<p>I denna uppsats diskuteras företagens self-service technology (SST) vilket innebär att kunderna själva får utföra sina tjänster med hjälp av företagens SST. Genom att låta kunderna göra detta kan företagen exempelvis spara pengar på att omorganisera personal eller rent av minska arbetsstyrkan eftersom mindre kunder kommer att kräva hjälp av personalen.</p><p>I denna uppsats har resebranschen och dess SST att studeras. Uppsatsens frågeställning lyder: ”Hur upplever resebranschens kunder bokningar över</p><p>Internet” där syfte är ”att undersöka och få förståelse för varför resebranschens kunder använder sig av SST när det finns andra möjligheter”.</p><p>En kvalitativ metod har genomförts där sex kunder har lagt grunden till uppsatsens resultat. De huvudteorier som använts i denna uppsats är SST, customer value och technology readiness, och Davis TAM modellen samt Sheths value teori har legat till grund för analysen i uppsatsen.</p><p>Teorin bakom SST är att det inte bara gynnar företagen utan även gynnar kunderna, då SST kan höja kundnyttan. Några exempel är att kunderna sparar tid, pengar och de får kontroll över sitt eget handlande vid användning av SST.</p><p>Ett problem som uppsatsen belyser är huruvida kunder är teknologiskt redo för att använda sig av tekniken.</p><p>Resultatet i denna studie visar att den primära orsaken till att kunder använder sig av SST är att det blir billigare, de kan göra det när som helst samt att kunderna i sin egen takt hitta den bästa resan utan att behöva förlita sig på reseföretagets försäljare. Kunderna upplever resebranschens SST som enkel att använda och ju säkrare de blir, dess mer använder de sig av den även om de anser att tekniken bör utvecklas.</p>

I denna uppsats diskuteras företagens self-service technology (SST) vilket innebär att kunderna själva får utföra sina tjänster med hjälp av företagens SST. Genom att låta kunderna göra detta kan företagen exempelvis spara pengar på att omorganisera personal eller rent av minska arbetsstyrkan eftersom mindre kunder kommer att kräva hjälp av personalen. I denna uppsats har resebranschen och dess SST att studeras. Uppsatsens frågeställning lyder: ”Hur upplever resebranschens kunder bokningar över Internet” där syfte är ”att undersöka och få förståelse för varför resebranschens kunder använder sig av SST när det finns andra möjligheter”. En kvalitativ metod har genomförts där sex kunder har lagt grunden till uppsatsens resultat. De huvudteorier som använts i denna uppsats är SST, customer value och technology readiness, och Davis TAM modellen samt Sheths value teori har legat till grund för analysen i uppsatsen. Teorin bakom SST är att det inte bara gynnar företagen utan även gynnar kunderna, då SST kan höja kundnyttan. Några exempel är att kunderna sparar tid, pengar och de får kontroll över sitt eget handlande vid användning av SST. Ett problem som uppsatsen belyser är huruvida kunder är teknologiskt redo för att använda sig av tekniken. Resultatet i denna studie visar att den primära orsaken till att kunder använder sig av SST är att det blir billigare, de kan göra det när som helst samt att kunderna i sin egen takt hitta den bästa resan utan att behöva förlita sig på reseföretagets försäljare. Kunderna upplever resebranschens SST som enkel att använda och ju säkrare de blir, dess mer använder de sig av den även om de anser att tekniken bör utvecklas.

Yes / This study aimed to examine the key factors predicting Jordanian consumers’ intentions and usage of three types of self-service banking technologies. This study also sought to test if the impacts of these main predictors could be moderated by channel type. This study proposed a conceptual model by integrating factors from the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT), along with perceived risk. The required data were collected from a convenience sample of Jordanian banking customers using a survey questionnaire. The statistical results strongly support the significant influence of performance expectancy, social influence, and perceived risk on customer intentions for the three types of SSTs examined. The results of the X2 differences test also indicate that there are significant differences in the influence of the main predictors due to the moderating effect of channel type. One of the key contributions of this study is that three types of SSTs were tested in a single study, which had not been done before, leading to the identification of the factors common to all three types, as well as the salient factors unique to each type.

