Universiẗat, Diss., 2002--Giessen.

Submitted by Isaac Francisco de Souza Dias (isaac.souzadias@ufpe.br) on 2016-02-23T19:56:49Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Dayana Montero Rodríguez.pdf: 2077714 bytes, checksum: 9616b20ba65f46313573608ced7b6d62 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-23T19:56:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 1232 bytes, checksum: 66e71c371cc565284e70f40736c94386 (MD5) DISSERTAÇÃO Dayana Montero Rodríguez.pdf: 2077714 bytes, checksum: 9616b20ba65f46313573608ced7b6d62 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-25 / CNPQ / Serratia marcescens UCP/WFCC 1549, isolada do solo do semi-árido do Estado de Pernambuco - Brasil, foi investigada quanto o seu potencial de biodegradação de combustíveis, como também na produção de lipídeos e biossurfactante. A degradação de combustíveis foi avaliada utilizando o meio basal Bushnell Hass (BH), o indicador redox 2,6- diclorofenol – indofenol e a cepa de S. marcescens selvagem e aclimatada em diferentes concentrações do óleo diesel (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 e 15%). Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que a bactéria aclimatada a 15% do óleo diesel apresentou os melhores índices de degradação, com valores de 79,63% para o biodiesel de algodão, 65,57% para o biodiesel de girassol, 60,50% para o diesel, 57,20% para gasolina e 39,26% para querosene. Além disso, S. marcescens demonstrou propriedade de crescer e acumular lipídeos (> 40%) utilizando resíduos agro-industriais (manipueira e óleos vegetais pós-fritura). Os lipídeos produzidos mostraram perfis de ácidos graxos com maior porcentagem em ácidos graxos monoinsaturados, sugerindo uma composição que corresponde às características requeridas para o biodiesel. Ao mesmo tempo, S. marcescens demonstrou habilidade para converter resíduos agroindustriais (manipueira e óleo de milho pós-fritura) em associação com lactose, na produção de biossurfactante, empregando um planejamento fatorial 23. A seleção da melhor condição do planejamento foi avaliada pela variável resposta tensão superficial. O melhor resultado foi obtido no meio constituido por 6% de manipueira e 7,5% de óleo de milho pós-fritura, na ausência de lactose, com uma redução da tensão superficial da água de 72 para 26,2 mN/m. O biossurfactante produzido apresentou propriedade emulsificante (EI24), com valores superiores a 60% de emulsificação utilizando os óleos de soja, diesel, motor e motor queimado. Adicionalmente, o biossurfactante demonstrou estabilidade na redução da tensão superficial frente a diferentes valores de pH, temperatura e NaCl, e mostrou excelente eficiência na remoção de óleo de motor em água, areia de praia e sedimento de mangue (78%, 88,27% e 73,70%, respectivamente). Portanto, S. marcescens UCP/WFCC 1549 demonstrou seu elevado potencial biotecnológico para a produção de biodiesel de boa qualidade, assim como de biossurfactante com aplicação promissora em processos de biorremediação de ecossistemas contaminados com petróleo e seus derivados. / Serratia marcescens UCP/WFCC 1549, isolated from soil of the semi-arid of state of Pernambuco, Brazil, was investigated with regard to their potential to fuel biodegradation as well as for the production of lipids and biosurfactant. The degradation was assessed using Bushnell Hass (BH) medium, the redox indicator 2,6-dichlorophenol – indophenol and S. marcescens wild-type and acclimatized in different concentrations of diesel (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 15%). The obtained results showed that strain acclimatized in 15% diesel oil exhibited the best degradation index (79,63% of cotton biodiesel, 65,57% of sunflower biodiesel, 60,50% of diesel, 57,20% of gasoline and 39,26% of kerosene). Also, S. marcescens demonstrated the ability to grow and accumulate lipids (> 40%) using agro-industrial residues (cassava wastewater and waste vegetable oils). The produced lipids exhibited balanced profiles of fatty acids, mainly monounsaturated fatty acids which correspond with biodiesel requirements. In addition, S. marcescens showed ability to produce biosurfactant by bioconversion of agro-industrial residues (cassava wastewater and corn waste oil), in association with lactose, through a 23 factorial design. The best result was obtained in medium containing 6% cassava wastewater and 7,5% corn waste oil, in absence of lactose, with reduction of surface tension of water from 72 to 26,2 mN/m. The biosurfactant had good properties in the emulsification of hydrophobic compounds (EI24 > 60% of soybean oil, diesel oil, engine oil and burned engine oil). Moreover, the biosurfactant demonstrated stability in a wide range of pH, temperature and salinity. Also, it showed excellent efficiency on dispersion of engine oil in water (78%) as well as removing it in beach sand and mangrove sediment (88,27% and 73,70%, respectively). Then, S. marcescens UCP/WFCC 1549 demonstrated their high biotechnological potential for production of good quality biodiesel, as well as biosurfactant with promising application in bioremediation processes.

