The urban population is predicted to increase to 66% by 2050. The rapid growth of urbanization and increasing congestion are significant challenges faced by the world today. Innovative solutions in urban mobility are key for a successful development and a sustainable future. The new paradigm, Internet of Things (IoT), facilitates the need for new approaches in urban transportation, leading to a modern concept: Smart Mobility. The boom of technology and innovation from recent years allowed a great expansion of IoT. Furthermore, the number of smart devices that communicate, cooperate and complement each other, grows rapidly in every domain broadening the scope of IoT applications. This paper sets to discuss the impact that IoT might have on urban mobility, mentioning its implications, challenges and technical solutions. It further reviews the advancements made in the transport infrastructure along the years that support the emergence of Smart Mobility. Three main research questions stay at the forefront of this paper which are drafted in pursuit of the solutions for the problems and challenges currently faced by urban transportation. Which leads to a sustainable future with efficient and effective urban transportation system. The paper uses a mix-method approach, using on one hand qualitative research for literature review (State of the field) and on the other hand quantitative research to assess public opinion on the research topic, through an online questionnaire. To answer the research questions with proper arguments, both research methods were necessary, which lead to optimal results. The results of the questionnaire were interpreted based on Spearman's correlation and descriptive statistical analysis. They brought an in-depth view on the public opinion regarding IoT and the developments enabled by this paradigm within the urban mobility sphere. The output of the questionnaire highlights the eagerness of participants usually stuck in traffic to see innovation within urban mobility. Over all the results based on the opinions suggest that the public strongly believes in the Internet of Thing's applications and its adaptation will benefit the urban transportation system. Furthermore, new developments in the urban mobility sphere will be largely embraced.

Published Article / South African cities are in the process of transition in the changing scenario and need a change in the planning perspective for their sustainable development. The concept of smart city offers opportunities for such development to many middle sized cities of South Africa. Therefore, in this paper conceptual modelling for development of smart cities in South Africa is attempted based on systems concept. The conceptual models are built by using the principles of system dynamics methodology and based on causal feedback relationships among the various factors under different smart characteristics of a city such as, smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, smart environment and smart living. The causal feedback loops and interrelationship among various parameters illustrate the dynamicity and influence of parameters on one another, which would able to assist in evolving plausible policy interventions for developing smart cities in South Africa. It is concluded that the modelling approaches presented here could guide the policy makers and city planners to evolve robust and responsive policy interventions for developing smart cities in the changing scenario.

Published Article / In this paper an evaluation of smart socioeconomic, physical and environmental characteristics of Bloemfontein city of South Africa was done to understand the current scenario of the city and evolve perspective indicative planning guidelines for transforming the city into a smart city. The evaluation was done based on 74 smart indicators, and 30 factors under six characteristics, such as, smart economy, smart people, smart governance, smart mobility, smart environment and smart living. For this purpose, survey research methodology with analysis of primary and secondary data and review of the current Integrated Development Plan of the city was followed. The investigation of the various indicators revealed that although the city is lagging behind in most of the characteristics, yet provides ample opportunity to develop it as a smart city, if smart city concept and smart growth principles are employed in city development process.

