<p>Unibrands is a small company that has implemented a postponement strategy without knowing it. However, they have not implemented completely because they do not know the theories behind it. This report is an attempt to understand and analyze the problems of the implementation of postponement in the supply chain of Unibrands, in terms of examining the theoretical succeeds factors of postponement implementation in the case of Unibrands.The purpose is to determine what type of postponement strategy the supply chain use and what factors can hinder the use of postponement strategy in a SME fashion supply chain by applying an qualitative research approach. The collection of empirical data was through the interview guide approach in which we used meetings and telephone interviews with people representing Unibrands and their contact trading company. The results of this research can be concluded in few perspectives. Unibrands is imple-menting postponement in an improper format, with the results of several gaps in the supply chain related to the success factor in postponement. The request for the fully customization in colors and materials, the bottleneck of relationship developing which is caused by factory manager,  complicated procedures for sample testing, and lack of knowledge of different relationships in the supply chain. Postponement is never perfect, but for Unibrands some problems could very well hinder the efficiency in the supply chain. Solutions are proposed to solve the problems in chain. The proposals suggest re-lationship improvement and information sharing. In addition, culture adaptation by in-volving the right people in the right process.</p>

<p>In the rate of changes condition of the market in shape of increasing competitiveness situation, local as global, this leads to that logistics has to be developed in the same rate. Logistics has been developed from the military and after the war, logistics was figurative to the companies transport- and store problems. After this, logistics had been divided up into four different time phases (the seventies to the 21:th century). All these time phases have together develop the spectacle and focus of the logistics today. Afterward further developing of the logistics approach to Supply Chain Management (SCM) and afterward SCM, Demand Chain Management (DCM) was developed in aim to secure that the right products were manufactured on the basis of the end customers real requirement and wishes.</p><p>This paper is taking the aim and problem formulation as a starting point. The problem formulation that I will answer is:</p><p> DCM, a new concept or the Emperor New Clothes?</p><p>The aim with this paper is that I will examine how the historical developing has lead to the spectacle and application of logistics today. Further is the aim to see which difference and likeness the concept SCM and DCM has, in order to see if there is a further time phase of the logistics development that is in approaching. The aim is also to see how DCM practically can be applying. To be able to reach the aim of this paper, a qualitative procedure has been applied. Further I have done literary studies of theory around chosen problem area and I have done an interview.</p><p>Empirical information has been collected by Electrolux AB, which are a world’s leader within manufacturing domestic appliance and corresponding equipment for professional user. The reason why Electrolux were chosen was because they were an early adopter of DCM.</p><p>On the basis of the theory that was studyed around chosen problems area and the empirical information that has analysed, I have draught some conclusion to be able to answer the papers problem area and aim. Some of the conclusion I draught is that the historical development and the four time phrases that it includes, is that the four time phrases successive has formed the methods and tools that SCM constitute of. This developing has taken place under the years of the forties century until today, which makes SCM the result of a historical development rather then as a result of new revelationary ideas. Further I draught the conclusion that SCM should be implemented before DCM. I draught the conclusions that Electrolux apply DCM in a way that they has succeed too apply the theory that is described about DCM, but Electrolux has made an own interpretation of the concept. Via implement the analysis around the papers problem area and aim I consider that DCM is a variant of SCM, where the tool consumer insight is applying. On the basis of this I draught the conclusion that there isn’t sufficient that separate DCM from SCM to be able to approaching that DCM is a new time phrase in the logistical development.</p> / <p>Ändrade förhållanden på marknaden i form av ökande konkurrens har lett till att logistiken måste utvecklas i samma takt. Logistik utvecklades från det militära och har efter andra världskriget överförts och börjat tillämpas på företagens transport- och lagringsproblem. Logistik har därefter delats in i fyra olika tidsfaser (1960-2000-talet) och det är dessa tidsfaser som sedan har utvecklats till dagens synsätt och fokus inom logistik. Därefter utvecklades Supply Chain Management (SCM) och på senare tid även Demand Chain Management (DCM).</p><p>Denna uppsats tar sin utgångspunkt i uppsatsens syfte och problemformulering. Den problemformulering som jag vill besvara med denna uppsats är:</p><p>DCM, nytt koncept eller Kejsarens Nya Kläder?</p><p>Syftet med denna uppsats är att jag vill undersöka hur den historiska utvecklingen lett fram till dagens syn och tillämpning av logistik. Vidare är syftet att se vilka skillnader och likheter koncepten SCM och DCM har för att därigenom kunna se om ytterligare en fas i logistikens utveckling är i antågande samt se hur DCM praktiskt kan tillämpas. För att uppnå syftet med uppsatsen har ett kvalitativt tillvägagångssätt tillämpats. Litterära studier har genomförts av teori kring valt problemområde samt en intervju. Empiriska data har samlats in på Electrolux AB som är en världsledande tillverkare av hushållsmaskiner och motsvarande utrustning för professionell användning. Anledningen till att Electrolux valdes för att göra empiriska studier på, var för att de i ett tidigt skede tillämpade DCM. Utifrån den teori som studerats kring valt problemområde samt utifrån de empiriska data som samlats in och analyserats har även ett antal slutsatser kunnat dras för att kunna besvara uppsatsens problemformulering och syfte. Jag har bland annat dragit slutsatsen att det är logistikens utveckling och dess tidsfaser, som successivt format de metoder och verktyg som SCM utgörs av. Denna utveckling har skett under åren från 1940-talet fram till idag, vilket gör att SCM är resultatet av en successiv utveckling snarare än resultatet av nya revolutionerande idéer. Vidare drar jag slutsatsen att DCM bör föregås av SCM. Slutsatser kring hur Electrolux tillämpar DCM är att de lyckats med att tillämpa den teori som finns beskrivet om DCM, fastän företaget har gjort en egen version av konceptet. Via genomförd analys kring uppsatsens problemformulering och syfte anser jag att DCM är en variant av SCM, där verktyget consumer insight tillämpas. Utifrån detta drar jag slutsatsen att DCM inte skiljer sig tillräckligt mycket från SCM för att kunna utgöra en ny fas i den logistiska utvecklingen.</p>