Orientadores : Tomomasa Yano, Gleize Villela Carbonell / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T09:06:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Escobar_MarceloMartins_M.pdf: 3080727 bytes, checksum: 98512962f37a5bf4b47e1b822cf13f86 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Mestrado

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of New South Wales, 2004. / Also available online.

Orientador: Nora Marcela Haun Quiros / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-20T23:09:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Melo_PatriciadaSilva_M.pdf: 29401299 bytes, checksum: 332e5428465f8888ffa7ea12b727bca7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1996 / Resumo: Chromobacterium violaceum é um microrganismo de larga distribuição podendo ser encontrado no solo, água e no Rio Negro (Amazônia). Esta bactéria Gram negativa produz um pigmento denominado violaceína, que apresenta alguma atividade tripanocida. Como a violaceína é produzida em pequena quantidade o propósito inicial desse estudo foi investigar cepas diferentes provenientes do Rio Negro que produzissem a violaceína em um maior rendimento. Um sedimento coletado do Rio Negro foi inoculado em caldo simples, 30°C/24 h e posteriormente inoculado através de estrias em ágar nutriente. Somente três tipos de colônias - branca, amarela e vermelha cresceram (todas bactérias Gram negativas). Após dois dias de incubação a colônia branca adquiriu tonalidade violeta indicando a produção de violaceína. Análises espectrais, UV/Vis, IV (Infra Vermelho) e RMN (Ressonância Magnética Nuclear), confirmaram a presença da violaceína. Para determinar as características de C. violaceum e sua variante não pigmentada, testes laboratoriais foram realizados. A coloração pelo Gram, motilidade e estudos bioquímicos e de crescimento indicaram que as colônias branca/violeta e amarela eram C. violaceum. A colônia vermelha era Serratia marcescens (Chromobacterium prodigiosum) a qual produz o pigmento com ação antibiótica chamado prodigiosina. Os dados espectrais (UV/Vis, IV e RMN) reforçam essa conclusão. O pequeno número de bactérias isoladas na amostra confirma a alta atividade antibiótica dos pigmentos produzidos pela C. violaceum (violaceína) e S. marcescens (prodigiosina) na água do Rio Negro. A quimioterapia da doença de Chagas permanece um problema sem solução, e a pesquisa para drogas alternativas está em andamento. A terapia atual dessa doença é insatisfatória e somente o Nifurtimox está em uso, com diversas restrições na administração em pacientes crônicos, devido aos seus efeitos colaterais. Desse modo é de importância fundamental a pesquisa de novas drogas com mecanismos de ação diferentes do Nifurtimox com o objetivo de evitar esses problemas. A violaceína e a prodigiosina extraída da C. violaceum e da S. marcescens, respectivamente apresentam atividade tripanocida, a primeira possui um ID50. de 46 mM e a segunda, menos que 100 mM. A avaliação da titotoxicidade foi realizada através da inibição da síntese de DNA, redução do MTT e captação do Vermelho Neutro (VN), utilizada em células de hamster chinês V-79 (M8). No teste de viabilidade através da redução do MTT o ID50 foi de 6 mM para a prodigiosina, 7mM para a violaceína e 500 mM para o Nifurtimox, no teste do VN o ID50 para a prodigiosina foi de 1,0 mM, 12 mM para a violaceína e 250 mM para o Nifurtimox. A prodigiosina resultou em um valor de ID50 de 20 mM, o Nifurtimox de 100 mM e a violaceína de 5 mM obtidos através da inibição da síntese de DNA / Abstract: Chromobacterium violaceum is a widely distributed microorganism. It is in soil, water and in the Rio Negro (Amazon). This Gram negative rod shaped bacteria produces the pigment violacein, which has shown trypanocide activity. Since violacein is produced in small quantity, the inicial purpose of this study was to investigate differents strains of bacteria from Rio Negro which may produce violacein in highest yield. Sediment was collected from Rio Negro, inoculated in simple broth, 30°C /24 h and striated in simple agar. Only three kinds of colonies - white, yellow, and red grew (rod Gram negative bacteria). After two days the white strain changed to violet indicating violacein production. Spectral analysis, UV/Vis (UV/Visible), IR (Infra Red) and NMR (Nuclear Ressonance Magnetic), confirmed the presence of violacein. In order to determine of C. violaceum characteristics and its non pigmented variants, laboratories tests were undertaken. Gram'stainning, motility, morphological, growth and biochemical studies indicated that the white, yellow and violet colonies were C. Violaceum. The red one was Serratia marcescens (Chromobacterium prodigiosum) which produces the red pigment antibiotic prodigiosin. The spectral data (UV/Vis, IR and NMR) reinforce this conclusion. The low number of microorganisms isolated in the sample confirm the high antibiotic activity of the pigments produced by C. Violaceum (violacein) and Serratia marcescens (prodigiosin) in the Rio Negro water. The chemotherapy of Chagas' disease