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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
161

劉師培政治思想硏究. / Liu Shipei zheng zhi si xiang yan jiu.

January 1995 (has links)
胡志偉. / 論文(博士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院歷史學部, 1995. / 參考文献 : 224-231. / Hu Zhiwei. / 簡 目 / Chapter (一) --- 導論 --- p.1 -15 / Chapter 1. --- 問題的提出 / Chapter 2. --- 課題範圍的選擇和理據 / Chapter 3. --- 諸家成¨®Ơ的回顧與檢討 / Chapter 4. --- 研究進路 / Chapter (二) --- 劉師培的生平 --- p.16-27 / Chapter (三) --- 劉師培早年政治思想的特色 --- p.28-42 / Chapter 1. --- 民族思想:排滿攘夷及民族帝國主義 / Chapter 2. --- 激烈主張 / Chapter 3. --- 民約觀念 / Chapter (四) --- 劉師培無政府思想的淵源 --- p.43-71 / Chapter I. --- 中國傳統 / Chapter 1. --- 道家思想 / Chapter 2. --- 禮運大同 / Chapter 3. --- 許行 / Chapter 4. --- 鮑敬言 / Chapter II. --- 域外思想 / Chapter 1. --- 日本社會主義運動的概況 / Chapter 2. --- 幸德秋水 / Chapter 3. --- 苦魯巴特金 / Chapter 4. --- 托爾斯泰 / Chapter (五) --- 劉師培革命理論的基礎:針對人爲不平等 --- p.72-83 / Chapter 1. --- 政府之於人民 / Chapter 2. --- 資本家之於傭工 / Chapter 3. --- 強種之於弱種 / Chapter 4. --- 男子之於女子 / Chapter (六) --- 劉師培的具體革命策略 --- p.84-104 / Chapter 1. --- 農人革命 / Chapter 2. --- 勞民革命 / Chapter 3. --- 農工聯合制 / Chapter 4. --- 弱種聯合以抗強種 / Chapter (七) --- 劉師培的無政府主義烏托邦:人類均力說 --- p.105-118 / Chapter (八) --- 《天義》與《新世紀》的比較 --- p.119-130 / Chapter (九) --- 劉師培旅日期間的實際政治活動 --- p.131-152 / Chapter 1. --- 社會主義講習會 / Chapter 2. --- 亞洲和親會 / Chapter 3. --- 農民疾苦調查會 / Chapter (十) --- 劉師培與同盟會分裂的原因:革命綱領的比較分析 --- p.153-172 / Chapter 1. --- 民族問題 / Chapter 2. --- 政制問題 / Chapter 3. --- 民生問題 / Chapter 4. --- 革命程序 / Chapter (十一) --- 〈劉師培與端方書〉的剖析 --- p.173-195 / Chapter 1. --- 是書發現的經過 / Chapter 2. --- 寫作日期的考定 / Chapter 3. --- 劉師培自述放棄革命原因的分析 / Chapter (十二) --- 劉師培後期的政治活動和思想 --- p.196-211 / Chapter 1. --- 流落四川 / Chapter 2. --- 籌安會及洪憲帝制 / Chapter 3. --- 北京大學 / Chapter (十三) --- 結論 --- p.212-223 / Chapter (十四) --- 參考書目 --- p.224-231
162

O labirinto periférico: José Carlos Mariátegui e a sociologia crítica latino-americana / The peripheral labyrinth: José Carlos Mariátegui and critical Latin American sociology

