Ainda pouco estudado e traduzido no Brasil, Korolienko compôs ao longo de sua trajetória dois ciclos de contos com a temática prisional, além de inúmeros artigos e enredos ficcionais. Neste trabalho, serão apresentadas duas traduções de parte de sua poética, os contos Iachka e Sokolínets. Estas narrativas refletem as experiências do próprio autor, que foi enviado para o exílio na Sibéria e que retratou artisticamente as suas impressões. Cumpre notar que a representação realista da riqueza cultural siberiana, com dados precisos sobre as organizações sociais e os modos de vida dos inúmeros povos que convergiram para aquelas terras, sugerem toda a preocupação de um literato que, mais do que escrever, se preocupou com os descasos sofridos pela massa camponesa e atuou em uma série de julgamentos, defendendo cidadãos que lutavam contra a fome e a arbitrariedade de seu governo. Com esta pesquisa, o público leitor de língua portuguesa poderá reconhecer a importância de um intelectual verdadeiramente consciente de sua missão política, em uma Rússia que estava prestes a vivenciar uma grande transformação, com o fim do tsarismo e a vitória do partido Bolchevique. Ele enxergou os conflitos de sua época, sem nunca deixar de lado aqueles que mais necessitavam. O nome Vladímir Korolienko sempre será lembrado como aquele que representou a consciência de seu país. / Still little-studied and translated in Brazil, Korolienko composed along his path two cycles of short stories with the prison topic, in addition to several articles and plots in fiction. In this work, we are going to present two translations of part of his poetry, the stories Iachka and Sokolinets. These narratives reflect the experiences of the author himself that was sent to exile in Siberia and portrayed artistically his impressions. It is important to note that the realistic representation of the Siberian cultural richness, with accurate data on social organizations and lifestyles of numerous individuals that converged to those lands, suggest all the concern of a literary man who, more than writing, was worried with the disregard suffered by the rural mass and has served in different trials, defending those citizens who were fighting against the hunger and the arbitrariness of the government. With this study, the Portuguese reading public may recognize the importance of an intellectual truly aware of his political mission, in a Russia that was about to experience a major transformation, with the end of the tsarism and the victory of the Bolshevik party. He saw the conflicts of his time, never leaving aside the neediest. The name Vladimir Korolienko will always be remembered as the one who represented the conscience of his country.

Ainda pouco estudado e traduzido no Brasil, Korolienko compôs ao longo de sua trajetória dois ciclos de contos com a temática prisional, além de inúmeros artigos e enredos ficcionais. Neste trabalho, serão apresentadas duas traduções de parte de sua poética, os contos Iachka e Sokolínets. Estas narrativas refletem as experiências do próprio autor, que foi enviado para o exílio na Sibéria e que retratou artisticamente as suas impressões. Cumpre notar que a representação realista da riqueza cultural siberiana, com dados precisos sobre as organizações sociais e os modos de vida dos inúmeros povos que convergiram para aquelas terras, sugerem toda a preocupação de um literato que, mais do que escrever, se preocupou com os descasos sofridos pela massa camponesa e atuou em uma série de julgamentos, defendendo cidadãos que lutavam contra a fome e a arbitrariedade de seu governo. Com esta pesquisa, o público leitor de língua portuguesa poderá reconhecer a importância de um intelectual verdadeiramente consciente de sua missão política, em uma Rússia que estava prestes a vivenciar uma grande transformação, com o fim do tsarismo e a vitória do partido Bolchevique. Ele enxergou os conflitos de sua época, sem nunca deixar de lado aqueles que mais necessitavam. O nome Vladímir Korolienko sempre será lembrado como aquele que representou a consciência de seu país. / Still little-studied and translated in Brazil, Korolienko composed along his path two cycles of short stories with the prison topic, in addition to several articles and plots in fiction. In this work, we are going to present two translations of part of his poetry, the stories Iachka and Sokolinets. These narratives reflect the experiences of the author himself that was sent to exile in Siberia and portrayed artistically his impressions. It is important to note that the realistic representation of the Siberian cultural richness, with accurate data on social organizations and lifestyles of numerous individuals that converged to those lands, suggest all the concern of a literary man who, more than writing, was worried with the disregard suffered by the rural mass and has served in different trials, defending those citizens who were fighting against the hunger and the arbitrariness of the government. With this study, the Portuguese reading public may recognize the importance of an intellectual truly aware of his political mission, in a Russia that was about to experience a major transformation, with the end of the tsarism and the victory of the Bolshevik party. He saw the conflicts of his time, never leaving aside the neediest. The name Vladimir Korolienko will always be remembered as the one who represented the conscience of his country.