Im Straßenverkehr, der in Deutschland einen hohen Anteil klimaschädlicher Emissionen verursacht, müssen angesichts in 2022 verfehlter Sektorziele des Bundes-Klimaschutzgesetzes (KSG) neue Antworten gefunden werden, um einer ungeregelten, nicht nachhaltigen Verkehrsentwicklung innovativ und zielorientiert zu entgegnen. Dafür braucht es eine aktiv gestaltete Verkehrswende, die sich, anders als bisher, auch vor einer Beeinflussung des individuellen Verkehrsverhaltens nicht verschließt und eine verstärkte Nutzung nachhaltiger Verkehrsmittel begünstigt. Die herkömmlichen Instrumente der Verkehrspolitik sind dafür ungeeignet und auch die Mobilitäts- und Verkehrsforschung lassen erforderliche adäquate, realitätsnahe, verhaltensbasierte Ansätze vermissen. Diese Arbeit zeigt, dass die Forschung zum Mobilitäts- und Verkehrsverhalten wesentlich von Erkennt-nissen der Verhaltensökonomie profitieren kann. So kann diese unter anderem dafür herangezogen werden, um psychologische, soziale und kontextuelle Verhaltensdeterminanten zu erklären. Eine Diskussion ausgewählter verhaltensökonomischer Effekte innerhalb der Arbeit zeigt exemplarisch, dass sich durch deren Einbindung bisher unberücksichtigter Faktoren, wie extrinsische Einflüsse sowie unbewusste, aber auch fehlerbehaftete Entschlüsse innerhalb der Verkehrsmittelentscheidung anwendungsnah berücksichtigen lassen. Auch Beeinflussungen der Verkehrsteilnehmer hinsichtlich einer nachhaltigeren Verkehrsmittelwahl werden dabei diskutiert. In der empirischen Hypothesenprüfung werden die in der Diskussion untersuchten verhaltensökonomischen Ansätze aufgegriffen und anhand einer vom Hessischen Ministerium für Wirtschaft, Energie, Verkehr und Landesentwicklung (HMWEVL) zur Verfügung gestellten Begleitbefragung zum LandesTicket Hessen auf ihre Gültigkeit hin überprüft. Dabei werden verhaltensökonomische Effekte wie der Endowment-Effekt, der Isolation-Effekt und der Status-quo-bias empirisch bestätigt. Die Arbeit zeigt, dass das Mobilitätsverhalten im Verkehr einer deutlich realitätsnäheren Beurteilung bedarf und dies mittels Verwendung verhaltensökonomischer Ansätze erreicht werden kann. Die Verkehrspolitik, aber auch die Mobilitäts- und Verkehrsforschung, müssen sich indes der Herausforderung stellen die Verkehrswende proaktiv zu gestalten um einer ungeregelten klimaschädlichen Entwicklung entgegenzuwirken und eine nachhaltige Verkehrsmittelnutzung langfristig zu fördern.:1. Einleitung 2. Mobilität und Verkehr 3. Mobilitäts- und Verkehrswende 4. Verhaltensökonomie und verhaltensökonomische Ansätze 5. Auswahl verhaltensökonomischer Ansätze zur Prüfung des Einflusses auf das Mobilitätsverhalten 6. Verhaltensökonomische Ansätze in der Mobilitätsforschung / Diskussion ausgewählter Effekte 7. Empirische Hypothesenprüfung zum Einfluss der Verhaltensökonomie auf die Mobilitätsforschung 8. Entwicklungsmöglichkeiten und Empfehlungen

The issue that this study addresses is the public transportations difficulty to adapt and keep up with the continuously digitizing society. To address this problem, the purpose of this study will be to investigate what could be a contribution to the further improvements within public transportation systems. The study is established alongside with the recently started “Welcome onboard” project, where the purpose is to develop and extend the public transportation as we know it today. The aim is to through five different functional areas urge the utility, where crowdsourcing will play a central role. We are distinguishing three public transport authorities attitudes towards the different functions of the project. We will investigate the attitudes towards the Welcome  onboardprojects functions and if they could be a contribution to the RKM-companies future development. Furthermore, this thesis will also investigate how the RKM-companies would grade the different advantages of different functional areas, and in a extend what would bevital for an future implementation. The empirical data collection consist of interviews of informants with a deep understanding ofthe development of the public transportations. First we interviewed two key persons of the Welcome onboard project, to get a deep understanding of the project. Later on we interviewed key persons at Värmlandstrafiken and Västtrafik, that are two different regional public transportation authorities. To strengthen our results we also chose to interview Samtrafiken, which task are to develop collaborations and offer services within information and ticket solutions for the public transport industry. This is made in order to benefit both traffic the RKM and the travelers.  All the interviews were transcribed and analyzed, later the empirical data collection could be compared through different cases. These cases were categorized by information about the company that the interviewees where representing and the answers regarding the attitudes towards the “Welcome onboard”-project and its functions. The result from the thesis will give an understanding of Västtrafik, Värmlandstrafiken and Samtrafikens perspective of the functions and attitudes towards the further development of public transportation.