Rubbo, Deni Ireneu Alfaro 20 August 2018 (has links)
Esta tese é um estudo sobre a recepção da obra de José Carlos Mariátegui (1894-1930) nas ciências sociais latino-americanas. Trata-se de delinear sociologicamente a difusão e as apropriações das ideias mariateguianas no conjunto da história intelectual das ciências sociais e da história do marxismo neste continente. A primeira parte, dedicada a um estudo de trajetória social e intelectual, investiga as incursões literárias de Mariátegui no jornalismo, sua inserção no debate político peruano, alguns aspectos de sua formação intelectual europeia, o estilo de sua produção, bem como certas perspectivas de análise e tensões políticas decorrentes de seu papel enquanto militante socialista. Na segunda parte, procura-se expor o processo de difusão da obra, especialmente a partir da década de 1960. Parte-se da hipótese de que a confluência entre um notável empreendimento editorial levado a cabo pelos familiares do autor e as circunstâncias sociopolíticas e culturais vivenciadas no Peru e na América Latina facilitaram a construção de redes de recepção transnacional das ideias de Mariátegui. Em um processo de crítica do discurso tradicional da esquerda latino-americana, das vertentes de modernização e das teses dualistas das ciências sociais, observa-se, ainda, que a construção de uma imagem heterodoxa de Mariátegui emerge como um dos principais referenciais de atualização do marxismo. A partir da década de 1990, Mariátegui passa a ser incorporado pela perspectiva decolonial, em particular por Aníbal Quijano, como referencial epistemológico da crítica eurocêntrica. A terceira e última parte deste trabalho tece uma reflexão sobre a recepção de Mariátegui na sociologia brasileira com base em um mapeamento de leitores (e leituras) do intelectual peruano, notadamente Florestan Fernandes e Michael Löwy. / This thesis is a study about José Carlos Mariátegui´s work reception (1894-1930) on Latin America social science. It deals with the social diffusion and appropriations of Mariteguiana´s ideas on the series of intellectual social science history and the history of Marxism in this continent. The first part is dedicated to a social and intellectual study, to investigate Mariátegui literacy incursions in journalism, his position on political Peruvian debate, some aspects of his European intellectual background, the style of his production as well as certain analytical perspectives and political tensions due to his role as a socialist militant. On the second part, it seeks to expose the diffusion process of his work, especially from 1960´s onwards. It considers the hypothesis of a meeting between a notable editorial enterprise coordinated by the author´s relatives and social-political and cultural circumstances experienced in Peru and Latin America favoured the construction of Mariátegui´s transnational ideas reception. In a critical process of traditional Latin American left discourse, of modernization perspectives and dualistic thesis on social science, it is possible to observe that the heterodox image of Mariátegui emerge as one of the most important update referential on Marxism. From the decade of 1990 onwards, Mariátegui becomes incorporated to a colonial perspective, especially by Aníbal Quijano, as a epistemological reference about Eurocentric critic view. The third and last part of this research builds a reflexion on Mariátegui´s reception by Brazilian sociology based on mapping readers (and readings) of the Peruvian intellectual, notably Florestan Fernandes and Michael Löwy.
163

A cor do milagre: o advento da tv em cores no Brasil do regime militar / The color of miracle: the advent of color TV in the Brazil of military regime

Octavio Hermanny Tostes 03 September 2013 (has links)
A presente pesquisa investiga a implantação da televisão analógica em cores no Brasil durante o regime militar em 1972, na perspectiva das relações entre Ciência, Tecnologia e Sociedade (CTS). Analisa as justificativas e consequências políticas, econômicas e técnicas da opção pelo sistema PAL alemão, adaptado às condições de telecomunicações no Brasil, resultando no padrão PAL-M. Relata a chegada da televisão ao país, no pré-Segunda Guerra Mundial, em ação conjunta de propaganda política do Estado Novo de Vargas e o III Reich de Hitler. Registra os marcos principais do desenvolvimento do meio no Brasil e suas relações com o poder político: a inauguração da TV Tupi no início da segunda era Vargas e o lançamento do Jornal Nacional da TV Globo no auge da repressão do regime militar. Descreve as propriedades físicas da cor, sua formação no cérebro humano, pelos processos de adição e subtração das cores primárias, e a discussão de filosofia da ciência travada após Goethe contestar a Teoria das Cores de Newton. Registra o nascimento e a evolução da televisão, de especulação científica no século XIX à condição de meio de comunicação global no século XX, quando pousou na Lua. Descreve os padrões de TV analógica em cores e relata o processo de comparação entre eles e a implantação do sistema PAL-M no Brasil. / This research investigates the deployment of analogical color TV in Brazil, under military rule in 1972, in a Science, Technology and Society (STS) approach. Analyzes the reasons and the political and economic consequences of the option for German PAL color TV system, adapted to the Brazils telecommunications conditions, resulting in the standard PAL-M. Reports the arrival of television to the country in pre-World War II, in a political propaganda act sponsored by both Varga´s New State and Hitler\'s Third Reich. Records the major milestones of the development of the medium in Brazil and its connections with political power: the inauguration of TV Tupi early in the second Vargas era and the launch of TV Globo\'s Jornal Nacional at the height of the repression of the military regime. Describes the physical properties of color, its formation in the human brain by processes of addition and subtraction of the primary colors and the discussion of the philosophy of science after Goethe\'s contest of Newton´s Theory of Colors. Records the birth and evolution of television, from a scientific speculation in the nineteenth century to the global communications medium in the twentieth century, when landed on the moon. Describes the analog color TV standards and the process of comparison between them and the deployment of PAL-M in Brazil.
164