remains an unsolved problem, and the search for alternative drugs is in course. Current therapy of this disease is unsatisfactory and only Nifurtimox is in general used, with several restricted applicability for chronic patients, as well being deleterious effects. Thus, it is of fundamental importance to search for new drugs with different mechanism of action of Nifurtimox in order to avoid these problems. We have found a potential compounds for the treatment of Chagas' disease, the pigments extracted from S. marcescens and C. violaceum, respectively prodigiosin (ID50 of less 100 mM) and violacein (ID50 of 46 mM). Evaluation ID50 through DNA synthesis inhibition, soluble tetrazolium/formazan (MTT) and Neutral Red (NR) tests on V-79 Chinese hamster (M-8) cells were carried out. Using MTT viability test, ID50 was 6 mM for prodigiosin, 7 mM for violacein and 500 mM for Nifurtimox, and for NR test the ID50 was 1.0 mM, 12 mM and 250 mM for prodigiosin, violacein and Nifurtimox, respectively. Prodigiosin resulted in a ID50 value of 20 mM, for violacein of 5 mM and for Nifurtimox of 300 mM obtained through DNA synthesis inhibition / Mestrado / Bioquimica / Mestre em Ciências Biológicas

The release of cells from a biofilm to the surrounding environment is poorly understood and the importance of this stage of biofilm development has only recently been realized. A key part of this process is the generation of phenotypic variants in the biofilm dispersal population. This thesis reports on the characterization of biofilm development of Serratia marcescens MG1, the analysis of the biofilm dispersal population, and the identification of the conditions that trigger phenotypic diversification. Furthermore, it provides an insight into the molecular understanding of how phenotypic variation is being generated, and demonstrates the clinical and environmental implications of phenotypic diversification during bacterial pathogenesis and bacterial persistence. Characterization of the microcolony biofilm development of S. marcescens revealed that the S. marcescens biofilm develops through a process involving microcolony formation, hollowing of mature microcolonies, and a sudden biofilm expansion within a very short period (&lt 24h) resulting in an increase in biofilm biomass with a radiation of biofilm structures at days 3 to 4. The biofilm expansion phase consistently correlated to an increase in the number of dispersal variant morphotypes. Studies of variant induction in planktonic cultures and biofilm flow cells demonstrated that phenotypic diversification in S. marcescens is not only a biofilm-specific phenomenon, but also involves biofilm-specific morphotypes. These morphological variants can only be isolated from the microcolony biofilm morphotype and not from the filamentous biofilms, leading to the hypothesis that there is a strong diversifying selection that is specific to the microcolony biofilms. To further explore how these variants were generated, molecular analyses revealed that exopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides are important moieties that are involved in phenotypic variation in S. marcescens biofilms. The etk gene, encoding a tyrosine protein kinase within the exopolysaccharide biosynthesis operon, was found to contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were present in the 'sticky' variants but not in the 'non-sticky' wild-type or the 'non sticky' small colony variants. Furthermore, infrequent-restriction-site PCR (IRS-PCR), BIOLOG metabolic profiling, and gene sequence analyses, suggest that phenotypic diversification in S. marcescens is likely to involve mutational hotspots in specific genes. The biofilm-derived morphotypic variants differed extensively in cell ultrastructure properties, and exhibited specialized colonization and virulence traits, such as attachment, biofilm formation, swimming and swarming motilities, protease production, and hemolysin production. It was also demonstrated that phenotypic diversification contributed to a varying degree of resistance to protozoan predation, and bacterial pathogenecity in Caenorhabditis elegans, highlighting the complexity of the dispersal populations from S. marcescens biofilms. Furthermore, mixed-culture experiments involving multiple variant isolates (with or without the parental wild-type) showed that the persistence and virulence potential of S. marcescens can be synergistically enhanced in the Acanthamoeba castellanii grazing model and in the C. elegans infection model, respectively. This indicates that the different bacterial morphotypes work in concert to provide S. marcescens with enhanced protection against environmental perturbations and a competitive edge during the infection process. It was proposed that phenotypic diversification is not only an integral part of S. marcescens biofilm life-cycle, but also represents an important strategy for bacteria to greatly enhance its survival and persistence in different environments, ranging from aquatic and soil ecosystems, to those of the infected hosts.

