Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Hong Kong, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 63-65).

Thesis--PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2000. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-89). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

Thesis (M.A.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 103-106).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 288-295).

Thesis--University of Wisconsin--Madison. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-130).

[No abstract submitted] / Arts, Faculty of / Philosophy, Department of / Graduate

Background. In sub-Saharan Africa, which has the highest prevalence of HIV-1 worldwide, most newHIV-1 infections occur by sexual transmission to women. Recent studies in non-human primates have demonstrated that pro-inflammatory cytokine production in the genital tract is necessary for immune cell recruitment and establishment of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infection following vaginal inoculation. The aims of this study were to evaluate the relationships between inflammation in the female genital tract and (i) susceptibility to HIV-1 infection and (ii) subsequent disease progression in women who became infected. Additionally, genital inflammation was investigated as a mechanism for breakthrough HIV-1 infections in women who became infected even though they were using 1% tenofovir (TFV) microbicide. In the systemic compartment, the level of T cell activation and soluble markers of immune activation during HIV-1 infection are associated with disease outcome. Therefore, the relationships between plasma cytokine concentrations during early HIV-1 infection and disease progression were evaluated Methods. The participants of this study included 230 HIV-uninfected women from the CAPRISA 002cohort who were followed longitudinally for HIV-1 infection, 49 women who were enrolled during acuteHIV-1 infection and followed until 12 months post-infection and 166 HIV-uninfected women who were enrolled in the CAPRISA 004 1% TFV microbicide trial (62 of whom later became HIV-1-infected).Cytokine concentrations were measured in cervicovaginal lavage (CVL) and plasma samples from these women using Luminex and ELISA.

A dissertation submitted for partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Masters degree in Community Work, in the Department of Social Work at University of Zululand, 2008. / This study is about the dilemma of sexually transmitted diseases in the youth of kwaMbonambi District in KwaZulu-Natal. In this community most of the youth are dying as a result of sexually transmitted disease. Even though prevention measures have been implemented on a nation wide basis, but it seems as if it does not reach the youth effectively. This study examines the knowledge the youth have about sexually transmitted diseases and prevention measures as well as barriers that might hinder them from taking prevention measures. It also examines the ignorance of the youth in cot taking early treatment of disease that might contribute to the manifestation of HIV. It is not surprising that some youth with sexually transmitted diseases avoid checkups. Many symptoms of the disease go away by themselves, but the disease does not. One could transmit the disease without having symptoms. The disease may cause severe long-term consequences. According to research findings, the youth know the ways through which persons become infected by sexually transmitted disease. However, the majority of the active youth that have participated in this research project still engage in unprotected sexual intercourse that puts them at risk of infection with HIV. Condoms have been recommended as one effective method of preventing the transmission of STDs. According to the researcher, condoms are more likely to be used if the peer support the use of condoms and if individuals perceive the benefits of the use of condoms and that outweighs their costs. Education about STD's and AIDS transmission and their prevention, along with training skills in negotiating that should place the youth in responsible sexual behavior. Public health effort must also focus on helping the youth not to contract STDs and to volunteer for AIDS testing.

No description available.