O labirinto periférico: José Carlos Mariátegui e a sociologia crítica latino-americana / The peripheral labyrinth: José Carlos Mariátegui and critical Latin American sociology

Deni Ireneu Alfaro Rubbo 20 August 2018 (has links)
Esta tese é um estudo sobre a recepção da obra de José Carlos Mariátegui (1894-1930) nas ciências sociais latino-americanas. Trata-se de delinear sociologicamente a difusão e as apropriações das ideias mariateguianas no conjunto da história intelectual das ciências sociais e da história do marxismo neste continente. A primeira parte, dedicada a um estudo de trajetória social e intelectual, investiga as incursões literárias de Mariátegui no jornalismo, sua inserção no debate político peruano, alguns aspectos de sua formação intelectual europeia, o estilo de sua produção, bem como certas perspectivas de análise e tensões políticas decorrentes de seu papel enquanto militante socialista. Na segunda parte, procura-se expor o processo de difusão da obra, especialmente a partir da década de 1960. Parte-se da hipótese de que a confluência entre um notável empreendimento editorial levado a cabo pelos familiares do autor e as circunstâncias sociopolíticas e culturais vivenciadas no Peru e na América Latina facilitaram a construção de redes de recepção transnacional das ideias de Mariátegui. Em um processo de crítica do discurso tradicional da esquerda latino-americana, das vertentes de modernização e das teses dualistas das ciências sociais, observa-se, ainda, que a construção de uma imagem heterodoxa de Mariátegui emerge como um dos principais referenciais de atualização do marxismo. A partir da década de 1990, Mariátegui passa a ser incorporado pela perspectiva decolonial, em particular por Aníbal Quijano, como referencial epistemológico da crítica eurocêntrica. A terceira e última parte deste trabalho tece uma reflexão sobre a recepção de Mariátegui na sociologia brasileira com base em um mapeamento de leitores (e leituras) do intelectual peruano, notadamente Florestan Fernandes e Michael Löwy. / This thesis is a study about José Carlos Mariátegui´s work reception (1894-1930) on Latin America social science. It deals with the social diffusion and appropriations of Mariteguiana´s ideas on the series of intellectual social science history and the history of Marxism in this continent. The first part is dedicated to a social and intellectual study, to investigate Mariátegui literacy incursions in journalism, his position on political Peruvian debate, some aspects of his European intellectual background, the style of his production as well as certain analytical perspectives and political tensions due to his role as a socialist militant. On the second part, it seeks to expose the diffusion process of his work, especially from 1960´s onwards. It considers the hypothesis of a meeting between a notable editorial enterprise coordinated by the author´s relatives and social-political and cultural circumstances experienced in Peru and Latin America favoured the construction of Mariátegui´s transnational ideas reception. In a critical process of traditional Latin American left discourse, of modernization perspectives and dualistic thesis on social science, it is possible to observe that the heterodox image of Mariátegui emerge as one of the most important update referential on Marxism. From the decade of 1990 onwards, Mariátegui becomes incorporated to a colonial perspective, especially by Aníbal Quijano, as a epistemological reference about Eurocentric critic view. The third and last part of this research builds a reflexion on Mariátegui´s reception by Brazilian sociology based on mapping readers (and readings) of the Peruvian intellectual, notably Florestan Fernandes and Michael Löwy.
165