The release of cells from a biofilm to the surrounding environment is poorly understood and the importance of this stage of biofilm development has only recently been realized. A key part of this process is the generation of phenotypic variants in the biofilm dispersal population. This thesis reports on the characterization of biofilm development of Serratia marcescens MG1, the analysis of the biofilm dispersal population, and the identification of the conditions that trigger phenotypic diversification. Furthermore, it provides an insight into the molecular understanding of how phenotypic variation is being generated, and demonstrates the clinical and environmental implications of phenotypic diversification during bacterial pathogenesis and bacterial persistence. Characterization of the microcolony biofilm development of S. marcescens revealed that the S. marcescens biofilm develops through a process involving microcolony formation, hollowing of mature microcolonies, and a sudden biofilm expansion within a very short period (&lt 24h) resulting in an increase in biofilm biomass with a radiation of biofilm structures at days 3 to 4. The biofilm expansion phase consistently correlated to an increase in the number of dispersal variant morphotypes. Studies of variant induction in planktonic cultures and biofilm flow cells demonstrated that phenotypic diversification in S. marcescens is not only a biofilm-specific phenomenon, but also involves biofilm-specific morphotypes. These morphological variants can only be isolated from the microcolony biofilm morphotype and not from the filamentous biofilms, leading to the hypothesis that there is a strong diversifying selection that is specific to the microcolony biofilms. To further explore how these variants were generated, molecular analyses revealed that exopolysaccharides and lipopolysaccharides are important moieties that are involved in phenotypic variation in S. marcescens biofilms. The etk gene, encoding a tyrosine protein kinase within the exopolysaccharide biosynthesis operon, was found to contain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that were present in the 'sticky' variants but not in the 'non-sticky' wild-type or the 'non sticky' small colony variants. Furthermore, infrequent-restriction-site PCR (IRS-PCR), BIOLOG metabolic profiling, and gene sequence analyses, suggest that phenotypic diversification in S. marcescens is likely to involve mutational hotspots in specific genes. The biofilm-derived morphotypic variants differed extensively in cell ultrastructure properties, and exhibited specialized colonization and virulence traits, such as attachment, biofilm formation, swimming and swarming motilities, protease production, and hemolysin production. It was also demonstrated that phenotypic diversification contributed to a varying degree of resistance to protozoan predation, and bacterial pathogenecity in Caenorhabditis elegans, highlighting the complexity of the dispersal populations from S. marcescens biofilms. Furthermore, mixed-culture experiments involving multiple variant isolates (with or without the parental wild-type) showed that the persistence and virulence potential of S. marcescens can be synergistically enhanced in the Acanthamoeba castellanii grazing model and in the C. elegans infection model, respectively. This indicates that the different bacterial morphotypes work in concert to provide S. marcescens with enhanced protection against environmental perturbations and a competitive edge during the infection process. It was proposed that phenotypic diversification is not only an integral part of S. marcescens biofilm life-cycle, but also represents an important strategy for bacteria to greatly enhance its survival and persistence in different environments, ranging from aquatic and soil ecosystems, to those of the infected hosts.

