This MA thesis aims at describing the Czech counterparts to the English copular verbs of sensory perception, presupposing lexical differences due to the unequeal size of the repertoire available to each of the languages. After discussing the approaches of the major grammars of English to copular verbs, the MA thesis analyses the translation equivalents excerpted from the English-Czech section of the multilingual corpus InterCorp. The final set of translation pairs comprises 217 examples, with 50 examples of copular clauses with look, feel, smell, sound and 17 sentences with the predicate taste. The analysis, divided into sections investigating each copula individually, shows that the prevailing means of translating an English copular predication of perception are lexical verbs (in 78% of occurrences), most frequently followed by an adverbial (in 72% of occurrences). In particular, the most usual translation was an intransitive verb followed by an adverb. Verbs with a complementation comprise a low number of occurrences. Similarly, fusion appeared very rarely (usually with the copula feel). Czech copular verbs as counterparts of the English copulas of perception occurred only in the imperfective aspect (být) comprising 9% of all counterparts. Comparing the languages revealed that Czech copulas are...

The aim of the thesis was to find occupational therapy tests, or part thereof which could be used to test various inputs perception function of CNS. In cooperation with child and adult occupational therapists from Motol Hospital were researched occupational therapy various standardized tests designed to test children and adults. Then of them selected those tests (or a portion thereof) that contain the testing of individual sensory modalities of adult patients. Ultimately, these tests were applied to a group of adult population and evaluated. The whole work was compiled in the form of research. It was assumed that in the sets occupational therapy standardized tests, there are tests or parts that are able to focus their testing different modalities of perception function of the CNS within the cortical functions.

The diploma thesis is addressed to a developing of sensory perception of children educated as pupils with severe mental retardation and pupils with multiple disabilities. The thesis suggests their educational opportunities in the topic of "Man and their society". The thesis follows up all the senses and their developing, as well as it provides methodical support and suggests the ways of rendition and implementation into the educational reality. The research evaluates the improvement of sensory perception of four pupils during a two-year-long period. It proves a point that the systematical and long-term working with the pupils with severe mental retardation and pupils with multiple disabilities results in progress.

