This article is mainly based on the image link of how overseas Chinese think about mainland China, discussing how¡§CHINDIA¡¨ theory took shape by Sino-India scholar, Tan Yun-Shan and inherited by his son Tan Chung. To observe from the history, although the Tans live in the different background of environment and period, their proposition is still closely link with Chinese history. Tan Yun-Shan, an education scholar of overseas Chinese in early Republic of China, had developed Chinese culture in south Asia, was consequent invited to India by Tagore, and had done a cooperation of establish ¡§Cheena Bhavan¡¨. During Sino-Japanese Wars, Tan Yun-Shan advocate that China and India should against Japan together, he works as a translator between China and India, delver the important messages from Sino-India government to China government. After the War Tan Yun-Shan also worked hard dedicating the affairs of Cheena Bhavan and keep on develop the relationship between Sino-India and China, due to his great achievement we now respect Tan as ¡§Modern Xuanzang ¡¨. Tan Chung inherit the ideal of creating friendly relations between Sino-India and China from Tagore and his father, trying to find out the lost relationship between the two ancient civilizations China and India. By teaching in university of India, he found that there¡¦s possibly of China and India has the similar friendly civilization in his research of China history. Meanwhile, he also leads the spirits of critical western theory in India academic circle. After retired from India academia, Tan Chung his own Sino-India friendly relations academic theory was almost matured, Spread the theory of ¡§CHINDIA¡¨, face to ¡§the rising of China and India,¡¨ Tan Chung promote a peace development contribute world. As we could see, the Tans¡¦ proposition shows the importance of culture between China and India, they hope to practice the ideal of ¡§CHINDIA¡¨through the interactive of swooping culture and traditional habits .

ABSTRACT From early the 20th century, luo hua sheng (¸¨µØ¥Í) has contributed a lot to the development of modern Chinese literature: fiction, essays, poetry, plays, fairy tales, and literary translations. He wrote a total of more than 400,000 words of literary creation. If one is to compare his literary work to those of his era and to other modern writers, although his works is limited in terms of quantity, he was able to intertwine realism and philosophy in his writings that have created a deep impact to his readers. This writings have vividly narrated and reflected his views, pursuits and literary concepts. Most of critics emphasizes that xu di shan (³\¦a¤s) creative works are distinctively unique, whirlwind romance, characters well developed, well constructed prose, and have perfectly intertwine the Southern China's and other Indochina slices of life. This would encompass their thinking, outlooks and religious views. Xu di shan (³\¦a¤s) and his other May Fourth Movement (¤­¥|¹B°Ê) era writer focused on short stories, however, his works stands out with his great pursuit in trying to find a new way of expression and in developing new aesthetic standards. His writings can be classified as bold and straight-forward as he developed a unique way of narrating the lines without being too detailed that made his audience easily misunderstood the whole scenario and get derailed with the whole story. This study focuses on the essence of literary development to include but not limited to: topic classification, analysis of novel structures, binary oppositions, actantial model. This paper made a thorough review of Xu's life experiences and literary accomplishments. Specifically, the writer have look into his writing styles and concept development in analyzing his works. In conclusion, the writer have identified that Xu's work can be classified into: ideals and realism; mortality and destiny; power distance and struggles; joys and sorrows of romance. This study aims to better understand the underlying thoughts in Xu's work as to its significance, interpretations and deeper meanings.

Abstract Taiwan¡¦s economy has progressed along with the industrial development. Various scales of industrial development districts had begun their way since the 60¡¦s and Feng Shang Industrial District (FSID) was among the examples at that time. However, following the time and location changes, earlier developed infrastructure of FSID had deteriorated and has been unable to maintain its functions. Similar to the needs confronting with the industrial economy, FSID is also required to change in the structure and upgrade their technology in order to maintain its function and fulfill the pressing requirement of environmental protection and sustainment. The purpose of the study is to analyze the current problems confronting with FSID and its development in the future in order to come up with the possibility of upgraded industry and transformation. Through the analysis of an in-depth focused group interview, it was found that FSID can progress in two directions. One direction is to release the current organization and re-develop its planning of land. The other direction is to upgrade FSID¡¦s technology into an industry with higher profit. Regardless of which directions FSID would take, they should fulfill the requirement in low pollution and be environmental concerned.