PARENTE, T.M.L Perfil de resistência a antibióticos e a terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana exibida por isolados ambientais, orais e extra-orais de Serratia marcescens. 2010. 90 f. Dissertação (MESTRADO EM BIOTECNOLOGIA) - Campus de Sobral, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Sobral, 2010. / Submitted by Djeanne Costa (djeannecosta@gmail.com) on 2017-09-04T10:52:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_tmlparente.pdf: 2557651 bytes, checksum: 75c39a01d93208de5800a785cfa1c2ee (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Djeanne Costa (djeannecosta@gmail.com) on 2017-10-03T14:53:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_tmlparente.pdf: 2557651 bytes, checksum: 75c39a01d93208de5800a785cfa1c2ee (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-03T14:53:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2010_dis_tmlparente.pdf: 2557651 bytes, checksum: 75c39a01d93208de5800a785cfa1c2ee (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Serratia marcescens is widely distributed in nature, but has emerged in the last years as important nosocomial pathogen with resistance of many antimicrobial drugs. This study aimed to verify the susceptibility of Serratia marcescens isolates from environment, from oral infections and from extra-oral infections to different antibiotics and evaluate the antimicrobial effect of photodynamic antimicrobial therapy as biotechnology tools reducing bacterial growth in planktonic cells and biofilm. E-test® were performed for fifty-five strains and the PACT for the thirty strains more resistant to antimicrobials tested. The antimicrobial effect of toluidine blue O, associated with 4,72 J cm-2 of a light-emitting diode , was evaluated. Before and after the treatments, bacterial inocula were analysed with regard to the number of colony- forming units. For antimicrobials, we observed that the 55 strains analyzed, 13 (23.63%) were resistant to doxycycline, but only one (1.81%) isolate showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, another to tobramycin and another to cefotaxime, 24 ( 43.63%) strains had intermediate sensitivity to doxycycline, all were sensitive to imipenem and most were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, tobramycin and cefotaxime Statistical analysis showed no significant differences in resistance of samples of different origins for drugs DX, CT, and IP. Considering the resistance to CI, the environmental samples were significantly more resistant than samples oral and extra-oral. For the drug TM, the oral samples were significantly more sensitive than the other samples. The irradiation of planktonic and biofilm cultures in the absence of TBO (L+S-), incubation with TBO alone (L-S+) and untreated control group (L-S-) had no significant effect on the viability of strains of S. marcescens studied (p <0.05). Significant decreases in bacterial viability was observed only when planktonic and biofilm culture of environmental strains, oral and extra-oral S. marcescens were exposed to toluidine blue O and LED light at the same time (L+S+). Significant reductions in bacterial counts were observed by antimicrobial photodynamic therapy ranging from 10-11 to 10-7.The association of TBO and light, with energy density 4,72 J cm-2, was effective in reducing the viability of bacterial strains in environmental, oral and extra-oral S. marcescens and can be a useful biotechnological tool in the control of bacterial resistance. / Serratia marcescens se encontra largamente distribuída na natureza, mas tem emergido nos últimos anos como um importante patógeno nosocomial resistente a diversos antimicrobianos. Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a susceptibilidade de isolados ambientais, orais e extra-orais de Serratia marcescens a diferentes antibióticos e avaliar a terapia fotodinâmica antimicrobiana na redução do crescimento bacteriano em culturas de células planctônicas e biofilme. O teste de susceptibilidade antimicrobiano E-test® foi realizado para as 55 cepas e o TFA para as 30 cepas mais resistentes aos antimicrobianos testados. O efeito antimicrobiano do azul de o-toluidina associado com 4,72 J cm-2 de luz emitida por um diodo (LED) foi avaliado. Antes e após os tratamentos, os inóculos bacterianos foram analisados com consideração do número de unidades formadoras de colônias. Considerando o perfil antimicrobiano observamos que das 55 cepas analisadas, 13 (23,63%) apresentaram resistência à doxiciclina, mas apenas um (1,81%) isolado apresentou resistência ao ciprofloxacino, outro à tobramicina e outro à cefotaxima; 24 (43,63%) cepas apresentaram sensibilidade intermediária à doxiciclina, todas foram sensíveis ao imipenem e a maioria foi sensível ao ciprofloxacino, à tobramicina e à cefotaxima. A análise estatística demonstrou não haver diferenças significativas no perfil de resistência das amostras de diferentes origens em relação as drogas DX, CT e IP. Considerando a resistência a CI, as amostras ambientais foram significativamente mais resistentes do que as amostras orais e extra-orais. Para a droga TM, as amostras orais foram significantemente mais sensíveis do que as demais amostras. A irradiação das culturas planctônicas e biofilmes na ausência de TBO (L+C-), a incubação com TBO sozinho (L-C+) e o grupo controle não tratado (L-C-) não apresentou efeitos significativos na viabilidade das cepas de S. marcescens estudadas (p < 0,05). Decréscimos significativos na viabilidade bacteriana foram observados somente quando cultura planctônica e biofilme de cepas ambientais, orais e extra-orais de S. marcescens foram expostas ao azul de orto toluidina e luz LED ao mesmo tempo (L+C+). Reduções significativas nas contagens bacterianas foram observadas pela Terapia Fotodinâmica Antimicrobiana com variação de 10-11 a 10-7. A associação de TBO e LED, com densidade de energia de 4,72 J cm-2 , foi efetivo na redução da viabilidade bacteriana em cepas ambientais, orais e extra-orais de S. marcescens podendo ser uma ferramenta biotecnológica útil no controle da resistência bacteriana.