Large public water utilities currently are required to take several 100 mL water samples every month in their distribution systems and to test these samples for the presence of total coliforms to comply with the Total Coliform Rule. How and where they take these samples is not specified. The Total Coliform Rule is currently undergoing review and revision. One possible revision is more specific rule language or guidance of where and when utilities take their monthly coliform water samples. This project considers various drinking water distribution system monitoring strategies for a large drinking water utility using simulations within an EPANET computer model of that utility's distribution system. A review of the literature and the use of best professional judgment help to inform the understanding of the primary causes of the occurrence of coliform bacteria in drinking water distribution systems. In this analysis, both contamination scenarios and coliform monitoring approaches are simulated in the EPANET computer model to better understand what types of contamination events might be detected by routine coliform monitoring and to what extent monitoring strategies affect observed results. In addition, statistical strengths of the various strategies and their respective results are considered in this project. Analysis of model output supports the assertion that water age may be a good factor to consider in designing a monitoring plan, especially if sampling cannot be conducted every day and that taking samples immediately after and in the vicinity of rapid changes in flow (e.g., during a firefighting incident) may help utility operators to better understand what associated risk, if any, exists to consumers of drinking water as a result of these flow conditions. / Master of Science

x, 62 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm Notes Typescript Thesis (M.S.)--University of Oregon, 1987 Includes vita and abstract Bibliography: leaves 54-62 Another copy on microfilm is located in Archives

Recent research suggests that brackish, marine-derived groundwater up-wells in the oligohaline ecotone of the coastal Everglades, bringing with it phosphorus to an otherwise phosphorus-poor environment. The purpose of this study is to estimate the rates and timing of the groundwater discharge by using variable-density groundwater models constructed, calibrated, and validated with field measurements of hydraulic head and surface and subsurface temperature. Modeled groundwater discharge rates ranged from 5.4E-04 mm/day in August to -1.3E-03 mm/day in June for Shark Slough and 4.8E-01 mm/day in June to -1.4E-01 mm/day in January for Taylor Slough, where positive values imply groundwater discharge and negative values imply groundwater recharge. These results indicate that groundwater discharge rates during the period of study were low and perhaps a negligible source of marine-derived phosphorous in the oligohaline ecotone of Shark Slough but much higher and perhaps significant source of marine-derived phosphorous in the oligohaline ecotone of Taylor Slough.

Typescript. Includes vita and abstract. Bibliography: Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-60). Description: xi, 60 leaves : ill. ; 29 cm.

This study attempts to give a preliminary survey of the marsh habitat in Powell's Slough near Utah Lake. The following aspects are treated: seasonal waterfowl utilization of the slough, productivity of nesting water-fowl, description of the vegetation, invertebrate analysis, and analysis of environmental factors that may influence the habitat.

Aquatic fungi in-Powell's Slough were.studied in 1967 & 1968. Collections were made and water temperature, oxygen content & pH values were measured at weekly intervals. For collections, wire baskets containing substrata were submerged in water for one month. After collecting, substrata were brought to the laboratory. Identification was based on the keys of Sparrow, 1960. Aquatic fungi identified included seven orders, nine families, fifteen genera, and thirty species, from thirty-three collections of fifteen types of substrata. The substrata used in this study were: (i) fruits: apples, rose hips, plums, pears, haws; (ii) twigs: poplar, weeping willow, river birch, weeping white birch, pine, sumac, roseleaf mountain ash; (iii) others: algae, snake skin, fish head. Blastocladia pringsheimii was the predominant species, found on twelve different types of substrata. The number of species increased both in spring and in autumn, and decreased in summer.

The historic Everglades Ridge and Slough landscape maintained regularly spaced and elevated sawgrass ridges interspersed among exposed deeper-water sloughs; however, widespread but irregular hydrologic modification has degraded much of this landscape patterning. My study assessed the effects of hydrologic modification on vegetation community distinctness within the Ridge and Slough landscape through sampling species composition at fine-scales along a hydrologic gradient to measure the magnitude of segregation of species among patch types. The results show that vegetation community and topographic variation degradation is widespread, with distinctness differences proceeding and possibly being driven by topographic variation loss. Vegetation responses to past hydrologic regime modifications are likely affected by temporal lags; however, vegetation distinctness regeneration may also be hindered by a vegetatively homogeneous alternative stable state. Hydrologic regime restoration is critical for Ridge and Slough patterned landscape reestablishment, but management targets are complicated by vegetation response lags and possibly alternative stable states.

A history of the development and organization of artificial land drainage in Manitoba and the involvement of statutory authorities in land drainage is reviewed. The Department of Mines, Resources and Environmental Management Water Resources Division, conservation districts and municipal governments divide jurisdiction and responsibility over watercourses in Manitoba. The Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration and the Manitoba Department of Agricultural Technical Services Branch provide conditional assistance to farmers contemplating slough drainage. The Agricultural and Rural Development Agreement and the Fund for Rural Economic Development Program contain comprehensive drainage programs in Manitoba. The common and statute law concerning drainage is reviewed. Legal drainage procedures for individuals, rural municipalities, conservation districts and the Province of Manitoba are outlined. In addition, procedures for obtaining drainage assistance from the Manitoba Department of Agriculture and the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration are also presented. Many statutory provisions concerning drainage in Manitoba are obscure and inconsistent. Clarification of these provisions is sorely needed before drainage law can be used as an effective tool in a wetland preservation effort.

A history of the development and organization of artificial land drainage in Manitoba and the involvement of statutory authorities in land drainage is reviewed. The Department of Mines, Resources and Environmental Management Water Resources Division, conservation districts and municipal governments divide jurisdiction and responsibility over watercourses in Manitoba. The Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration and the Manitoba Department of Agricultural Technical Services Branch provide conditional assistance to farmers contemplating slough drainage. The Agricultural and Rural Development Agreement and the Fund for Rural Economic Development Program contain comprehensive drainage programs in Manitoba. The common and statute law concerning drainage is reviewed. Legal drainage procedures for individuals, rural municipalities, conservation districts and the Province of Manitoba are outlined. In addition, procedures for obtaining drainage assistance from the Manitoba Department of Agriculture and the Prairie Farm Rehabilitation Administration are also presented. Many statutory provisions concerning drainage in Manitoba are obscure and inconsistent. Clarification of these provisions is sorely needed before drainage law can be used as an effective tool in a wetland preservation effort.

For my project I’ve chosen to create a Business Plan for a Crisis Management Consultancy company. To do this I’ve used a limited company and named it Navigator Ltd. In the preceding project I’ve explained all the essential steps needed to create a new company, as well as pointing out the importance of crisis management for various companies on the market. I’ve described the services in detail, compared the competing businesses in the field of crisis management, shown a view of the future and built a personnel infrastructure of the described company. I’ve created a realistic company strategy and planned budgets needed for a smooth start.