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Introdução: O implante coclear proporciona aos indivíduos com perda auditiva severa e severa a profunda, que não se beneficiam do uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual, maior habilidade quanto à comunicação. Os potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência (N1, P2, N2 e P300) podem ser um indicador diferencial na avaliação dos usuários de implante coclear. Esses potenciais fornecem parâmetros objetivos de geradores neurais, relacionados às habilidades de atenção, discriminação e memorização de estímulos tonais ou de fala. No estudo, os potenciais N1, P2, N2 e P300, gerados por estímulos de fala em usuários de implante coclear, foram caracterizados e posteriormente correlacionados às variáveis: percepção de fala, tempo de surdez e tempo de uso do implante. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Clínica de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru e no Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas do Hospital de reabilitação de Anomalias, ambos unidades da Universidade de São Paulo. Os potenciais foram captados por eletrodos posicionados nas regiões Cz/Fz/M1/M2 da calvária e conectados ao Biologic\'s Evoked Potential System (EP) por cabos, seguindo os padrões do sistema internacional 10-20. Participaram da pesquisa 25 usuários de implante coclear, portadores de surdez pré-lingual, na faixa etária de 6,6 a 12,3 anos. Para realização do procedimento os indivíduos foram orientados a levantar a mão assim que ouvissem o estímulo raro (/a/ e /da/), apresentado na proporção de 20/80 em relação ao estímulo freqüente (/i/ e /ba/). Os estímulos de fala /ba-da/ e /i-a/ foram apresentados em oddball paradigma, a uma intensidade de 60 dB NPS por uma caixa acústica. Resultados: Foram observadas correlações estatisticamente significantes entre a latência do potencial N1 e o tempo de surdez e de uso do implante; entre amplitude do potencial P2 e o tempo de surdez e tempo de uso do implante; entre a latência do potencial P300 e o reconhecimento de palavras. A latência média do N1 aumentou 6 ms por ano em relação ao tempo de surdez, mantido o tempo de uso do implante constante e diminuiu 3 ms de acordo com o aumento de 1 ano no tempo de uso. A amplitude média do P2 diminuiu 1 ?V, com o aumento do tempo de surdez em 1 ano, mantendo-se o tempo de uso fixo e aumentou, 0,5 ?V com o prolongamento de 1 ano no tempo de uso do IC, mantido o tempo de surdez constante. A latência média do potencial P300 aumentou 2 ms, de acordo com a piora do escore de reconhecimento de palavras,e diminuiu 2 ms proporcionalmente à melhora do mesmo escore. Conclusões: As variáveis: tempo de surdez e de uso do implante, influenciaram os valores de latência e amplitude dos potenciais N1 e P2 , sugerindo plasticidade cortical. A latência do potencial P300 refletiu os processos cognitivos relacionados às habilidades de atenção e discriminação auditiva e apresentou relação de significância com os escores de percepção de fala nos usuários de implante coclear / Introduction: Cochlear implants supply subjects presented with severe and profound hearing loss, who do not benefit from the hearing aid, with a greater communication ability. The long latency auditory evoked potentials (N1, P2, N2 and P300) are a differential indicator in the assessment of cochlear implant users. These potentials provide objective parameters of neural generators related to the skills of attention, discrimination and memorization of tonal or speech stimuli. In this study, potentials N1, P2, N2 and P300, generated through speech stimuli in cochlear implant users, were characterized and correlated with the variables speech perception, time of deafness and time of cochlear implant use. Methodology: the research was carried out at the Speech Pathology clinic of the Dental School and at the Audiological Research Center with the Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital, both with University of São Paulo at Bauru, SP. The potentials were recorded by electrodes placed in regions Cz/Fz/M1/M2 of the skull and connected to the Biologic\'s Evoked Potential System (EP) through cables, according to the standards of international system 10-20. Twenty-five cochlear implant users, presented with pre-lingual deafness, in the age range 6.6 - 12.3 yrs, participated in the study. The subjects were requested to raise their hand as soon as they heard the rare stimulus (/a/ and /da/), presented in the proportion 20/80 in relation to the frequent stimulus (/i/ and /ba/). The speech stimuli /ba-da/ and /i-a/ were presented in oddball paradigm, at an intensity of 60 dB NPS, through a speaker. Results: statistically significant correlations were observed between the latency of potential N1 and the time of deafness and time of cochlear implant use; between amplitude of potential P2 and the time of deafness and time of cochlear implant; between the latency of potential P300 and word recognition. The mean latency of N1 increased 6 ms per year in relation to the time of deafness, with the time of implant use constant and diminished 3 ms according to the increase of 1 year in the time of use. The mean amplitude of P2 diminished 1 ?V, as the time of deafness increased in a year, by keeping fixed the time of use, and increased 0.5 ?V, with the increase of a year in the time of CI use, by keeping constant the time of deafness. The mean latency of potential P300 increased 2 ms as the word recognition score worsened and diminished 2 ms proportionally to the improvement of the same score. Conclusions: The variables time of deafness and cochlear implant use influenced the latency and amplitude of potentials N1 and P2, suggesting a cortical plasticity. The latency of potential P300 reflected the cognitive processes related to skills of auditory attention and discrimination, and presented a significance relation with the word perception score, in the subjects evaluated

This theoretical project-based thesis focuses on surface quality of art objects in the field of artwork. The theoretical section provides general insight into the problematics and it also offers concrete examples of artistic and architectural creations where texture serves an important role. It further introduces and elaborates a few instances of art lessons from special didactics focusing on texture utilization in its artistic activities. The project section of the thesis contains seven logically systematized art lessons which utilize various forms of experimental activities dealing with the subject of texture suitable for the primary school children.