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:52:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo2808_1.pdf: 3862930 bytes, checksum: e749256848081d690dbce7c04ef3958f (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Prodigiosinas é uma família de pigmentos naturais, de cor vermelha caracterizado por um esqueleto comum pirrolilpirrometano, produzido por várias bactérias, porém primeiro produzido por Serratia marcescens. Este pigmento é uma droga promissora, devido às suas características de atividade antifúngica, imunossupressores e antiproliferativa. As condições ótimas para o aumento do crescimento em S. marcescens está relacionada ao aumento da produção do pigmento, sob o ponto de vista industrial. Neste trabalho, foram utilizados os meios convencionais Peptona glicerol e Manitol, bem como os meios alternativos, Caldo de arroz, de gergelim e de amendoim, visando à produção de prodigiosina pela bactéria isolada do solo semi-árido, Serratia marcescens UCP 1549, utilizando fermentação em estado sólido, a 280 C, durante 48 horas de cultivo. A produção da prodigiosina foi observada nos meios convencionais, principalmente meio Manitol, sendo obtidos 1,2g/g de biomassa, porém não foi detectada nos meios alternativos. O pigmento foi purificado por cromatografia de exclusão, empregando-se Sephadex LH-20, obtendo-se 96 frações que foram reunidas, sendo caracterizada por espectrofotometria e espectrometria de massa (GC-MS), sendo sugerido ser Undecilprodigiosina. Estudos foram realizados com a atividade citotóxica para Artemia salina demonstrando uma CL50 de 78,33&#956;g/mL. A fitoxidade para sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa) e pimentão (Capsicum annuum) com inibição da germinação das sementes a partir de concentrações superiores a 40&#956;g/mL, representando mais de 50% de inibição. Os resultados obtidos sugerem alto potencial biotecnológico na produção de Undecilprodigiosina pela nova linhagem de S. marcescens UCP 1549, como também indica como promissores os resultados com o meio Manitol em estado sólido, os processos de extração e purificação do pigmento

Orientador: Glaucia Maria Pastore / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T16:30:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Silva_CristinaFerraz_M.pdf: 18209191 bytes, checksum: f414e61f8115923d3061ee387b9f0283 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002 / Resumo: Biosurfactantes são compostos produzidos por microrganismos os quais possuem em sua molécula uma porção hidrofilica (solúvel em água) e uma porção hidrofóbica (insolúvel em água). Essas moléculas são capazes de reduzir a tensão superficial e interfacial em ambas soluções aquosas e misturas de hidrocarbonetos, as quais fazem desses compostos potenciais candidatos para aumentar a recuperação de óleo e processos de deemulsificação. No presente trabalho foi estudada a produção de biosurfactante por uma linhagem de bactéria. O microrganismo considerado foi pré-selecionado como produtor de biosurfactante em trabalhos anteriores e identificado nesta dissertação como Serratía marcescens. As melhores condições para produção do biosurfactante em agitador rotativo foram determinadas através do processo de otimização utilizando Planejamento Experimental. Além disso, foram estudadas algumas propriedades do biosurfactante, como por exemplo, capacidade emulsificante e estabilidade em diferentes pHs e temperaturas. Finalmente, testou-se a aplicação do biosurfactante produzido avaliando-se o efeito da sua adição na atividade de lipase de Rhízopus sp. quando comparado ao efeito produzido por surfactantes químicos. / Abstract: Biosurfactants are compounds produced by microrganisms those molecules include a hydrophilic portion (water soluble) and a hydrophobic portion (water insoluble). These molecules are capable of reducing surface and interfacial tensions in both aqueous solutions and hydrocarbon mixtures, which makes them potential candidates for enhancing oil recovery and deemulsification processes. Biosurfactant production by a bacterial strain was studied in this work. The microrganism considered was isolated in previous studies and identified in this work as Serratia marcescens. The best conditions for biosurfactant production in shake flasks were determined through an optimization process using an Experimental Design. Móreover, some properties of the biosurfactant were studied, for example, its emulsifying capacity and stability at different pH values and temperatures. Finally, the application of the biosurfactant produced was tested evaluating the effect of its addition on the activity of Rhizopus sp. Lipase, as compared to the effect produced by chemical surfactants. / Mestrado / Mestre em Ciência de Alimentos