I nästan varje större organisation som arbetar med mjukvaruutveckling är ett "Software Configuration Management" (SCM) system ett måste. Anledningen till detta är att under utvecklingsfasen förändras mjukvarukoden ofta. Detta leder till att det är svårt att exempelvis spåra ändringar som gjorts tidigare i koden. Om organisationen inte har ett SCM-system blir situationen lätt kaotisk. Att välja ett SCM-verktyg är inte enkelt. Det finns en uppsjö av verktyg på marknaden och varje leverantör erbjuder sina lösningar på problemen. Orsaken till detta är att det inte finns en standard som ett SCM-system måste följa. Det är helt och hållet upp till leverantören vad som ska ingå i systemet och hur det ska fungera. Detta gör det svårt för de organisationer som planerar att köpa in eller har köpt in ett SCM-system för att få den önskade funktionaliteten. Organisationen får helt enkelt anpassa sig efter verktyget. Denna rapport kommer att fokusera på hur det är möjligt att få önskad funktionalitet eller kunna göra förbättringar mot ett befintligt SCM-system genom design av ett fristående verktyg som arbetar mot det i organisationen befintliga SCM-systemet.

A telemetry facility may connect numerous telemetry receivers to a single tracking antenna depending on the number of TM channels involved in the test and on the required redundancy. The tracking data, i.e. AM normalized analog signals extracted by the receivers from the TM signal and the AGC analog signals, are sent to the Antenna Control Unit (ACU) for tracking error calculation. The number of cables between receivers and ACU becomes important in some telemetry facilities and the tracking signals being analog, the distance must be limited. This paper proposes a new tracking architecture that moves from analog to digital links between receivers and ACU with the following main benefits:  Keeping the capability to acquire tracking data (AM&AGC) from several telemetry receivers,  Having more flexibility for integration,  Improving interoperability,  Providing availability of simultaneous tracking errors for enhanced tracking algorithms, for C-band tracking improvement for example.

Master thesis "Impact of Cloud Computing on Supply Chain Management" analyses the provisioning of IT resources in the form of cloud computing services and their impact on supply chain management environment. Attention is focused particularly on providing SaaS model of public applications delivery. The Cloud SCM implementation offers many advantages especially for small and medium sized companies. In this thesis I analysed the specifics of the deployment of Cloud SCM in highly unstable market environment, where a number of business partners share with each other relatively large amount of information. I identified factors of cloud computing, which have a significant impact on supply chain management. At the end of this thesis I analysed the trends of market supply, determined the leading providers of Cloud SCM and identified the specifics of selecting a suitable provider.

This master’s thesis deals with an analysis of information system of the company DATA-Software, spol s.r.o. After evaluating the strengths and weaknesses of the system, changes will be proposed in order to increase the added value the information system generates for the company or to lower its costs while retaining the same functionality.