Introdução: O implante coclear proporciona aos indivíduos com perda auditiva severa e severa a profunda, que não se beneficiam do uso de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual, maior habilidade quanto à comunicação. Os potenciais evocados auditivos de longa latência (N1, P2, N2 e P300) podem ser um indicador diferencial na avaliação dos usuários de implante coclear. Esses potenciais fornecem parâmetros objetivos de geradores neurais, relacionados às habilidades de atenção, discriminação e memorização de estímulos tonais ou de fala. No estudo, os potenciais N1, P2, N2 e P300, gerados por estímulos de fala em usuários de implante coclear, foram caracterizados e posteriormente correlacionados às variáveis: percepção de fala, tempo de surdez e tempo de uso do implante. Metodologia: A pesquisa foi desenvolvida na Clínica de Fonoaudiologia da Faculdade de Odontologia de Bauru e no Centro de Pesquisas Audiológicas do Hospital de reabilitação de Anomalias, ambos unidades da Universidade de São Paulo. Os potenciais foram captados por eletrodos posicionados nas regiões Cz/Fz/M1/M2 da calvária e conectados ao Biologic\'s Evoked Potential System (EP) por cabos, seguindo os padrões do sistema internacional 10-20. Participaram da pesquisa 25 usuários de implante coclear, portadores de surdez pré-lingual, na faixa etária de 6,6 a 12,3 anos. Para realização do procedimento os indivíduos foram orientados a levantar a mão assim que ouvissem o estímulo raro (/a/ e /da/), apresentado na proporção de 20/80 em relação ao estímulo freqüente (/i/ e /ba/). Os estímulos de fala /ba-da/ e /i-a/ foram apresentados em oddball paradigma, a uma intensidade de 60 dB NPS por uma caixa acústica. Resultados: Foram observadas correlações estatisticamente significantes entre a latência do potencial N1 e o tempo de surdez e de uso do implante; entre amplitude do potencial P2 e o tempo de surdez e tempo de uso do implante; entre a latência do potencial P300 e o reconhecimento de palavras. A latência média do N1 aumentou 6 ms por ano em relação ao tempo de surdez, mantido o tempo de uso do implante constante e diminuiu 3 ms de acordo com o aumento de 1 ano no tempo de uso. A amplitude média do P2 diminuiu 1 ?V, com o aumento do tempo de surdez em 1 ano, mantendo-se o tempo de uso fixo e aumentou, 0,5 ?V com o prolongamento de 1 ano no tempo de uso do IC, mantido o tempo de surdez constante. A latência média do potencial P300 aumentou 2 ms, de acordo com a piora do escore de reconhecimento de palavras,e diminuiu 2 ms proporcionalmente à melhora do mesmo escore. Conclusões: As variáveis: tempo de surdez e de uso do implante, influenciaram os valores de latência e amplitude dos potenciais N1 e P2 , sugerindo plasticidade cortical. A latência do potencial P300 refletiu os processos cognitivos relacionados às habilidades de atenção e discriminação auditiva e apresentou relação de significância com os escores de percepção de fala nos usuários de implante coclear / Introduction: Cochlear implants supply subjects presented with severe and profound hearing loss, who do not benefit from the hearing aid, with a greater communication ability. The long latency auditory evoked potentials (N1, P2, N2 and P300) are a differential indicator in the assessment of cochlear implant users. These potentials provide objective parameters of neural generators related to the skills of attention, discrimination and memorization of tonal or speech stimuli. In this study, potentials N1, P2, N2 and P300, generated through speech stimuli in cochlear implant users, were characterized and correlated with the variables speech perception, time of deafness and time of cochlear implant use. Methodology: the research was carried out at the Speech Pathology clinic of the Dental School and at the Audiological Research Center with the Craniofacial Anomalies Rehabilitation Hospital, both with University of São Paulo at Bauru, SP. The potentials were recorded by electrodes placed in regions Cz/Fz/M1/M2 of the skull and connected to the Biologic\'s Evoked Potential System (EP) through cables, according to the standards of international system 10-20. Twenty-five cochlear implant users, presented with pre-lingual deafness, in the age range 6.6 - 12.3 yrs, participated in the study. The subjects were requested to raise their hand as soon as they heard the rare stimulus (/a/ and /da/), presented in the proportion 20/80 in relation to the frequent stimulus (/i/ and /ba/). The speech stimuli /ba-da/ and /i-a/ were presented in oddball paradigm, at an intensity of 60 dB NPS, through a speaker. Results: statistically significant correlations were observed between the latency of potential N1 and the time of deafness and time of cochlear implant use; between amplitude of potential P2 and the time of deafness and time of cochlear implant; between the latency of potential P300 and word recognition. The mean latency of N1 increased 6 ms per year in relation to the time of deafness, with the time of implant use constant and diminished 3 ms according to the increase of 1 year in the time of use. The mean amplitude of P2 diminished 1 ?V, as the time of deafness increased in a year, by keeping fixed the time of use, and increased 0.5 ?V, with the increase of a year in the time of CI use, by keeping constant the time of deafness. The mean latency of potential P300 increased 2 ms as the word recognition score worsened and diminished 2 ms proportionally to the improvement of the same score. Conclusions: The variables time of deafness and cochlear implant use influenced the latency and amplitude of potentials N1 and P2, suggesting a cortical plasticity. The latency of potential P300 reflected the cognitive processes related to skills of auditory attention and discrimination, and presented a significance relation with the word perception score, in the subjects evaluated