“The Gulag and Soviet Society in Western Siberia, 1929-1953” examines the history of forced labour during the Stalin era in Western Siberia, or present-day Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Provinces. The region was a key site of Stalin-era repression, as it was home to numerous Gulag camps including Siblag, one of the longest lasting and most economically diversified of the many prison-labour camps scattered throughout the former Soviet Union. Western Siberia was also one of the main areas of exile for peasants and, later, displaced ethnic groups. The dissertation traces the seeming contradictions in the development of the Gulag by juxtaposing the very modern, bureaucratic “Gulag” as it appeared on paper, with the “Gulag” on the ground that relied heavily on informal practices, data falsification, and personal connections. The Gulag is thus emblematic of the “neo-traditional” modernization of the Soviet Union under Stalin. The dissertation also examines points of illicit and condoned interaction between the Gulag and surrounding population centres, thus challenging Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s seminal and enduring depiction of the Gulag as an isolated archipelago of concentration camps. Illicit interaction included widespread black-market activity, the smuggling of correspondence, sexual affairs, and, surprisingly, even instances of locals sneaking into the camps to use camp facilities. Condoned interaction took place at the level of local economic planning (the transfer of prisoners for help with specific projects), a striking overlap in cultural and propaganda campaigns, the contracting out of prisoners to local enterprises, and the granting of unescorted status to large numbers of prisoners, who thus had the right to move outside of the camp zones without guard. Because many of Western Siberia’s camps were located in and around major urban centres, including Novosibirsk and Tomsk, the region is important for examining issues of interaction. The dissertation draws extensively on sources from four archives in Moscow and four archives in Siberia, as well as Gulag newspapers, published and unpublished memoirs, document collections, and archival collections available in the United States. Many of these sources are under-utilized, including Communist Party documents from the local camp administrations, personal files of prisoners, and NKVD operational orders.

“The Gulag and Soviet Society in Western Siberia, 1929-1953” examines the history of forced labour during the Stalin era in Western Siberia, or present-day Novosibirsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Provinces. The region was a key site of Stalin-era repression, as it was home to numerous Gulag camps including Siblag, one of the longest lasting and most economically diversified of the many prison-labour camps scattered throughout the former Soviet Union. Western Siberia was also one of the main areas of exile for peasants and, later, displaced ethnic groups. The dissertation traces the seeming contradictions in the development of the Gulag by juxtaposing the very modern, bureaucratic “Gulag” as it appeared on paper, with the “Gulag” on the ground that relied heavily on informal practices, data falsification, and personal connections. The Gulag is thus emblematic of the “neo-traditional” modernization of the Soviet Union under Stalin. The dissertation also examines points of illicit and condoned interaction between the Gulag and surrounding population centres, thus challenging Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn’s seminal and enduring depiction of the Gulag as an isolated archipelago of concentration camps. Illicit interaction included widespread black-market activity, the smuggling of correspondence, sexual affairs, and, surprisingly, even instances of locals sneaking into the camps to use camp facilities. Condoned interaction took place at the level of local economic planning (the transfer of prisoners for help with specific projects), a striking overlap in cultural and propaganda campaigns, the contracting out of prisoners to local enterprises, and the granting of unescorted status to large numbers of prisoners, who thus had the right to move outside of the camp zones without guard. Because many of Western Siberia’s camps were located in and around major urban centres, including Novosibirsk and Tomsk, the region is important for examining issues of interaction. The dissertation draws extensively on sources from four archives in Moscow and four archives in Siberia, as well as Gulag newspapers, published and unpublished memoirs, document collections, and archival collections available in the United States. Many of these sources are under-utilized, including Communist Party documents from the local camp administrations, personal files of prisoners, and NKVD operational orders.

