This thesis provides a re-reading of the development of twentieth-century dance, focusing on the choreographic work and creative processes of Mary Wigman, Martha Graham, and Pina Bausch. Using these individuals as markers of three distinct temporal stages of contemporary dance, I argue that avant-garde dance practice throughout the twentieth-century was irrevocably associated with, and influenced by, the aesthetics and ritual practices of non-Western cultures. Instead of charting a chronological structure, I have used a thematic framework based on the concept of ritual performance, beginning with fertility rites (as espoused by different choreographies of Stravinsky’s Rite of Spring), before moving on to explore masking devices, conceptions of national and cultural identity, and mourning and commemoration. Through a series of individual case study analyses, this thesis maps the impact of inter-cultural exchange on the development of non-classical dance. I posit that, as modern dance emerged and evolved throughout the twentieth-century, practitioners consistently drew strong influence from cross-cultural aesthetics; I focus specifically on links between Western (represented by Germany and the United States) and non-Western (including Japanese and Native American) performance. Using evidence drawn from primary source material, including original film footage, photography and personal effects, I construct separate analyses of commonalities in the work of Wigman, Graham, and Bausch, arguing that the ritualistic themes of their work can be viewed as a pattern for the development of contemporary dance more broadly. My research identifies previously unexplored sources of influence upon these artists. This thesis presents a re-evaluation of established discourse by focusing on a foreign influence that has not been identified in current research as a common thread linking these three artists; while connections have been established between German and American early modern dance, the reciprocal influence of Western practice on Far Eastern performance is comparatively uncharted territory. In the second half of this thesis, I outline the response to this cross-cultural dialogue, focusing on the postmodern artistic practice of groups in Japan, Austria and Germany. Accordingly, this thesis deconstructs the notion of cultural isolation, arguing instead that, as a logical outcome of this inter-cultural exchange, dance in the postmodern era is informed by a legacy of universalised, ritualistic practice.

This thesis sheds new light on the origins and significance of ‘compositional inversion’ in sixteenth-century Netherlandish art. Taking Pieter Bruegel’s inverted religious narratives as primary examples of a wider phenomenon, it seeks to account for the seemingly paradoxical method of narrative obfuscation evident in these works. It does so by situating them in art theoretical, iconographic, social, political and spiritual contexts. Chapter 1 turns to the art theories of Karel van Mander, contained in the first book of Het Schilder-Boeck (1604): ‘Den Grondt … ’. Here I suggest that Bruegel’s inverted compositions exemplify an entire tradition in Netherlandish history painting – the ‘historien’ – that van Mander retroactively theorised in ‘Den Grondt’. According to his theoretical position, Netherlandish inverted ‘historien’ derive their efficacy precisely because they obscure narrative, for by doing so they ‘entangle’ the beholder’s ‘insatiable eyes’ and so encourage sustained interest in the story. Chapter 2 then examines the visual tradition in Netherlandish art that inspired Bruegel’s inverted narratives, and concludes that these works possess a distinctive formal ‘Netherlandishness’ and as such they offer fertile territory for examining Bruegel’s “vernacularity”. Finally, in Chapter 3, I argue that compositional inversion evolved as a visual counterpart to contemporary biblical exegeses, specifically Erasmus’s.

This study explores the possibilities of incorporating Bharathanatyam into the Roman Catholic Holy Mass in South India to enhance the liturgy. This thesis argues from the stand point of theology of inculturation, Pope’s encyclicals and Vatican I and II documents on culture, liturgy and the Church. It also looks into the history of the use of dance in the liturgy. A study is undertaken on Bharathanatyam to show that this is one of the Indian indigenous art forms with appropriate dance techniques to interpret the Gospel and the related messages effectively and creatively. The theology of dance discussed in this thesis forms the base for liturgical dance. This will help the congregation for active participation, to celebrate the Holy Mass more meaningfully and to make it relevant to their context. This thesis answers many questions in regard to liturgical dance. During the research, it is found that when the culture is integrated into the liturgy, it is not only the liturgy that can transform the culture but the culture can also transform the liturgy. The incorporation of Bharathanatyam in the Holy Mass can bring transformation in the local communities by bridging the gaps between the religious communities, caste identities and gender.

No description available.

Tese de mestrado. Engenharia Electrotécnica e de Computadores. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2004

No fault found (NFF) errors, i.e. errors which origin has not been established, irregularly occur in electronic devices. The actual cause of such errors varies but one, possibly more prominent, source for these soft errors is atmospheric radiation. The overarching aim of this thesis is to demonstrate: 1) the importance of keeping the atmospheric radiation environment in mind when designing robust airborne systems, 2) how to take this environment into consideration when applying mitigation techniques which may drastically reduce the risk of SEEs (Single Event Effects) which can cause NFF errors. To achieve these goals, Part 1 of this thesis describes how cosmic rays affect electronics (i.e. what kind of errors may be induced), which types of devices are susceptible to radiation, and why this subject is of extra importance for airborne systems. In addition, soft error mitigation techniques, which may be applied at different design levels to reduce the soft error rate (SER) or the impact of soft errors, are also presented. The aim is further corroborated by Part 2. Five subsystems of a modern aircraft are studied and real examples of failures potentially induced by atmospheric radiation are presented. For each of the five systems, all errors that have been reported for these (in the past few years) have been studied, and the number of errors found to be potentially induced by cosmic radiation has been listed and compared to number of expected soft errors based on calculations and previous experimental tests.