Background: The society has changed and become increasingly characterized by technology-facilitated interactions. Companies are starting to make use of self-service. technologies (SSTs), instead of interpersonal encounters during service deliveries. Customers’ usage of SSTs has been examined in previous research. However, previous studies have ignored the fact that different types of SSTs have different factors that influence customer's experience and decision to use them, increasing the relevance of examining one specific SST, namely private SST to achieve more accurate results regarding what specific factors that influences customer decision to use this type of SST. The reason for choosing private SSTs is not only because it is the most recent type of SST, it is also the type of SST that develops continuously with the increased use of the Internet and the World Wide Web. Purpose: The purpose of this research is to identify the most important factors influencing customers to use private SST. Research Questions:- What value judgement influences customers to use private SSTs the most? - What factors influences customers’ value judgements? Methodology: This research takes on a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design. The chosen data collection method is performed through one independent survey. Conclusion: Hedonic and utilitarian value judgements have a positive relationship towards customer's decision to use private SSTs. The utilitarian value judgements have a greater impact on customer's decision to make use of private SSTs, in comparison to the hedonic value judgements. However, hedonic value judgements can still be considered as an important factor in influencing customer's decision to use private SSTs, as the hedonic value judgements still have a relatively strong impact on customer's decision to use private SSTs.

As digitalization and sustainability evolves, the environment in which businesses operate constantly change. Value perceptions shift as a result of this and become increasingly multifaceted. Businesses must therefore adapt their business models. This is an issue within B2BIT procurement processes which are object to continuous change. Self-service technology (SST) are prevalent in B2C transaction sectors such as hospitality, leisure and e-commerce. SST enables the integration of functions and new technologies to enhance customer offerings. However, research has neglected the B2B perspective of SST which is crucial when utilizing the technology to improve IT procurement processes. Our findings contribute to the understanding of how SST can be leveraged to satisfy stakeholders’ value perceptions in a B2B IT procurement process. This is done by examining how the functions of a general SST fulfills the value aspects based on the triple bottom line framework. Specifically, the SST solution offered by Company X is investigated, including the value-added services that are integrated in the specific SST. The study showcases the novelty of SST and provides insights for business models utilizing SST. The study concludes that tailored value-added services are key to meet value perceptions. However, the principal foundation of the framing is understanding of stakeholder needs. Furthermore, the study concludes that digitalization drives enhanced value perceptions of sustainability, aligned with the triple bottom line distinction, when a business model uses a new technology tailored for its stakeholders. / I takt med digitaliseringen och ökat hållbarhetsfokus befinner sig företag i en konstant föränderlig miljö. Som ett resultat ändras uppfattningar om värde som också är mångfacetterade. Företag måste därför anpassa sina affärsmodeller. Detta är ett problem inom B2B IT-inköpsprocesser som står inför ständig förändring. Self-service technology (SST) är en teknik som är utbredd bland B2C-segment som besöksnäringen, nöjesindustrin och e-handel. SST möjliggör integration av funktioner och ny teknik för att förbättra kunderbjudande. Forskningen har dock eftersatt att fokusera på B2B-perspektivet av SST, vilket är avgörande för att tekniken ska kunna användas på rätt sätt för att förbättra IT-inköpsprocesser. Denna studie bidrar till förståelse för hur SST kan utnyttjas för att tillfredsställa intressenters värdeuppfattningar inom IT-inköp. Detta görs genom att undersöka hur funktionerna i en allmän SST bidrar till värdeaspekter enligt triple bottom line-ramverket. Specifikt undersöks SST lösningen som tillhandahålls av företag X, inklusive de mervärdestjänster som deras SST har integrerat. Studien påvisar att SST är outforskat och ger insikter för affärsmodeller som ämnar använda SST. Studien drar slutsatsen att skräddarsydda mervärdestjänster är avgörande för att tillgodose intressenters behov. Den huvudsakliga grunden för inramningen är dock att förstå intressenters behov. Vidare drar studien slutsatsen att digitalisering driver förbättrade uppfattningar av värde kopplat till alla hållbarhetsaspekter, enligt triple bottom line-ramverket, när en affärsmodell använder en ny teknik skräddarsydd för sina intressenter.

