Universidade Federal do Cearà / Esse trabalho à um estudo sobre o atual modelo de atuaÃÃo das Sociedades de crÃdito ao Microempreendedor (SCM). Particularmente, à mostrado o desenvolvimento do marco legal dessas instituiÃÃes, seus limites de atuaÃÃo e as dificuldades encontradas para o pleno desenvolvimento dessa categoria privada de instituiÃÃo de microcrÃdito que tem atuaÃÃo em diversos estados brasileiros. Diante disso foi explorado o dilema entre seus objetivos sociais, o atendimento aos microempreendedores sem acesso ao sistema financeiro formal e seus objetivos econÃmicos e a remuneraÃÃo do capital dos sÃcios dessas empresas. Para tanto, o trabalho està dividido em trÃs capÃtulos, alÃm da introduÃÃo e da conclusÃo final. O primeiro capÃtulo aborda o porquà e como surgiram as instituiÃÃes de microcrÃdito, em conexÃo com as particularidades no atendimento do pÃblico alvo nesse mercado. O segundo capÃtulo expÃe os princÃpios que regem a atuaÃÃo das entidades de microcrÃdito, bem como as dificuldades e soluÃÃes encontradas com a experiÃncia e evoluÃÃo das mesmas. No terceiro capÃtulo sÃo analisadas as SCMs especificamente. No estudo à apresentado o atual marco regulatÃrio, uma anÃlise econÃmico-financeira dessas empresas e sÃo feitos comparativos com outros modelos de entidades jurÃdicas que atuam no mercado brasileiro de microfinanÃas. AlÃm disso, testes estatÃsticos permitiram concluir que as SCMs nÃo se apresentam em um ambiente econÃmico que leve à sustentabilidade e expansÃo de suas atividades. Por fim, sÃo feitas sugestÃes de algumas mudanÃas para que haja maiores oportunidades de crescimento e desenvolvimento das SCMs. / This work is a study about the current model performance of the Micro Entrepreneur Societies ( SCM ). Particularly, it is shown the civil mark development of these institutions, their performance limits and difficulties found for the full development of this private category of microcredit institution that act in many of Brazilian states. Up to that it is explored the dilemma between their social goals, the assistance to microentrepreneurs without access to the formal financial system, and your economic goals, the partners capital remuneration of these companies. For so much, the work is broken in three chapters, besides the introduction and of the final conclusion. The first chapter boards the reason why and as arose microcredit institutions in connection with particularities in the publicâs target assistance in this market. Second chapter exposes which ones are the principles that govern microcredit entities performance and which ones are the difficulties and solutions found with the experience and evolution of those. In the third chapter are analyzed SCMs specifically. In the study It is introduced the current civil mark, it is done a economic and financial analysis of this companies and a comparative with other juridical entities models that act in microfinances Brazilian marked. Yet, statistics tests conclude that the SCMs are in a economic environment that not allows their sustainability and growth. Finally, it is suggested some changes so that has larger growth opportunities and SCMs development.

本研究是以製造業的精實思維與供應鏈管理，做為企業核心能力探討，在外在的產業環境變遷，與客戶需求價值要求的不斷的提升下，台灣的中小型企業曾經面臨了哪些衝擊?對供應鏈的影響為何?企業要永續經營的情況下，勢必需有一定的組織能耐，去接受這些挑戰。 精實，從1960年代開始發展至今，精實生產、精實供應鏈等從精實思維所延伸出的企業改造，受到許多製造業的重視並成為一項重要的管理議題。企業莫不希望藉由精實的實施或導入，期望發掘出改善之處，及各種能夠協助企業增強競爭力的作法。供應鏈策略、供應鏈績效表現都與精實的實踐與思維影響息息相關。 本研究以某上市電子製造公司為個案研究對象，在其不同產業發展背景的時間點，因為外在環境的改變以及考慮內部企業的資源與能力的情形下，將精實思維、供應鏈策略以及供應鏈績效三者之間所產生的相互影響與其關係性做展開與研究分析。所得到的結論與建議，與在個案中的實例: 供應鏈策略擬定、組織與作業流程設計、供應鏈整合到表現在供應鏈績效的提升，希望能夠對未來的精實供應鏈研究，與企業讀者有所幫助

Denna studie har som mål att ta fram en teoretisk modell för hur små- till medelstora företag i norra Sveriges inland på ett enkelt sätt kan arbeta för att effektivisera sina logistikflöden kopplat till distribution och materialplanering. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka hur SMF och deras kapitalbindning påverkas av deras lokalisering och att utifrån det formulera en teoretisk modell som ska hjälpa denna typ av företag att förbättra användandet och utveckla sina resurser med avsikt att reducera bundet kapital. Modellen kommer att grundas på de problem vi finner hos dessa företag samt på befintliga teorier.