Gerald Finzi (1901-1956) was an excellent English composer in the twentieth century. He has devoted his whole life to popularize British music and preserve literature. In the songbook Oh Fair to See, Finzi¡¦s wife and son collected seven songs which he had composed but have never published since 1921 to 1956. This study is to discover the close connection between literature and music by analyzing the lyrics and music of these songs. This study mainly contains four parts: the biographical life about Gerald Finzi, the characteristics of Finzi¡¦s art songs, the composing background of Oh Fair to See, and analysis of these songs. Each song shows Finzi¡¦s intuitive sense of blending words and sounds. Finzi employed a wide variety of figures both in the vocal phrases and in the accompaniment with an alternate and extensive use of tonal and model scale, which shows Finzi¡¦s creation that has great combination of music and poetry.

My thesis aims to explore how John Ruskin's idea of the workman's "freedom of thought" was disseminated to late Victorian female consumer culture, through the transformation of its ideal from Gothic architecture into Eastern decorative art. By examining both elite and popular Aesthetic texts, I will argue that references to Eastern art are not only about the issue of style, but also involve theoretical interests about how to integrate art, consumption, women and the home. In chapter one, I examine Ruskin's conception of workmen's free thought, and how the architect William Godwin adapted it by transferring his ideal example of it from Gothic to Eastern architecture. In chapter two, I discuss how manual books by Mary Eliza Haweis acknowledged the authority of wealthy middle-class women's consumption by using Ruskin's ideas alongside Eastern dress examples. In chapters three and four, I examine the Art at Home series, an affordable set of household manuals, to see how they acknowledged less wealthy middle-class women's capacity to be effective house decorators by raising the status of inexpensive Eastern art. Chapter five analyses the catalogues of Liberty's, an Oriental goods shop, and examines how they presented the principles of Eastern art as their own. In chapter six, I discuss The Woman's World, edited by Oscar Wilde, to show how the perspective of Eastern art can crystallise the definitions of female artists by both elite and popular Aesthetes. In chapter seven, I will examine the representation of Eastern art in Vernon Lee's Miss Brown, and show how her text is a critical response to the definition of female artists in elite and popular Aestheticism. By focusing on these various approaches to Eastern art, we can see that Aestheticism was engaged in a process of critiquing and customising Ruskin's ideas in order to acknowledge the artistry and autonomy of consumers.

Kaunas sea contains more than 500 mln. m3 of Nemunas water. The Kaunas' sea Regional park was established at 1992. The purpose - to retain ecosystem, landscape, and inheritance of culture. Water molluscs - invertebrate organisms. They are very important in such ecosystem. Outspread of water molluscs is interconnected with climatic and edafical factors and is not influenced by such factors as competition.

Brangstant iškastiniam kurui, vėjo elektrinių ir jų parkų statymas ir prijungimas prie elektros tinklų šiuo metu darosi labai aktuali tema. Lietuvoje vis plačiau, ne tik pajūryje, yra statomos ir prijungiamos vėjo elektrinės ir jų parkai. Mano darbo tikslas yra ištirti vėjo elektrinių parko Baltijos jūroje Lietuvos respublikos teritorijoje, prijungimo prie elektros tinklų galimybes, kas įtakoja jų prijungimo galimybes. Darbe ištirta šiuo metu aktuali Baltijos jūros vėjo elektrinių parko statybos galimybė. Parinktoje teritorijoje suprojektuotas vėjo elektrinių parko išdėstymas, numatyta prijungimo prie esamų perdavimo tinklų prijungimo galimybė.. Palyginti parkų išorinio prijungimo schemų variantai, bei išnagrinėtos jūros vėjo energetikos prijungimo prie krante esančių elektros tinklų problemos. Numatytos tolimesnių tyrimų kryptys. / Together with the increasing price of the fossil fuel, construction of wind power-stations and their parks as well as their connection to electrical networks has become a relevant topic. In Lithuania, wind power-stations and their parks have been constructed and connected not only in the seaside. The aim of my Work is to analyze possibilities of the wind power-stations’ park in the Baltic sea in the territory of the Republic of Lithuania, their connection to electrical networks and influencing factors. The Work analyses the relevant possibility of constructing the Baltic park of the sea wind power-stations. The selected theory projected the arrangement of the park of wind power-stations; the possibility of connection to the existing transmission networks was defined. Variants of external connection schemes have been compared and problems of connecting the sea wind energetic to electrical networks in the coastline have been analyzed. Further Survey aspects have been projected.