The aim of my diploma thesis is to find relevant causes of increasing amount of one-person households in Czech Republic. The ČSÚ files nearly 83% increase in this type of household in the last 15 years. My hypothesis is such, that a great role in this phenomenon plays social, economic and demographic factors. The theoretical part of my diploma thesis will be based mainly on dates available from the ČSÚ. I focus first on analysis of the single member households as a complex, following by part which will be considering the causes of this phenomenon. Sub-groups, by which I will look for the causes for increase in the amount, will be single member households of young people, so-called singles, and pensioners. The applied part of my diploma thesis will be based on evaluation of the role which this type of households play as a recipient of social benefits (rentiers) and also as an active contributor into the treasury (singles). I would like to; draw a prediction of the expenditures of social policy if the situation continues by the same rate from the results of my analysis.

The diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon singles and its development after 1989 in the territory of the Czech Republic. The implications of the phenomenon singles began gradually to appear after 2000. Theoretical part of the thesis contains explanation of concepts, possible causes of formation of this phenomenon, which in the recent past influenced the demographic indicators closely related to singles. Following practical part describes demographic indicators connected with phenomenon singles using graphs and carto diagrams based on data from the Czech Statistical Office. Also, the socio-economic data from research agency Median, s.r.o. and their research MML-TGI, which better capture the current development of phenomenon singles are shown. The conclusion is whether the hypotheses have been confirmed or refuted.

The mass media portrays traditional forms of marital status in contemporary films despite changing demographics. This thesis argues that romantic relationships are presented as a normative and significant part of completing a predetermined life course in adulthood. Specifically, recent films are entrenched with ideological messages regarding heterosexual marriage and fail to represent singles adequately. In Canadian society, legal marriage is becoming less frequent, common law relationships are increasing, family formations are more diverse, and individuals are happily choosing to be single. Therefore, it is crucial to explore if the media, a powerful socializing agent, communicates a preference for marriage by promoting the ideology of marriage. A content analysis was performed on nine top grossing films that were released in 2010. Overall, the findings demonstrate that regardless of changing demographics, the media privileges marriage and marginalizes singlehood. These films contribute to strengthening traditional ideologies of marriage and family and reinforce discrimination against singles.

The mass media portrays traditional forms of marital status in contemporary films despite changing demographics. This thesis argues that romantic relationships are presented as a normative and significant part of completing a predetermined life course in adulthood. Specifically, recent films are entrenched with ideological messages regarding heterosexual marriage and fail to represent singles adequately. In Canadian society, legal marriage is becoming less frequent, common law relationships are increasing, family formations are more diverse, and individuals are happily choosing to be single. Therefore, it is crucial to explore if the media, a powerful socializing agent, communicates a preference for marriage by promoting the ideology of marriage. A content analysis was performed on nine top grossing films that were released in 2010. Overall, the findings demonstrate that regardless of changing demographics, the media privileges marriage and marginalizes singlehood. These films contribute to strengthening traditional ideologies of marriage and family and reinforce discrimination against singles.

The mass media portrays traditional forms of marital status in contemporary films despite changing demographics. This thesis argues that romantic relationships are presented as a normative and significant part of completing a predetermined life course in adulthood. Specifically, recent films are entrenched with ideological messages regarding heterosexual marriage and fail to represent singles adequately. In Canadian society, legal marriage is becoming less frequent, common law relationships are increasing, family formations are more diverse, and individuals are happily choosing to be single. Therefore, it is crucial to explore if the media, a powerful socializing agent, communicates a preference for marriage by promoting the ideology of marriage. A content analysis was performed on nine top grossing films that were released in 2010. Overall, the findings demonstrate that regardless of changing demographics, the media privileges marriage and marginalizes singlehood. These films contribute to strengthening traditional ideologies of marriage and family and reinforce discrimination against singles.

Czech Singles Lifestyle with Focus on Eating Kateřina Vondrášová Abstract Thesis deals with the issue of singles lifestyle with particular regard to food and eating. The phenomenon of gender free attitude towards series of activities in the life of singles (in other words the standpoint on the social world and practices that occur in it independently on one's sex/gender) was identified through in-depth semi structural interviews with people, who rank themselves among singles. It appears mainly in the area of relationships with friends, in the sphere of intimate (sexual) relationships, in the area of household keeping and, last but not least, in the attitude towards the food preparation, cooking and eating generally. This phenomenon is tightly related to the phenomenon of self-opening, in other words crossing the border of the private sphere of household and the entrance into the public space not just in the spatial sense but also in the social sense. Singles contribute to the social life and solidarity of society thanks to their everyday strategies - it is an opposite trend than the one which is associated with singles stereotypically. The result of the grounded theory application, which also includes the determination of schema explaining singlehood phenomenon, was the discovery of a distinctive phenomena...

The main subject of this thesis is examining the current state of marital behavior of young people in the Czech Republic and it's development after 1989, focusing on the growing number of single households and the related phenomenon singles. The work is based on the first part of the empirical data, particularly demographic data on family behavior. It highlights the impact of the second demographic transition on the current state of family life of young people and indicates a historical development of nuptality and fertility. In the practical part the focus is mainly on the analysis of the fundamental characteristics of family behavior after 1989. An integral part of my work is the research on the topic.

The current study deals with the topic of partner relationships with a special focus on the fear of being single. Although it has been introduced still quite recently, it seems it can predict settling for less in relationships in sense of expressing interest in low-quality mates and lower likelihood of initiating the dissolution of a less satisfying relationship. The first part of this paper aims to explore phenomena of partner relationships and singlehood and to conduct a review of the current research on the topic of the fear of being single. The empirical research examines the association between fear of being single and demographic characteristics, personality traits (the Big Five model) and feelings of loneliness using the Fear of Being Single Scale (Spielmann et al. 2013), whose first Czech translation is introduced, the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (Hřebíčková & Urbánek, 2001) and the UCLA Loneliness Scale (Russel, 1993; Kumstátová, 2014). The study participants include 247 Czech adults. Women and involuntary singles reported significantly higher level of the fear of being single than men and voluntary singles respectively. Also the fear of being single proved to be significantly negatively correlated with Openness to Experience, Consciousness and Extraversion and significantly positively...