Bakgrund Hotellbranschen står inför utmaningar vad gäller att möta gästens ständigt förändrade förväntningar. För att ligga i framkant i gästerbjudandet satsas mer än någonsin på investeringar i teknologi där implementering av SST är en strategi för att överleva. Detta förändrar gästens roll i servicemötet vilket skapar en osäkerhet angående adoption av SST. Syfte Studiens syfte är att från ett kundperspektiv skapa en djupare förståelse för adoption av självserviceteknologi (SST) genom att identifiera och förstå faktorer som triggar en hotellgästs inställning och användande av SST vid incheckning. Genomförande Med avstamp i en litteraturgenomgång genomfördes en förstudie i form av ostrukturerade intervjuer med hotellgäster i syfte att identifiera triggers. Utifrån förstudien och litteraturgenomgången skapades sedan en enkät som analyserades kvantitativt i programmet SPSS för att med stöd av kvalitativa delar från förstudien besvara studiens forskningsfrågor. Slutsats Hotellgästen har generellt en god inställning till SST vid incheckning vilket förklaras mycket av SSTs förmåga att minska kö och väntan. Gästens behov av mänsklig interaktion har dock visat sig hämma adoptionen. SST vid incheckning anses vara en naturlig utveckling men behovet av interaktion tyder på att gästen inte är riktigt redo för hur teknologins framfart förändrar roller och manus i servicemötet. Istället kan interaktion ske utanför incheckningsmomentet, så länge personal finns tillgänglig på gästens villkor finns goda förutsättningar att öka gästens inställning och därmed användande av SST. / Background The hotel business is facing great challenges meeting the guest’s constantly pivoted expectations. In order to maintain the guest offering attractive, hotels are investing more than ever in technology with SST as a strategy of survival. This changes the customers’ role which makes the customer adoption doubtful. Purpose  The purpose of this study is to create a deeper knowledge for adoption of SST from a customer perspective. This by identify and understand triggers of a hotel guest’s attitude and intention to use SST at the check in. Completion  With support from a literature review, a pre-study in form of unstructured interviews with hotel guests took place in order to identify triggers. With the pre-study and literature review in mind a survey was carried out and later analysed using the software SPSS. The quantitative analysis was supported by qualitative results from the pre-study in order to fulfil the purpose. Conclusion  The hotel guest has in general a good attitude to SST at the check in which is shown to by a large extent be explained by the ability to reduce queue and waiting time. Thus is the guest’s need for interaction a hinder for adoption. SST at the check in is more or less seen as a natural service progress, but the need for interaction implies that the guest is not quite ready for how technology is changing role and script. Instead interaction can take place separated from the check in - as long as personnel is available for interaction on the guest’s own terms there are good chances to increase their attitude and thereby usage of SST.

This work focuses on how to improve medical services for veterans in a manner that will result in high levels of satisfaction and attainment of needed services. This research assess how veterans access healthcare and receive service. The problem to be addressed relates to reports by veteran healthcare organizations regarding the presence of gaps in coverage and customer service disparities in healthcare. Common concerns involve the gaps between veterans’ expectations for services and the provided services. This study created a survey instrument that contextualized components of established scales along with demographics and constructs specific to the current study. This study assessed the relationships among a variety of constructs and dimensions with healthcare expectations and service quality using a series of simple regressions. The results showed a statistically significant relationship between quality and the use or intention to use technology. The study supports the contention that respondents are willing to use self-service technologies. Technology that incorporates digital devices into healthcare services offers an opportunity to bridge service gaps and holds a promise for giving veterans faster access to service and care in a beneficial manner.