Ciências naturais e econômicas na obra de Domingos Vandelli (1735-1816) / Natural and economic sciences in the work of Domingos Vandelli (1735-1816)

Costa, Ricardo Dalla 07 August 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2018-03-08T15:36:14Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Dalla Costa.pdf: 1068461 bytes, checksum: dc45a379959dc7ca52c2dee8ec65fc8b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-08T15:36:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ricardo Dalla Costa.pdf: 1068461 bytes, checksum: dc45a379959dc7ca52c2dee8ec65fc8b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This work addresses the importance of natural and economic history in its different fields, in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century, described through the writings of Domingos Vandelli. From the analysis of documents of the time, such as the Economic Memories of the Royal Academy of Sciences of Lisbon, in addition to unreleased and unpublished manuscripts of the author, the use of goods offered by nature was verified. In general, the close relationship between Portuguese State and science was observed. Certain concepts, such as 'political economy', 'political arithmetic' and 'physiocracy', helped to explore the seventeenth century environment. Vandelli was concerned about the needs of the Kingdom and its colonies. In his studies, he highlighted the mineral coal that, in Lusitanian soil, allowed advances in the reduction of external dependence and in the supply of factories and residences. Vandelli's writings, which were important to the understanding of this source of energy, were even extended in the analysis of the use of peat or charcoal as substitutes in times of great shortage of mineral coal of that period / Este trabalho aborda a importância da história natural e econômica em seus diferentes campos, no final do século XVIII e início do século XIX, descrita através dos escritos de Domingos Vandelli. A partir da análise de documentos da época, como as Memórias Econômicas da Academia Real das Ciências de Lisboa, além de manuscritos inéditos e não publicados do autor, verificou-se o aproveitamento dos bens ofertados pela natureza. De forma geral, observou-se a estreita relação entre Estado e ciência portugueses. Certos conceitos, como „economia política‟, „aritmética política‟ e „fisiocracia‟, ajudaram a explorar o ambiente setecentista. Vandelli preocupava-se com as necessidades do Reino e de suas colônias. Em seus estudos, destacou o carvão mineral que, em solo lusitano, permitiu avanços na redução da dependência externa e no abastecimento de fábricas e residências. Os escritos de Vandelli, importantes na compreensão dessa fonte de energia, prolongaram-se, inclusive, na análise do uso de turfa ou carvão de terra como substitutos nos momentos de grande escassez do carvão mineral daquele período
166

A destilação da psique no século XX: uma análise da interpretação de C. G. Jung sobre as ideias de Gerhard Dorn / Distillation of the psyche in the 20th century: an analysis of C. G. Jung’s interpretation of Gerhard Dorn’s concepts