Populations of Lesser Sandhill Crane (Grus canadensis canadensis) have been increasing during the last decades in Eastern Siberia, an area historically known as breeding grounds of endangered Siberian Cranes (G. leucogeranus). Significant overlap in niche dimensions between the two species may occur and could lead to competition between them. Therefore, this study of comparative breeding ecology of common Lesser Sandhill Cranes and endangered Siberian Cranes was performed. From late May to early August 2000, I studied Lesser Sandhill and Siberian cranes within a 30,000-ha part of Kytalyk Resource Reserve in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Russia. My main objective was to compare dispersion patterns and resource use of breeding Lesser Sandhill and Siberian cranes in areas of distribution overlap. Lesser Sandhill Cranes used moderate-wet (polygon) areas as their nest sites and main foraging areas, where terrestrial foods were scattered. In contrast, Siberian Cranes were nesting and foraging on low-basin wet areas, where aquatic foods were concentrated and dominant. Inter-nest distances were less for heterospecific cranes than for conspecific cranes, and more territorial behavior was projected toward conspecifics than toward heterospecifics. Lesser Sandhill Cranes were more mobile and used moderate-wet (polygon) areas more than Siberian Cranes; however, both species spent similar time foraging and being alert. The two crane species used different vegetation types for nesting and foraging, had different time-activity budgets, and used different resources in the Siberian tundra. While the population of Lesser Sandhill Cranes in the study area has the potential to increase, both species may simultaneously share the same geographic area due to differences in ecological requirements.

主催：JST/CREST，Vrije University, ALTERRA, IBPC

Thesis (M.A.)--Carleton University, 2004. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 230-243). Also available in electronic format on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin, 1967. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

In the past years considerable attention has been given to soil organic carbon (SOC) stored in permafrost-affected soils in periglacial terrain. Studies have shown that these soils store around half the global SOC pool, making them a key component of the global carbon cycle. Much of the SOC presently stored in these soils has accumulated since the Pleistocene and is protected from decomposition and erosion by low temperatures close to or below the freezing point. This makes it vulnerable to remobilization under a warming climate. This thesis provides new data on SOC storage in three study areas in Siberian periglacial terrain. A high-resolution land cover classification (LCC) for each study area is used to perform detailed vertical and spatial partitioning of SOC. The results show that the vast majority (>86%) of the ecosystem carbon is stored in the top meter of soil. Low relative storage of carbon in plant phytomass indicates limited uptake potential by vegetation and emphasises the vulnerability of the SOC pool to geomorphic changes. Peat formation as well as cryoturbation are identified as the two main pedogenic processes leading to accumulation of SOC. Presence or absence of ice-rich Yedoma deposits determine soil formation and SOC storage at landscape scale. At local scale, periglacial landforms dominate SOC allocation in the tundra, while forest ecosystem dynamics and catenary position control SOC storage in the taiga. A large diversity of soil types is found in these environments and soil properties within pedons can be highly variable with depth. High-resolution satellite imagery allows upscaling of the SOC storage at unprecedented detail, but replication of soil pedons is a limiting factor for mapping of SOC in remote periglacial regions. Future research must look beyond traditional LCC approaches and investigate additional data-sources such as digital elevation models. The concept of state factors of soil formation is advocated as a framework to investigate present day and future SOC allocation in periglacial terrain.

No description available.