qualidade para a modalidade a distância, a partir das diretrizes nacionais e produções acadêmicas na área; iii. analisar a importância e a contribuição do Design Instrucional na qualidade da concepção dos conteúdos e cursos ofertados em EaD; iv. sinalizar quais são os indicadores de qualidade evidenciados nos cursos ofertados em EaD na EJUD2 responsáveis pela excelência nos resultados. A pesquisa adotou uma abordagem qualitativa de caráter exploratória de um estudo de caso. Para isso, foram analisados os dados das avaliações de reação dos estudantes, relatório do tutor, além de entrevista, por meio de questionário, com um responsável pela equipe de designers instrucionais e com o gestor da coordenadoria de EaD da EJUD2. O arcabouço teórico utilizado para a fundamentação desta pesquisa foi centrado em, entre outros autores, Behar (2009), Corrêa (2007), Freire (1996), Pierre Lèvy (2003), Andrea Filatro (2008), Gardner (1995), Terçariol (2016), além dos Referenciais de Qualidade para a Educação Superior a Distância, do Manual de Ensino a Distância no âmbito da EJUD2 e também de documentos oficiais de órgãos superiores do que regulamentam a EaD no poder judiciário. A pesquisa identificou a produção de conteúdos como um ponto fundamental na qualidade da EaD. Além disso, verificou-se que o conteúdo audiovisual, próprio dos avanços tecnológicos, enquanto uma linguagem atual e enriquecedora, proporciona um trabalho mais lúdico. Acredita-se que esta pesquisa contribua para os estudos voltados à valorização da EaD em espaços laborais, a fim de auxiliar ainda no delineamento de novos paradigmas de qualidade dessa modalidade emergente no Brasil.

South Africa's education management system has undergone a long history of transformation from the promulgation of the Bantu Education Act of 1953 to the realisation of democracy, and in this context, the South Mrican Schools Act (SASA) of l996. Apartheid legislation and the new democratic legislation have had a profound impact on the education leadership and management of schools, in which authoritarian management practices have been replaced by democratic management practices. However, democratic management practices have not yet had a significant effect in the leadership and management of schools, especially in the schools of previously disadvantaged areas. This thesis seeks to examine perceptions held by education stakeholders in the light of the rights of students as stipulated in the discipline provisions of the Schools Act of 1996, in one of the rural high schools in the Northern Region of the Eastern Cape Province. One of the most important discipline provisions is the ban on corporal punishment in schools. My intention in carrying out this research was not to generalise my findings but to understand the experiences and perceptions of the stakeholders in this school regarding the discipline provisions of the SASA. The data suggest that authoritarian education practices, especially corporal punishment, are still a factor in the maintenance of student discipline in this rural school. Stakeholders still believe in the use of corporal punishment as the only way of maintaining discipline and an orderly environment for teaching and learning. Such beliefs, assumptions and values concerning the use of corporal punishment are held by the principal, teachers, students and parents and have not changed since 1996. Beliefs, assumptions and values on the exclusive use of power by the principal on issues of suspension and expulsion are still being held by the above stakeholders in the school. The vision of the SASA that schools become autonomous institutions with democratic leadership and management practices does not seem to be practical because of the centralisation of power in the hands of the Provincial Head of the Education Department. This centralisation of power denies the principal and other stakeholders of the school the power to decide on crucial matters like the expulsion of misbehaving students, because it is the provincial Head who decides on the seriousness of offences committed by misbehaving students and subsequent expulsions. Apart from the location of power in the Provincial Head of the Education Department, the stakeholders of this school are also powerless on expulsion of students, or any other form of punishment because of the implication of the "right" to education in the Bill of Rights in the Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. The education department has to devise programmes that change the beliefs and assumptions of stakeholders on corporal punishment and decision-making on expulsions and suspensions. Unfortunately corporal punishment persists because parents use it in the home and support its use in school. Programmes on alternatives to corporal punishment are required for the smooth implementation of the SASA.