Calazans, Diogo de Lima e 06 September 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Aparecida de Souza Cardozo (mcardozo@pucsp.br) on 2018-03-09T13:04:38Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Diogo de Lima e Calazans.pdf: 646870 bytes, checksum: 94fdc3a9ffcfa2825e6499dcd9e5d1bb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-09T13:04:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diogo de Lima e Calazans.pdf: 646870 bytes, checksum: 94fdc3a9ffcfa2825e6499dcd9e5d1bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-06 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research was developed under the scope of History of Science, starting from the hypothesis that Gerhard Dorn's (153/35 - 1584) work has played an important role in the validation of key concepts of Carl Gustav Jung's (1875 - 1961) understanding of alchemy. Although Jung's publications contain references to a great number of authors who wrote about the subject, some of them ended up becoming the main characters used by Jung to voice his psychological understanding of alchemy, as well as in the connections found between lab work and Analytical Psychology. Dorn's studies, The Speculative Philosophy and The Meditative Philosophy in special, were of great relevance when Jung defended his thesis about the role of the unconscious process during the alchemical opus. Moreover, the alchemist work became important for Jung's analysis concerning the process of matter transformation – stating that it would actually be the projection of an inner psychological development. Regarding Jung's last work on alchemy, the beliefs found in Dorn's treaty were then used to add the final alchemical shape to one of his most important concepts: the individuation process. With this goal in mind, we approached alchemy at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th as the starting point for this paper, contextualizing Jung's understanding and analyzing the methodology he used in his own studies. Part of this paper is also dedicated to a brief analysis of Gerhard Dorn's work by using the work of some historians of science as our reference. We also sought after themes within Jung's publications in which the alchemist would have used as a way to ground his Jungian hypothesis, in special the importance Jung gives him by claiming Dorn to be one of the first to study the process of individuation. At last, the final chapter is dedicated to the analysis of how Dorn's ideas worked in the constitution of this final concept / A presente pesquisa foi desenvolvida no âmbito da História da Ciência, a partir da hipótese que a obra de Gerhard Dorn (1530/35-1584) teria desempenhado importante papel na fundamentação de conceitos centrais sobre a interpretação de Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) da alquimia. Embora nas publicações de Jung encontremos referência ao trabalho de inúmeros autores que trataram da alquimia, alguns deles acabaram por figurar como personagens principais, sendo utilizados por Jung para dar voz a sua interpretação psicológica da alquimia, assim como nas relações que acabou por estabelecer entre o trabalho de laboratório e a psicologia analítica. Os estudos de Dorn, em especial os tratados A Filosofia Especulativa e A Meditativa Filosofia foram de grande relevância na defesa de Jung de suas teses sobre o papel dos processos inconscientes durante o opus alquímico. Em especial, a obra do alquimista tornou-se importante para a análise de Jung de que o processo de transformação da matéria seria, na verdade, a projeção de um desenvolvimento psicológico interior. Ainda, na última obra de Jung sobre a alquimia, noções contidas nos tratados de Dorn foram então utilizadas para dar os contornos alquímicos finais a um de seus mais importantes conceitos, o processo de individuação. Partindo deste objetivo iniciamos este estudo a partir dos debates sobre a alquimia no final do século XIX e inicio do século XX, situando a interpretação junguiana dentro deste contexto e analisando a metodologia aplicada por Jung em seus estudos. Também dedicamos parte deste trabalho a uma breve análise sobre a obra de Gerhard Dorn, tendo como referencial o trabalho de historiadores da ciência. Ainda, buscamos nas publicações de Jung os temas, nos quais, o alquimista teria sido utilizado como forma de fundamentação das hipóteses junguianas, destacando o papel que Jung lhe atribui como um dos precursores nos estudos sobre o processo de individuação. Por fim, dedicamos o último capítulo a uma análise sobre a aplicação de Jung das ideias de Dorn na formulação final deste conceito
167

Expedição pelo riacho do Ipiranga: história, ciência e ambiente na educação / The Ipiranga creek expedition: history, science and environment in education