傳統社會中，大都存在著「男大當婚，女大當嫁」的基本價值規範，然而隨著近年來婚姻型態展現出多元複雜的風貌，有些人不再期待婚姻、不再依賴家庭，而選擇過單身生活或是延遲進入婚姻，由此造成單身人口增多的晚婚現象，此現象對於整體社會將造成何種衝擊，自是值得我們關心的課題，因此該議題值得探究。 因此，本研究旨在探討男女的單身成因、單身生活狀態、理想伴侶的條件和對於婚姻的看法。在方法上，採深入訪談法，以台北縣市軍公教之5位男性、7位女性為訪談對象。研究發現：形成單身的原因很少是單一的因素所造成，而係非常多個因素所聚合而成的結果。本研究綜合歸納這些原因為內在、外在二大因素：內在因素方面主要以「結婚對象難尋」為單身男女維持單身的主要成因；外在因素方面為「力不足以成家」，其中又以考量「經濟因素」為單身的主要成因。在12位受訪的單身男女當中，他們生活狀態，則以有交往對象或是性伴侶者的伴侶型態居多，而自願長期單身的「獨身主義者」則佔少數。 在擇偶條件方面，男性偏好「顧家」和「身體健康」的女性；女性則偏好「感覺」和「工作能力強」的男性。 在婚姻觀方面，單身男女整體的婚姻態度以抱持負面看法者居多，他們認為人生其實「不一定要結婚」，也「不會期待婚姻」、「不嚮往婚姻」。進一步分開性別來看，男性認為相處到老不容易，女性則是認為自己最為可靠；不過對於婚姻的評價，則男女均持較為正面的態度，認為「有婚姻總是好的」。 最後，依據本研究發現提出幾項建議，包括：（一）確立人生目標；（二）建立正確的兩性相處價值觀；（三）肯定自己存在的價值；（四）學習人際溝通與情感的表達；（五）尊重多元的婚姻觀念；（六）積極拓展人際關係網絡；（七）培養健全的性觀念；（八）充實精神生活的內涵。 / In traditional society, there exists more about the fundamental value norm "When the married men and women, when the marriage." But in recent years, marriage patterns show a complex multi-style, some people no longer look forward to marriage and depend on the family instead of choosing a single life or delaying their marriage. This result makes the single population increasing of later marriage. This phenomenon making what impact for the whole community is worth our caring about the subject. This subject is worthy of inquiry. Therefore, this study was about investigating the causes of single men and women, single life, ideal partner’condition and the views of marriage. In the method, I adopt in-depth interviews to the Taipei city and county of the five men and seven women who’s job are teachers, soldiers or government workers as the interview object. Study found that: a single reason is rarely caused by a single factor instead of many factors polymerization from the results. The study comprehensive summed up these reasons for the internal and external two major factors: internal factors are mainly to " hard to find a marry person " for single man and woman remain single. And major cause of external factors is "can not keep the families", which consider "economic factors" as the main causes of single.In 12 single men and women respondents, there are contacts or sexual partners who form the majority partner, and voluntary long-term "singles”accounted for a minority in their living conditions. Spouse Choosing in terms of male preference is about "housekeeping" and "health" of women; women prefer "feeling" and "strong capacity" of men. In thinking about marriage, there are more of single men and women who hold negative views to the marriage. They think that life actually "do not necessarily have to marry" and "not looking forward to marriage," and "not long for marriage." Further separation of gender, men think that live to old age is not easy. For women, they think that they are the most reliable to themselves, but for the evaluation of the marriage, both men and women have a more positive attitude, saying that "marriage is always good." Finally, based on this study, I made several recommendations which include: (a) establish life goals, (2) to establish the correct values of gender relations, (3) affirmed the value of their existence; (d) learn interpersonal communication and emotional expression; (5) respect for the diverse concepts of marriage, (6) Actively expand interpersonal networks; (7) develop a correct sex concept (8) enrich the connotation of spiritual life.

Během 90. let se v české společnosti začala konstituovat nová společenská vrstva singles, která upouští od tradičních hodnot týkajících se vstupu do manželství a založení rodiny a rozhodla se žít o samotě. Právě singles se stali předmětem mé diplomové práce, kterou jsem rozdělila na část teoretickou a část praktickou. V teoretické části své práce jsem se pokusila vystihnout základní problematiku singles, svou pozornost jsem zaměřila nejen na charakteristiku, ale i na různé typologie singles, jejich partnerské vztahy, zmínila jsem také historické okolnosti, které ovlivnily vznik této skupiny lidí. V teoretické části jsem se také věnovala otázce sňatečnosti a reprodukce, pokusila jsem se pomocí literatury zjistit, jaký názor a jaký postoj k této problematice zaujímají současní mladí lidé a také jakou vizi o své budoucnosti mají. Vzhledem k tomu, že obraz singles není dosud ucelený, rozhodla jsem se v praktické části své práce zjistit, jaký obraz o životě singles poskytují média. Jako média jsem zvolila dva typy periodik, a to časopis Maxim, který je primárně určen pro muže a časopis Harper's Bazaar, který je určen především pro ženy. Tato periodika jsem sledovala v první polovině roku 2010, kdy jsem nashromáždila určitý korpus textů, které jsem pak podrobila analýze. Jako metodu práce jsem zvolila...