Der Yangtze Vorland Falten- und Überschiebungsgürtel befindet sich östlich und südlich des Qinling-Dabie Orogens. Die Faltenachsen dieses Falten- und Überschiebungsgürtels biegen von W nach E von ca. ESE-WNW in eine SW-NE Richtung um. Regionale Faltung entwickelte sich ab der Mitteltrias während der Frühphase der Exhumierung der Ultrahochdruck(UHP)-Gesteine des Qinling-Dabie Orogens. Paläospannungsanalyse zeigt faltungsbezogene NW-SE-Kontraktion an, die zwischen Mitteltrias und Mitteljura in eine (N)NE-(S)SW Transpression rotiert. Aufgrund der im wesentlichen zeitgleichen und gleichsinnigen Änderung der duktilen Streckungslineation im Orogen wird vorgeschlagen, dass die Exhumierung der UHP-Gesteine die triassisch-jurassische Vorlanddeformation maßgeblich bestimmt hat. Die Untersuchung der Sedimente im Gelände und mit dem Punktzählverfahren an Dünnschliffen, die Mikrosondenuntersuchungen an detritischen Hellglimmern sowie die Datierung detritischer Hellglimmer, Kalifeldspäte, Apatite und Zirkone mit der 40Ar/39Ar-Laserdatierungsmethode, der Spaltspurenmethode und der 207Pb/206Pb-Evaporationsmethode lieferte die folgenden Resultate: (1) Das Punktzählverfahren ergab, dass es sich bei den beprobten Sandsteinen überwiegend um Quarzarenite und Grauwacken handelt. (2) Die Provenanz-Analyse nach dem Punktzählverfahren ergab, dass überwiegend Wiederaufarbeitung orogenen Materials stattgefunden hat. (3) Triassisch-jurassische Hellglimmer dominieren in den meisten Proben und belegen das Dabie-Orogen als Hauptliefergebiet. (4) Einige Zirkon- und Hellglimmeralter deuten andererseits daraufhin, dass Liefergebiete südlich des Vorlandes (Cathaysia, Südchinesischer Faltengürtel) existiert haben. (5) Hellglimmeralter und Apatit-Spaltspurenalter belegen, dass die Sedimente in der frühen Kreide (120-130 Ma) bis ins stratigraphische Niveau der Mitteltrias auf über 400°C aufgeheizt wurden; das jurassische stratigraphische Niveau ist hingegen weniger stark aufgeheizt worden und verblieb zwischen 100° C und 400° C. Deshalb führt die Spaltspurendatierung von Apatiten, Zirkonen und Titaniten zu keinem Informationsgewinn hinsichtlich ihrer Provenanz. (6) Hohe Si-Gehalte (3,3-3,64 Si Atome pro Formeleinheit) und retrograde Zonierungen in den Hellglimmern belegen, dass HP- und UHP-Gesteine im Jura an der Oberfläche aufgeschlossen waren und erodiert wurden. Die 207Pb/206Pb Datierung von Einzelzirkonen des Yangtze Basements ergab drei Altersgruppen: 2.3-2.38 Ga, 2.03-1.96 Ga und 800-690 Ma. Während die zwei jüngeren Altersgruppen bekannten Ereignissen im Yangtze Kraton zuordbar sind, sind die ältesten Zirkone entweder diskordant-verjüngt oder belegen ein bis dato noch nicht bekanntes thermisch-tektonisches Ereignis im Yangtze Kraton. Ab dem oberen Jura lassen sich mehrere intraplattentektonische Reaktivierungen des Orogens und des Vorlandes nachweisen: In der frühen Kreide – und möglicherweise bereits im Oberjura – etablierte sich im Qinling-Dabie Orogen und im Vorland ein NW-SE orientiertes transtensionales Spannungsfeld. In diesem Spannungsfeld intrudierten kretazische Granitoide sowohl nördlich als auch südlich der triassischen Sutur ins Qinling-Dabie Basement und in die Vorlandsedimente. Diese magmatisch-vulkanische Aktivität ist deshalb wahrscheinlich nicht exhumierungsbezogen, sondern auf eine intraplattentektonische Reaktivierung des Orogens zurückzuführen. Diese thermisch-tektonische Reaktivierung, die das Dabie Basement auf über 300° C aufheizte, führte auch zur advektiven Aufheizung der triassisch-jurassischen Vorlandsedimente. Dieses Spannungsfeld war von ca. 145 Ma bis ca. 127 Ma aktiv. Die NW-SE Transtension wurde abgelöst durch NE-SW Transtension, die begleitet war von NW-SE Kontraktion, die zu offener Faltung der jurassischen Sedimente und Vulkanite führte. Im Qinling-Dabie Orogen hingegen lassen sich ausschließlich WNW streichende dextral-transtensive Blattverschiebungen mit assoziierten Pull-apart-Becken beobachten. Dieses Spannungsfeld war ab ca. 127 Ma aktiv und wird auf die Kollision des `West-Philippinen-Blocks´ in SE China zurückgeführt. Die meisten NNE streichenden Störungen in SE China waren zu dieser Zeit als sinistrale Blattverschiebungen aktiv. Das südlichste Segment der Tan-Lu Störung war erst nach der mittelkretazischen Wiederaufheizung des Dabie Basements seit ca. 90 Ma als Schrägabschiebung aktiv. Wahrscheinlich war aber das nördlich anschließende Segment in der frühen Kreide (ca. 140-120 Ma) kinematisch gekoppelt mit der Xiaotian-Mozitang-Störung am Nordrand des Dabie Orogens. Die Konturierung der Apatit-Spaltspurenalter aus dem Dabie und dem Vorland zeigt einen charakteristischen Wechsel des Abkühlungstrends um 75 +/- 5 Ma an, der mit einem Wechsel im Spannungsfeld korrelierbar ist: Die NE-SW Transtension wurde um ca. 75 Ma abgelöst durch NW-SE Transtension mit assoziierter NE-SW Kontraktion. Dieses Spannungsfeld war bis ins Eozän aktiv und korreliert mit der Ablagerung mächtiger Rotsedimente und der Bildung von Riftbecken in Ostchina. Tektonische Reaktivierung des Dabie Orogens aufgrund der Indien-Asien Kollision wird insbesondere aufgrund der zeitlichen Übereinstimmung mit den eozänen (55-40 Ma) Apatit-Spaltspurenaltern vorgeschlagen. Oligozäne Riftinversion wurde abgelöst durch miozäne NE-SW Extension und pliozäne bis rezente NW-SE Extension.