Bandeira, Camila Martins da Silva 18 September 2015 (has links)
O presente trabalho discute sobre os referenciais conceituais e metodológicos que subsidiam o Trabalho de Campo denominado Expedição pelo riacho do Ipiranga com a intenção de promover reflexões acerca das relações existentes entre história, ciências naturais e ambiente, através do Jardim Botânico de São Paulo e do Museu Paulista circunscritos na microbacia hidrográfica do Ipiranga. Apresentamos primeiramente a origem da proposta didática e os outros contextos em que o trabalho já foi aplicado mostrando que, embora todos possuam o mesmo recorte, por ser um instrumento educativo, a sua construção é permanente, depende do contexto e dos atores que estão envolvidos. Dentre esses distintos momentos, optamos por focar na disciplina História das ciências no Brasil, situada no programa de pós-graduação da Faculdade de Educação (USP) e, por meio de entrevistas, trouxemos o olhar dos alunos sobre a Expedição para compreender de que modo eles apreendem a prática em campo. Consideramos que as apreensões dos alunos se relacionam a construção de uma visão mais crítica acerca das ciências e da historicidade dos espaços percorridos. Esse sentido vai de encontro com uma historiografia além da ciência europeia que, desenvolvida dentro de um processo de ensino que se propõe a construir relações contextualizadas sobre as ciências, nesse caso a disciplina, pode proporcionar olhares holísticos a respeito da História das ciências no Brasil. Através dessa perspectiva, a Expedição e a construção do nosso estudo são subsidiados situando as instituições científicas ao papel que os jardins botânicos e os museus desempenharam na constituição da historia natural. Essa articulação é desenvolvida a partir da História das ciências, história ambiental e educação ambiental crítica. Utilizamos como figura principal da nossa narrativa o botânico Frederico Carlos Hoehne que ligado aos pressupostos políticos, científicos e sociais da época possuía aspirações conservacionistas, estéticas, educacionais e nacionalistas para o JBSP, por exemplo. Em conjunto a isso também discutimos novos significados para as águas paulistanas que, assim como as áreas verdes percorridas na Expedição, foram manuseadas e usadas de acordo com as premissas de um determinado tempo e espaço. Sob esse enfoque percebemos o intenso processo de urbanização de São Paulo ocultando drasticamente seus córregos, riachos e rios, transformações pautadas principalmente no discurso científico que começa a se situar em outro patamar social a partir da Revolução Científica e Tecnológica no século XVIII. Essa articulação teórica (levantamento bibliográfico e documentação histórica) e prática (saídas de campo e entrevistas com os alunos) permitiu entender a complexidade dos ambientes, a importância de estudos históricos para se olhar a natureza e resgatar a historicidade das ciências no país através de espaços importantes para a cidade paulista até os dias de hoje. Assim como as particularidades das vivências de cada aluno, situando a Expedição como uma proposta que valoriza as singularidades de cada experiência, não desejando que os envolvidos entendam o campo de maneira única e formatada. / The present work discusses the conceptual and methodological references that subsidize the fieldwork called The Ipiranga creek expedition with the intention of promoting reflections about the relationships between history, natural science and environment, through the Botanical Garden of São Paulo and the Paulista Museum circumscribed by the Ipiranga River micro watershed. Firstly, we present the origin of the didactic proposal and other contexts in which the work has been carried out showing that, even though all of them present the same views, its construction is permanent due to the fact that it is an educational tool and it depends on its context and the authors involved. Throughout these distinct moments, we have chosen to focus on the history of science in Brazil subject which integrates the College of Education postgraduate program (USP) and, by carrying out interviews, we brought about the students views on the Expedition to understand the ways in which they had learnt their practice in the field. We consider that the students insecurities are related to the creation of a more critical view on the sciences and the historicity of the areas explored. This meets a historiography which goes beyond the European science that was developed in the teaching process aimed at creating contextualized science relationships. In this case the subject can provide holistic views on the history of science in Brazil. From this perspective, the Expedition and the planning of our study are both subsidized taking into account the scientific institutions and the role that the botanical gardens and the museums have played on the natural history constitution. This articulation is developed from science history, environmental history and critical environmental education. We choose the botanist Frederico Carlos Hoehne as the main figure of our narrative. He was linked to political, scientific and social assumptions from his time and had conservationist, aesthetic, educational and nationalist aspirations for JBSP, for example. Other than this, we also discuss new meanings to the waters in São Paulo, like the green areas explored throughout the Expedition which were handled and used according to the assumptions of that specific time and space. From this perspective we realize the intense process of urbanization in São Paulo, dramatically hiding its streams, creeks and rivers, transformations mainly based on the scientific speech that begins to take place at a different social level from the Scientific and Technological Revolution in the eighteenth century. This theoretical articulation (literature and historical documentation) and practice (fieldwork and students interviews) allowed me to understand the complexity of the environments, the importance of the historical studies in order to see the nature and rescue the historicity of science through important spaces in the city of São Paulo until today. The particularities of each students experience were also taken into account, assessing the Expedition as a proposal that values the singularities of each experience, preventing the students involved from having a single and narrow view of the field.
168

學習社群在電腦支援合作學習環境中的知識共構--以自然科學史為例 / Learning community constructing their knowledge of natural science history in a computer-supported collaborative learning environment