La perception sensorielle est propre à chaque individu. Elle découle du patrimoine génétique (qui définit les récepteurs sensoriels), mais varie en fonction de la maturation et de l’expérience d’un individu. En ce sens, l’étude du bébé nous a permis de tester à la fois 1) l’effet de la maturation, en comparant la perception des bébés avec celle des adultes et 2) l’effet de l’expérience sensorielle précoce, en comparant la perception sensorielle de bébés nés à terme ou prématurés pour un même âge donné. Nos résultats ont souligné une perception sensorielle plus étendue chez le bébé que chez l’adulte, via la perception de stimulations tactiles très fines ou encore la perception d’ultrasons, qui ne sont plus perçus à l’âge adulte. Les mécanismes de maturation des organes sensoriels et de « recentrage sensoriel » envers les stimulations pertinentes, pouvant intervenir au cours du temps, ont été présentés. Nous avons également montré une réactivité particulièrement marquée des bébés prématurés, en comparaison avec les bébés nés à terme. Différents mécanismes sous-jacents potentiels tels qu’une adaptation de la sélectivité neuronale aux stimulations environnementales, une plasticité cérébrale conservée/retardée, ou encore le développement d’une hypersensibilité ont été discutés. En sus du cœur de cette thèse, nous nous sommes intéressés à l’ « Umwelt » social du bébé, en étudiant 1) ses capacités de perception et de discrimination des odeurs corporelles humaines et 2) sa capacité à s’exprimer sur sa perception sensorielle. Nous avons montré que le bébé est un être très réceptif à son monde social, capable de discriminer entre les odeurs de ses partenaires sociaux. De plus, le bébé est également très expressif sur sa perception sensorielle, notamment via l’utilisation d’un répertoire vocal complexe (au-delà des pleurs), dont certains types de vocalisations pourraient refléter son état de confort ou d’inconfort. Les résultats de cette thèse ouvrent de nombreuses pistes de réflexion en termes d’adaptations des pratiques néonatales. / Sensory perception is specific to each individual. It results from the gene pool (which defines the sensory receptors), but varies depending on maturation and experience. In this sense, the study of babies has enabled us to test both 1) the effect of maturation by comparing the babies’ sensory perception to those of adults and 2) the effect of early stage sensory perception by comparing the sensory perception of preterm and full-term infants at a same post-conception age (i.e. term-aged infants). Our results underlined a larger sensory perception in babies than in adults, through the perception of very subtle tactile stimulations, or else the perception of ultrasounds, that cannot be perceived by grown-ups. The mechanisms of the maturation of sensory organs and of ‘’sensory recentering‘’ towards relevant simulations that can happen in the course of time have been presented. We have also shown a particularly strong reactivity of preterm babies in comparison to full-term babies. Various potential subjacent mechanisms such as a neuronal selectivity adaptation to environmental stimulations, a maintained/ delayed cerebral plasticity or else the development of a hypersensitivity have been discussed. In addition to the core of this thesis, we have taken an interest in the baby’s social “Umwelt” and have studied 1) his abilities in perception and discrimination between human body odours and 2) his ability to express his sensory perception. We have shown that babies are very responsive to their social world, capable of discrimination between different social partners’ odours. Furthermore, babies also are highly expressive when it comes to their sensory perception, especially through the use of a complex vocal repertoire (beyond cries/tears). Indeed, some types of these vocalisations could reflect his state of comfort or discomfort. The results of this thesis open numerous grounds for thought in terms of neonatal care adaptations.

The aim of the dissertation entitled Neuro-Developmental Stimulation in special education teachers work is to explain a lesser-known phenomenon (persistent primary reflexes and sensory-sensitive integration disorders in children) to determine the prevalence of persistent primary reflexes in pupils from 5 to 8 years and verify effectiveness of the method Neuro- Developmental Stimulation as a possible intervention program for special educators. The theoretical basis is current knowledge about psychomotorics, primary reflexes, sensory perception and sensory-sensitive integration. The main part of the work is research into the prevalence of persistent primary reflexes. The research group consists 345 pupils from 5 to 8 years of age attending regular kindergartens and primary schools and 26 pupils aged 8 to 11 years attending a primary school established pursuant to Section 16, Paragraph 9 of the Czech Education law. Intervention by the Neuro-Developmental Stimulation method is verified in a case study. The next part of the research maps the experience of special pedagogue teachers and speech therapists with the method Neuro-Developmental Stimulation as an intervention program. The research has a quantitative approach. For data collection, questionnaires were distributed among all special pedagogues and...

The speech of individuals with Parkinson's disease (PD) is typically characterized as lacking in proper prosody because of its monopitch and monoloud quality, in addition to its reduced intensity. These qualities make it difficult for others to understand speakers with PD. The purpose of the current study was to identify what individuals with PD would do vocally, if anything at all, to improve speech production following a simulated misunderstanding of what they had just said. The study evaluated the performance of 5 individuals with PD and compared their performance to 5 age- and sex-matched controls. Specifically, measures of vocal intensity (loudness), fundamental frequency (pitch), and utterance duration were made for repetitions of a ‘misheard’ phrase. In one experimental condition noise was presented through headphones to induce the Lombard effect. Both individuals with PD and controls used increased duration as a means of enhancing clarity in a repetition. Fundamental frequency (F0) and sound pressure level (SPL) were not consistently modified in repetitions for clarification. Under most speaking conditions, individuals with PD and controls had similar F0 and SPL. Individuals with PD, like the controls, responded to the presentation of masking noise by increasing their fundamental frequency and their intensity. Therefore, not all individuals with PD exhibit difficulty using prosody.