In recent years, a new generation of distributed version control systems have taken the place of the aging centralized ones, with Git arguably being the most popular distributed system today. We investigate the potential of using Git commit history to predict files that are often changed together. Specifically, we look at the rename tracking heuristic found in Git, and the impact it has on prediction performance. By applying a data mining algorithm to five popular GitHub repositories we extract logical coupling – inter-file dependencies not necessarily detectable by static analysis – on which we base our change prediction. In addition, we examine if certain commits are better suited for change prediction than others; we define a bug fix commit as a commit that resolves one or more issues in the associated issue tracking system and compare their prediction performance. While our findings do not reveal any notable differences in prediction performance when disregarding rename information, they suggest that extracting coupling from, and predicting on, bug fix commits in particular could lead to predictions that are both more accurate and numerous. / De senaste åren har en ny generation av distribuerade versionshanteringssystem tagit plats där tidigare centraliserade sådana huserat. I spetsen för dessa nya system går ett system vid namn Git. Vi undersöker potentialen i att nyttja versionshistorik från Git i syftet att förutspå filer som ofta redigeras ihop. I synnerhet synar vi Gits heuristik för att detektera när en fil flyttats eller bytt namn, någonting som torde vara användbart för att bibehålla historiken för en sådan fil, och mäter dess inverkan på prediktionsprestandan. Genom att applicera en datautvinningsalgoritm på fem populära GitHubprojekt extraherar vi logisk koppling – beroenden mellan filer som inte nödvändigtvis är detekterbara medelst statisk analys – på vilken vi baserar vår prediktion. Därtill utreder vi huruvida vissa Gitcommits är bättre lämpade för prediktion än andra; vi definierar en buggfixcommit som en commit som löser en eller flera buggar i den tillhörande buggdatabasen, och jämför deras prediktionsprestanda. Medan våra resultat ej kan påvisa några större prestandamässiga skillnader när flytt- och namnbytesinformationen ignorerades, indikerar de att extrahera koppling från, och prediktera på, enbart bugfixcommits kan leda till förutsägelser som är både mer precisa och mångtaliga.

The advent of Storage Class Memory (SCM) is driving a rethink of storage systems towards a single-level architecture where memory and storage are merged. In this context, several works have investigated how to design persistent trees in SCM as a fundamental building block for these novel systems. However, these trees are significantly slower than DRAM-based counterparts since trees are latency-sensitive and SCM exhibits higher latencies than DRAM. In this paper we propose a novel hybrid SCM-DRAM persistent and concurrent B-Tree, named Fingerprinting Persistent Tree (FPTree) that achieves similar performance to DRAM-based counterparts. In this novel design, leaf nodes are persisted in SCM while inner nodes are placed in DRAM and rebuilt upon recovery. The FPTree uses Fingerprinting, a technique that limits the expected number of in-leaf probed keys to one. In addition, we propose a hybrid concurrency scheme for the FPTree that is partially based on Hardware Transactional Memory. We conduct a thorough performance evaluation and show that the FPTree outperforms state-of-the-art persistent trees with different SCM latencies by up to a factor of 8.2. Moreover, we show that the FPTree scales very well on a machine with 88 logical cores. Finally, we integrate the evaluated trees in memcached and a prototype database. We show that the FPTree incurs an almost negligible performance overhead over using fully transient data structures, while significantly outperforming other persistent trees.

In this thesis we examine if sanctions had a causal effect on total trade on Russia after its annexation of Crimea 2014. To answer this a synthetic control method (SCM) and a difference in difference (DiD) method was implemented. The results show that a causal effect of sanctions was not found by neither method. However, the year 2016 and 2017 result gave a statistically significant causal effect with the SCM where the synthetic unit is 1.23 times greater than Russia. A general practical or statistically significant causal effect was not found.

The need of building new bridges is always existing in relation with the increase of infrastructureand transport needs. Bridge constructions have traditionally been associated with highconsumption of resources and large greenhouse gas emissions. Involved parts (clients, designers,contractors and material suppliers) see the need for sustainable solutions and the respective partsare searching for means to get there.The large emission of carbon dioxide (CO2) comes from the production of concrete/cementand steel reinforcement bars. Studies in 2017 measured climate gas emissions in the constructingand infrastructure sector, which showed that concrete and reinforcement steel stood for 8 % ofthe CO2 emissions each. The large climate emission from these products led to climate goals forsustainable development, both global and local, with purpose to reduce the climate emissionregulated by the United Nations (U.N) and applied by the Swedish transport administration(Trafikverket).The purpose of this master’s thesis was to identify possible measures that will have positiveimpact on the climate goals. The possible measures could contribute to future guidelines forhow a bridge designer should work to reduce the climate emissions.The master’s thesis is divided into two main parts: Literature study and case study. The literaturestudy identifies the different materials and their climate impact with focus on the materialsconcrete, cement and reinforcement. It also identifies how a bridge designer can affect theclimate impact in a positive way. The case study implements the measures from the literaturestudy that are applicable. The literature study is implemented on a real bridge that is locatedover road E4 in Kalix. Calculations is performed during the case study to measure the climateimpact from the bridge construction process, in terms of CO2, which is compared to differentmeasures found in the literature study.The results from the literature study shows that the largest climate savings can be achieved byreplacing as much Portland cement as possible. Portland cement is replaced by mixing thecement with supplementary cementing materials such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag orcalcined clay. Smaller climate saving was identified by comparing different reinforcementsuppliers and compare their respective environmental product declarations. Finally, recyclingcrushed concrete as coarse aggregates presented possible climate savings along with reducedamounts of waste disposal.Conclusions and results from the studied research are that the largest climate savings can beachieved from the actions made by the material manufacturers. A bridge designer can affect theenvironment by optimizing the bridge structure with the help of suitable bridge types or crosssections.The most effective optimization is achieved through iterative calculations of thedifferent bridge types and cross-sections.