吳佳蓉 Unknown Date (has links)
為協助學生發展更主動與合作的學習方式,透過「學習社群」(learning community)以共構知識,本研究運用以知識翻新(knowledge-building)(Scardamalia, 2002)理念為基礎所建立的數位學習環境—知識論壇(Knowledge Forum)—進行教學。研究目的主要在於探究學生如何透過數位學習平台以進行合作學習、並共構自然科學史知識。研究對象為修習自然科學基礎課程的大學生(N=42)。教學目標主要在幫助學生瞭解自然科學的內涵與歷史發展,並希望藉由知識分享與共構活動讓學生在平台上合作建構科學史。資料來源主要為:(1)授課教師和學生在知識論壇平台上的活動紀錄;(2)學生在知識論壇平台上的貼文與討論;(3)學生共構的科學故事;以及(4)學生對自我學習歷程的期末反思。資料分析主要透過:(1)描述統計—以計算學生在平台上所共構的科學史故事數目貼文數、回文數、與文章閱讀百分比等;(2)內容分析法—以分析教師如何營造知識翻新環境和學生如何發展對科學理論的理解;以及(3)史皮爾曼等級相關分析—以瞭解學生在知識論壇上的活動情形與期末反思強度間之相關性。研究結果發現:(1)以知識翻新原則為取向的課程設計有助於促進學生主動學習;(2)學習社群集體共構科學史可以促進學習者以較宏觀的視野看待科學史;(3)提供合作學習與知識翻新環境(即知識論壇平台)能有效幫助學習者共負集體合作的責任;以及(4)使用知識論壇平台有助於學習者進行更有效益的集體知識建構活動。本研究根據研究結果提出以下幾點建議以供未來有興趣進行知識創新教學的教師之參考:(1)教師應適當採用彈性的課程設計、同時避免過度使用傳統劇本式教學,以培養學生主動學習的習慣;(2)教師應讓學生學習如何面對較彈性、多元的學習內容,使其對某一學習主題可以有機會做更深層的理解;(3)教師應為學生營造知識共構的學習環境,協助學習者創建集體知識;以及(4)教師應善用電腦支援合作學習環境的相關工具以協助學習者進行知識共構與翻新。
169

The Development of Thomas Hobbes' Religious-Politico Thought

Weber, Greg D. Unknown Date
No description available.
170

The machine that made science art : the troubled history of computer art 1963-1989

Taylor, Grant D. January 2005 (has links)
[Truncated abstract] This thesis represents an historical account of the reception and criticism of computer art from its emergence in 1963 to its crisis in 1989, when aesthetic and ideological differences polarise and eventually fragment the art form. Throughout its history, static-pictorial computer art has been extensively maligned. In fact, no other twentieth-century art form has elicited such a negative and often hostile response. In locating the destabilising forces that affect and shape computer art, this thesis identifies a complex interplay of ideological and discursive forces that influence the way computer art has been and is received by the mainstream artworld and the cultural community at large. One of the central factors that contributed to computer art’s marginality was its emergence in that precarious zone between science and art, at a time when the perceived division between the humanistic and scientific cultures was reaching its apogee. The polarising force inherent in the “two cultures” debate framed much of the prejudice towards early computer art. For many of its critics, computer art was the product of the same discursive assumptions, methodologies and vocabulary as science. Moreover, it invested heavily in the metaphors and mythologies of science, especially logic and mathematics. This close relationship with science continued as computer art looked to scientific disciplines and emergent techno-science paradigms for inspiration and insight. While recourse to science was a major impediment to computer art’s acceptance by the artworld orthodoxy, it was the sustained hostility towards the computer that persistently wore away at the computer art enterprise. The anticomputer response came from several sources, both humanist and anti-humanist. The first originated with mainstream critics whose strong humanist tendencies led them to reproach computerised art for its mechanical sterility. A comparison with aesthetically and theoretically similar art forms of the era reveals that the criticism of computer art is motivated by the romantic fear that a computerised surrogate had replaced the artist. Such usurpation undermined some of the keystones of modern Western art, such as notions of artistic “genius” and “creativity”. Any attempt to rationalise the human creative faculty, as many of the scientists and technologists were claiming to do, would for the humanist critics have transgressed what they considered the primordial mystique of art. Criticism of computer art also came from other quarters. Dystopianism gained popularity in the 1970s within the reactive counter-culture and avant-garde movements. Influenced by the pessimistic and cynical sentiment of anti-humanist writings, many within the arts viewed the computer as an emblem of rationalisation, a powerful instrument in the overall subordination of the individual to the emerging technocracy

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