Thesis (M.L.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 1995. / Includes special study report entitled: Solar applications to landscape design. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.L.A.)--University of Hong Kong, 2002. / Includes bibliographical references.

Tian Shan is one of the most important orogenic belts in central Asia. It has been reactivated as a result of the Cenozoic India-Eurasia collision. Dating of the late Cenozoic tectonic deformation of Tian Shan and its piedmonts is important for understanding the mountain building as well as evaluating seismic hazards in the region. This study is focused on the applications of optical dating to the late Quaternary uplift and thrust activity along Manas River, in the northern piedmont of the Tian Shan, China. The sediments on river terraces were dated with optical dating. The elevations were measured with the kinematic global position system (GPS). The results suggest that two phases can be identified according to the significantly different river incision rates. One phase was from ~20 ka to ~4.8 ka, with a much slower incision rate of ~ 2.2 ± 0.6 mm/yr. The other phase was from ~4.8 ka to present, with a faster incision rate of ~ 13.5 ± 0.6 mm/yr. The accelerated incision rate of Manas River was mainly attributed to the tectonic forces, suggesting that the tectonic uplift was significantly intensified since ~4.8 ka in the northern piedmont of Tian Shan. The study region has suffered from multiple thrust activities during the late Quaternary, which led to the intensive deformations of the river terraces. By studying the deformed terraces, I evaluated the timing of the past thrust activities as well as the vertical slip rate of the thrust faults. The results demonstrated that the thrust activity intensified during the late Holocene, as manifested by the more frequent thrust activities and higher vertical slip rates. Both quartz and potassium feldspar can be as dosimeters for optical dating of sediments. However, quartz OSL is sometimes seriously impeded with problems such as very dim signals and insufficient bleaching problems. K-feldspar has attractive advantages over quartz, despite of problem of anomalous fading. K-feldspar was explored in this study, by investigating the relationship between the infrared stimulated luminescence (IRSL) and blue light stimulated luminescence (BLSL) signals. For IRSL and BLSL at 60 °C, it was suggested that most of the IRSL could be bleached by blue light (BL), while the BLSL could only be partially bleached by infrared (IR) stimulation. Besides, the fast and medium components of BLSL were mainly associated with the IRSL. If IR stimulation temperature was raised from 60 to 200 °C, at least two portions of the IRSL signals at 200 °C were observed. One portion could be bleached by BL at 60 °C and the other portion was hardly bleached by BL at 60 °C. Dating of K-feldspar from the various signals provided cross-checking for the reliability of quartz OSL for dating sedimentary samples. / published_or_final_version / Earth Sciences / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

The edition is based on nine manuscripts. The work deals with the virtues of noble Abyssinians and is based on the earlier work by ibn al-Jawzi which it partly extends. The Arabic writings on the black races are reviewed from the beginnings of the genre to works influenced by Suyuti. Attention is therefore particularly given to Suyuti's predecessors and successors from the 2nd to the 11th centuries with special reference to the relations between Suyuti's work and that of ibn al-Jawzi. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is the English introduction which consists of four chapters with the conclusions placed after Chapter Three. The first chapter deals with the works relevant to al-sudan and the Abyssinians. First, the two terms "al-Habashah" and "al-Sudan" are briefly discussed in an attempt to define their usage. The second chapter, which is a critical study of Kitab Raf Shan al-Hubshan, is divided into six sections, in the last section of which it will be shown how this book was more popular than ibn al-Jawzi's work' on which it was dependent. The third chapter provides biographical detail of al-Suyuti's life with some comments on the number of his works. The fourth chapter contains the description of the manuscripts and editing principles. Finally, the bibliography is provided at the end of this part. The second part consists of the list of works cited in the footnotes of the Arabic Text, the list of abbreviations used in these footnotes, the conventional signs used in the Text, the Text, and the indexes.

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture

published_or_final_version / Architecture / Master / Master of Architecture