¡@¡@Although the Bio-pharmaceutical industry in Taiwan is less then 1% in worldwide medical market¡CAlmost 150 Bio-pharmaceutical companies in Taiwan were met the cGMP standard, yet limited on the R&D human resources and the capital size ¡Amost of the companies all focus on the manufacturing of Generic products. ¡@¡@As the Internationalize and Globalize were mainstreams for all Pharmaceutical industries. We need to take this into consideration that how we increase Taiwan¡¦s competitiveness, and win out over the other industry in the international alliance. And should we improve any weakness? Efficiency, Inventory, or customer needs?¡@¡@ ¡@¡@So far¡Mbecause of the conflict of the Regulation requirements¡M. Most Bio-industry was not using the ERP/SCM for the management¡C In this study¡MWe hope to provide an actual example for the other Bio-industry as reference¡Mand then as an application model to improve the competitiveness of Taiwan Bio-pharmaceutical industry.¡@¡@ ¡@¡@During the dissertation, we discover the monograph rational of ERP/SCM, and consider the regulation limited when follow the SCM model to analyze the process suitability and performance for Bio-pharmaceutical Company. ¡@¡@As result, we know that the ERP/MRP-II system or Supply chain management was necessary to the Bio-pharmaceutical industry.

Abstract:

This thesis is focused on logistics and supply chain management in transnational companies.

The concept of sustainability has become a buzzword in today’s business marketplace. Particularly, the incorporation of sustainability into Supply Chain Management (SCM) has received a great deal of attention from companies of all sizes and even involved a wide range of industries in recent years. Meanwhile, Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) has been highlighted by academic and corporations. With SSCM, more enterprises have benefited from being sustainable in their daily operations. Although research has made contributions, there is still a lack of understanding on how to achieve sustainable development in SCM. Therefore, the overall purpose of this research is to find out the key success factors for implementing the strategic SSCM. To achieve this target, it is necessary to identify appropriate indicators to measure the sustainable activities and figure out the relationship that combined social and environmental dimensions with supply chain activities. This research focused on Swedish global company. Both summaries of literature review and findings of the case company were analyzed to satisfy the research purpose, as a result, definition of sustainability, implementations in SSCM, and the relationship between sustainability and SCM that are based on the actual situations of the case company were presented. After that, five key success factors for implementing the strategic SSCM have been concluded: (1) SSCM needs to be ensured as a strategy within long-term consideration; (2) Standard management system needs to be complied with daily operations; (3) Communication with stakeholders needs to be increased in the supply chain; (4) Respect for human rights, and provide safety working environment; (5) Control resources usage and reduce negative emission to the environment. Accomplish of this research, on the one hand, it clarified the relationship between sustainability and SCM; on the other hand, it also deepened knowledge about how to achieve a strategic SSCM based on an empirical study in wire and cable manufacturing industry.

<p>Electronic health – this is the object of study work. The focus of research is European countries, which use Information and Communication Technologies improving their Health care system and it is not excepted is the country advanced in developing e-Health or it just started to create or improve this system. As it is a new Developing research area, there are not so many direct relevant researches about it previously found. Therefore it encourages the investigation of this topic, which according to European Commission and Enterprise Directorate General (2003) could reach greatest economy on saving costs in whole service sector. Thus the guidelines for efficient e-Health development should be given as soon as possible. The study work is exactly aimed on this.</p>

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Electronic health – this is the object of study work. The focus of research is European countries, which use Information and Communication Technologies improving their Health care system and it is not excepted is the country advanced in developing e-Health or it just started to create or improve this system. As it is a new Developing research area, there are not so many direct relevant researches about it previously found. Therefore it encourages the investigation of this topic, which according to European Commission and Enterprise Directorate General (2003) could reach greatest economy on saving costs in whole service sector. Thus the guidelines for efficient e-Health development should be given as soon as possible. The study work is exactly aimed on this.