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Este trabalho analisa as Áreas de Preservação Permanente (APPs) contíguas aos corpos d\'água urbanos como um recurso para a configuração do sistema de espaços livres das cidades brasileiras. Muito embora sua função específica - conforme estabelecido pelo Código Florestal Brasileiro (Lei n° 12.651/2012) - seja proteger recursos hídricos e ecossistemas associados, as APP se consolida, neste início de século XXI, como um importante parâmetro para o planejamento e gestão de orlas fluviais situadas em áreas urbanas, sendo incorporada as políticas de ordenamento do solo e provisão de espaços livres públicos, e estruturando uma série de ações urbanísticas e paisagísticas contemporâneas que se multiplicam pelo país e criam novas formas de aproximação entre as cidades e os seus rios. A espeito dos avanços proporcionados pela lei na proteção dos recursos ambientais existentes nas cidades, a problemática socioambiental e urbanística vinculada a essas áreas exige abordagens menos conservacionistas e mais abrangentes no sentido de considerar as múltiplas funções desempenhadas por essas áreas na complexa e diversa realidade urbana. Entre os diversos caminhos possíveis para esta discussão, o presente trabalho propõe uma abordagem morfológica para avaliar as relações entre as orlas fluviais e as áreas urbanas, e identificar as impressões que a lei produz sobre os espaços livres e suas formas de uso e apropriação. A primeira parte do trabalho se dedica a conceituar a orla fluvial como parte de um sistema urbano e a traçar um panorama sobre os conceitos de planejamento e projetos adotados para o tratamento dessas áreas, destacando um conjunto de ações contemporâneas realizadas no Brasil e no mundo. Na segunda parte, o trabalho avalia a influência da lei sobre a conformação do sistema de espaços livres em diferentes cidades brasileiras, por meio da análise de padrões morfológicos que permitem identificar limitações, conflitos e pontos der aderência da lei ao contexto urbano. Na conclusão, são apresentadas as considerações finais e um panorama sobre os padrões analisados no trabalho, os quais podem servir de referencial metodológico para a formulação de políticas públicas e ações urbanísticas adequadas para uma melhor integração das orlas fluviais às cidades. / This work analyses the Permanet Preservation Areas (APP) adjacent to urban waterbodies as a resort to the conformation of Brazilian cities open spaces system. Although its specific function - as established by the Brazilian Forest Code (Law n. 12.651/2012) - is to protect water resources and associated ecosystems, the APP consolidates itself, in this beginning of the XXI century, as an important parameter to the planning and management of river shores located in urban areas, being incorporated to land management and provision of public open spaces policies, structuring a series of urban and landscape contemporary actions that multiplies throughout the country and create new forms of interface between the cities and its rivers. Despite the advances brought by the law to the protection of cities existing environmental resources, the socio-environmental and urban problems associated to these areas demand less conservationist and more broadening approaches in a way that considers the multiple functions played by these areas in the complex and diverse urban reality. Among the numerous possible ways to this discussion, the present work puts forward a morphological approach to evaluate the relations between river shores and urban areas and identify the fingerprints that the law produces onto the open spaces systems and its forms of use and appropriation. The first part of this work is dedicated to conceptualizing the fluvial shores as a part of an urban system andoutlining an overview on the concepts of planning and design adopted in the treatment of these areas, highlighting a set of ontemporary actions undertaken in Brazil and in the world. In its second part, the work evaluates the influence of the law in the conformation of open spaces system in different Brazilian cities through the analysis of morphological patterns that enables the identification of limitations, conflicts and points of agreement between the law and the urban context. At the conclusion, the final considerations are presented along with a summary table of the analysis criteria adopted in the work, which can serve as methodological benchmarks to the formulation of adequate urban policies and urban actions to a better integration of river shores to the cities.

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the planning tool LIS, countryside development in areas close to shores has been applied in Norrbotten County. And what problems the municipalities experience in the planning process. Today's regulations for rural development in coastal locations have been criticized in investigations and by politicians for lacking geographical flexibility and that the planning tool isn’t adapted for sparsely populated areas. The study is a case study where the empirical evidence is mainly based on documents and investigations linked to rural development in coastal locations. The analysis has been carried out using broad thematic concepts. To get a greater understanding of how the planning tool is used in Norrbotten, interviews have been conducted with three municipalities with large rural areas. All those interviewed work with or have experience of the planning tool. The study shows that rural development in coastal locations has several problems with the enforcement and interpretation of the regulations. And that the planning tool itself does not contribute to rural development but that it can be seen as part of a larger context. However, two of the municipalities express that LIS is important to their municipalities to be able to offer attractive beach plots. A new report presented in December 2020, which aims to improve current regulations, has been received with some positive caution. The municipalities believe that the presented improvements are a step in the right direction towards a more geographically flexible regulatory framework. But that there are still major shortcomings in the enforcement of the regulations and that the municipalities need to have a greater influence in decisions regarding establishment in rural areas.

<p> Inland degradational trends of coastal dolomite pavements (on the Amabel formation near Tobermory Ontario Map 1) were examined in three wave energy settings: passive, intermediate, and active shores. </p> <p>Six pavement property trends were examined to determine the effect of low fetch lengths (7-10 km - Ford 83) and long shallow wave approach (Map 1) on the break-up of passive coastal pavements (south-west Bear's Rump Island): vegetation cover , grike dimensions, fracturing, pitting, shattering and flaking, and soil and rubble depths. </p> <p> Detailed analysis of small scale surface solution features, "karren", was undertaken at five 1 m sample grids on the intermediate average fetch 70-90 km -Grosset 85) Cyprus Lake provincial park pavements. </p> <p> / Thesis / Bachelor of Arts (BA)

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:46:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:10:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 08282.pdf: 11692622 bytes, checksum: 0a45423b89a78a7d64792d2bbbfe253e (MD5) / Tese (Doutoramento) / IPEN/T / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP