Entre o fim do século XVIII e ao longo da primeira metade do XIX a África Centro-oriental contribuiu, de forma significativa, com mão-de-obra escrava para o desenvolvimento do capitalismo mundial. A maior parte dos africanos daí procedentes, vindos com destino ao Brasil, concentrou-se nas áreas cafeeiras da região sudeste, onde no final do século XVIII desenvolveu-se o núcleo cafeicultor inicial da capitania e, posteriormente, província de São Paulo. Durante as três primeiras décadas do século XIX, com a introdução maciça de escravos e o deslanche da produção cafeeira, a região do Vale do Paraíba paulista se transformou em uma típica zona de plantation cuja importância econômica se estendeu até o final da escravidão. O objeto central deste trabalho são os africanos oriundos da costa Centro-oriental. Por meio de um estudo demográfico procuramos rastrear estes indivíduos nas fazendas cafeeiras de Bananal buscando examinar como se deu a inserção destes africanos nas senzalas da região. Utilizamos diferentes fontes documentais do período, tais como: inventários post-mortem de proprietários da região, registros eclesiásticos de casamentos escravos e relatos de viajantes. / Between the late eighteenth century and throughout the first half of the nineteenth century East-Central Africa contributed significantly to supply slave labor to the development of world capitalism. Most Africans coming from there to Brazil was leaded to the coffee areas in the southeast, where, in the late eighteenth century, developed the initial core of coffee production of the captaincy, and the province, of São Paulo. During the first three decades of the nineteenth century, with the massive introduction of slaves and the growth of coffee production, the Paraíba Valley turned into a typical plantation zone, whose economic importance persisted until the end of slavery. The central object of this work are Africans slaves from the central-eastern coast. Through a demographic study we tried to trace theses individuals in the coffee farms of Bananal, we try to examine how was the inclusion of Africans in the slave plantations of the region. We use different documentary sources of the period, such as postmortem inventories of slave owners of the region, church records of marriages and travelers accounts.

Modern studies of Roman slave subownership have been heavily influenced by Erman’s seminal study on slave vicarii. Based on the etymology of the word vicarius, Erman argued that initially the main function of vicarii was to be substitutes of other slaves. Only in the late Republic did the word vicarius also start to denote a slave that was part of another slave’s peculium. This thesis challenges Erman’s dichotomist view of the historical evolution of the Roman vicariat by arguing that the semantics of the word vicarius was already fully developed in the earliest stages for which written records have survived, and that it remained unchanged during the whole central period of Roman history (212 BC-AD 235). There was always only one type of slave vicarius: a slave who was part of another slave’s peculium. The term used to denote this type of slave has little historical relevance, as their purpose was not to replace the slaves they were subordinated to in the service of the master. If they ever performed tasks in lieu of their superiors, it was a consequence of being subordinated to them as independently controlled property. Chapter One focuses on the semantics of the word vicarius in literary sources. It shows that the term had two different meanings depending on whether it was used in relation to free people or to slaves, and that the semantic and syntactic context made the two meanings always distinguishable. Chapter Two deals exclusively with legal sources. It argues that, in the writings of the jurists, a slave vicarius was always an asset of another slave’s peculium, regardless of the tasks they performed. Chapter Three focuses on epigraphic texts produced by slave vicarii themselves or by the people who were closely related to them. It shows how slaves used the title vicarius to mark their permanent personal relationship to another slave. It also discusses the criteria used by Erman and Weaver in their unsuccessful attempts to distinguish between different types of vicarii in the sources. Finally, a short postscript provides a concise description of the semantic change the word vicarius went through in the fourth century AD, and it assesses the possibility that slave subownership survived in late Antiquity even though no slave vicarii are attested sporting the title.

Texte remanié de: Diss.--Philosophische Fakultät--Kiel--Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 1998. / Bibliogr. p. 471-489.

3 Magisterabeiten--Lehrstuhl für Ur- und Frügeschichte--Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin. / Bibliogr. à la fin de chacune des 3 parties.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International.

Thesis (M.A.)--Ohio State University, 1932. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-96). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center

This study investigates the lives of female sufferers of the Holocaust and American slavery by comparing the different experiences of female and male imprisonment. Critics’ viewpoints on African-American slavery versus the Holocaust genocide were used to write this study. Lastly, it will be noted from renowned authors, their perspective of enslavement being much more torturous to women than men. A historical-analysis approach will be used to record the lives of the women discussed. Diaries, biographies, and reputable sources such as scholarly journals are to be employed to verify and document the events of the Holocaust and American slavery. The conclusion drawn from the research supports the idea that the aspects of female daily life in bondage consists of vulnerability to rape, forced motherhood, humiliation, sexual bargaining, pregnancy, abortion and fear for one’s children.

No description available.

This thesis is a study of free people of colour during the era of emancipation in Barbados, with a particular focus on their relationships with and attitudes towards slaves. It examines the period between the 1816 slave rebellion and the 1854 cholera epidemic, encompassing the apprenticeship period of 1834-1838. The thesis argues that differences of class, political ideology, gender and the specific nature of their relationships with slaves determined emancipation's impact on free people of colour. At the same time, the thesis illustrates that pre-emancipation free people of colour as a group remained economically and politically marginal after emancipation, much as they had been during slavery. Reforms to the island's slave laws during the 1820s and early 1830s undermined the legal distinction between free people of colour and slaves. The abolitionism debate and increasing racial tension in the island led free non-whites to challenge openly the principle of racial subordination for the first time. After 1834, elite free people of colour forged a sense of "race consciousness", and adopted emancipation as the key to their battle against racial inequality, asserting themselves as the legitimate protectors of ex-slaves' interests. However class differences and disagreements over emancipation policy led to political factionalism among people of colour. The absence of fundamental change in the distribution of land and wealth after emancipation left most pre-1834 free people of colour and ex-slaves with little hope of political enfranchisement or socio-economic betterment. By the early 1850s, many came to see emigration as the solution to their difficulties. This thesis is the first study of pre-1834 free people of colour in post-emancipation Barbados, and one of few to examine both the periods of slavery and postemancipation. By focussing on the intricate relations between free people of colour and slaves/ex-slaves, this thesis shows how emancipation transformed many aspects of social relations in Barbados ― particularly with regard to race, class, labour and gender.

Texte remanié de: Habilitationsschrift--Philosophisch-historische Fakultät--Basel--Universität Basel, 1986.