<p>Service recovery is about problems. What happens when customers experience problems? Well, sometimes customers complain to the one responsible for the service. Sometimes customers do not complain but instead tell somebody else about the problem, possibly leading to a bad reputation for the one responsible for the service. Sometimes it happens that customers never return to the same provider because of the problem experienced. To avoid the customer leaving, service recovery can be used. Service recovery is a set of actions a service pro-vider can take in order to repair a failure (Tax and Brown, 1998; Zemke, 1995; Scheuing and Christopher, 1993; Levesque and McDougall, 2000).</p><p>In addition, many services today are Internet-based, meaning that services are self-services enabled by information technology (IT). Self-services enabled by IT, referred to as self-service technology (SST), are characterized by an interac-tion between a user and a machine rather than between two humans. Conse-quently, service recovery is no longer between two people interacting in a face-to-face manner when solving problems, but between a user and a machine when taking place in an SST context.</p><p>This change of context has resulted in difficulties but also opportunities in the work of service recovery. Instead of turning to the one responsible for the service when problems occur, it is now possible to turn to other customers and users to receive help. SST has opened up new opportunities to learn with and from other individuals through the sharing of knowledge. The sharing of knowledge for the purpose of turning problems into solutions and improve-ments depends on the ability to create value for people involved.</p><p>Service recovery in a self-service technology context, i.e. self-service recovery (SSR) is defined as the capability, enabled by self-service technology, of turning user prob-lems into solutions and improvements by means of sharing knowledge between users in order to create value.</p><p>The aim of this doctoral thesis is to answer the question, “Why self-service recovery works?” The question is addressed by seven research studies and by evolving a framework for understanding why self-service recovery works.</p><p>The contributions of this dissertation reside from the framework, which en-hances our understanding of self-service recovery as a value creation activity through not only recovery, but also improvement of the service in question.</p>

Service recovery is about problems. What happens when customers experience problems? Well, sometimes customers complain to the one responsible for the service. Sometimes customers do not complain but instead tell somebody else about the problem, possibly leading to a bad reputation for the one responsible for the service. Sometimes it happens that customers never return to the same provider because of the problem experienced. To avoid the customer leaving, service recovery can be used. Service recovery is a set of actions a service pro-vider can take in order to repair a failure (Tax and Brown, 1998; Zemke, 1995; Scheuing and Christopher, 1993; Levesque and McDougall, 2000). In addition, many services today are Internet-based, meaning that services are self-services enabled by information technology (IT). Self-services enabled by IT, referred to as self-service technology (SST), are characterized by an interac-tion between a user and a machine rather than between two humans. Conse-quently, service recovery is no longer between two people interacting in a face-to-face manner when solving problems, but between a user and a machine when taking place in an SST context. This change of context has resulted in difficulties but also opportunities in the work of service recovery. Instead of turning to the one responsible for the service when problems occur, it is now possible to turn to other customers and users to receive help. SST has opened up new opportunities to learn with and from other individuals through the sharing of knowledge. The sharing of knowledge for the purpose of turning problems into solutions and improve-ments depends on the ability to create value for people involved. Service recovery in a self-service technology context, i.e. self-service recovery (SSR) is defined as the capability, enabled by self-service technology, of turning user prob-lems into solutions and improvements by means of sharing knowledge between users in order to create value. The aim of this doctoral thesis is to answer the question, “Why self-service recovery works?” The question is addressed by seven research studies and by evolving a framework for understanding why self-service recovery works. The contributions of this dissertation reside from the framework, which en-hances our understanding of self-service recovery as a value creation activity through not only recovery, but also improvement of the service in question.

Background: Innovation is an important aspect of business today. It is important for companies to be innovative in order to stay competitive with their competitors. During the last couple of decades, technology has become more and more common both in our daily life, as well as in businesses. This has lead to an increase in technology implementation, especially within the service industry, where customers now can use self-service technologies in order to receive the service on their own. However, a lack of self-service technologies was discovered within the fast food industry. Since these types of innovations increased the service efficiency and decreased the waiting-time for customers, the authors believed that this would be very interesting for local managers within the fast food industry. Therefore, the authors began to investigate how much power local management has over these types of new innovations. Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore how local management affects the innovation process, within fast food restaurant chains. Method: By conducting a cross-case study with the two fast food companies Subway and Max, the authors interviewed local fast food managers in order to explore the effect local management have on the innovation process. These two cases were selected since Subway fully consists of franchisees, while Max is almost completely company owned. Therefore, the two most common organizational structures within the fast food industry are included which will provide a more fair view of the industry. Conclusion: The effect of the innovation process has a positive relationship with the amount of power distributed to the local management. However, these areas differ depending on the organizational structure, with franchisees achieving their highest amount of power within medium-sized innovations and managers in company-owned outlets maintain their highest amount of power within minor innovations. Even though the overall communication was perceived as satisfying and efficient, large opportunities for improvements occur. By implementing more horizontal communication within the local management, it is in the belief of the authors that the entire internal communication will benefit. Especially this would benefit the franchise system where an increased local communication and collaboration would lead to more efficient communication throughout the entire organization.