Contemporary cities challenge with complex problems. Different aspects of problems can be listed like ecological, demographical, economical or spatial. These problems require smart solutions. Increasing population and urbanization also force us to develop intelligent approaches to create economically, socially and environmentally sustainable cities. It&rsquo / s important that local authorities and planners have to have precise data to take actions against day to day urban problems. Collecting data and turning them in a knowledge are valuable for taking decisions and formulating urban policies. ICT technologies help spatial planners and decision-makers for collecting data and using them for taking agile and smart decisions. These smart solutions can be applied to different domains of cities. This thesis aims at elaborating the smart city concept and its potentials for solving complex urban challenges. A general analysis of world examples and a more profound analysis of a case study, namely Singapore Intelligent Island, have helped understanding the principles and criteria for attaining smartness in cities. The inferences from these analyses can provide a basis for the Turkish context. There are certain policies driven by Ministry of Environment and Urbanism in Turkey. Strategic action plans and legislative regulations can be a base for smart solutions for Turkish context.

The transport sector is responsible for a significant and growing proportion of greenhouse gas emissions.  The urgent actions are required to take in the transport sector facing the challenge of growing global change. The major trends, including global urbanization, widespread application of digital technologies, and broad demand for sustainable development, have provided new opportunities for data-driven smart mobility in the future. This research aims to explore potentials of data-driven smart mobility in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 11.2, “provide access to safe, affordable, accessible and sustainable transport systems for all,” and Sustainable Development Goal 13.2, “take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts” and “integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies and planning” reducing greenhouse gas emissions every year. In order to meet this aim, this research explores the understandings and innovations of data-driven smart mobility in achieving decarbonization in urban, as well as barriers during the current practices. Hangzhou, as the capital city in Zhejiang Province in China, has been selected for the case study to examine data-driven smart mobility approaches. The research results show that the potentials of the data to tackle climate issues lie in the efficient transport operation and travel behaviors change. Data technologies have been widely applied to improve the integration of travel modes and the efficiency of transport management to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in road traffic. However, there are few drivers to mine data resources for travel behavior change. Moreover, data-driven smart mobility initiatives applied in urban areas involve multiple stakeholders but with limited access to data sharing and opening. Considering disruptive effects and potential promises brought by the big data technologies, the implementation of smart mobility requires for public data strategy with a holistic view of the complex urban challenges and global climate change.

This licentiate thesis investigates the development of two aspects of smart mobility, driverless shuttles and Mobility as a Service (MaaS) in relation to public transport. Smart mobility has emerged as a term to describe and label a group of changes unfolding in the transport sector, such as the role out of automated vehicles, electrification, the spread of platforms and new types of shared services,as well as new concepts to integrate multiple forms of mobility, often referred toas Mobility as a Service (or MaaS). The aim of this thesis is to provide insights into the governance of smart mobility, and more specifically the ways in which public transport governance and planning is shaped or reshaped by these processes. I explore how pilot projects for MaaS and driverless shuttles are being implemented in a specific case in Barkarbystaden, in Järfälla municipality in the greater Stockholm region. Barkarbystaden is a site of large scale infrastructural and urban development. This broader development has influenced the emergence of a collaboration between the local municipality of Järfälla, Stockholm’s regional public transport authority (RPTA), and the private bus operator Nobina Sweden. The collaboration is based on developing public transport in tandem with new technologies and services. As part of this collaboration two pilot projects were launched, one for driverless shuttles as partof public transport, and one for MaaS. In this thesis I draw on the concept of the governance assemblage to explore the formation of the collaboration, and translation to discuss the framing and introduction of both driverless shuttles and MaaS. I specifically ask which roles, responsibilities, and links between the organisations involved and smart mobility shape and characterise the collaboration, as well as how relations take shape around MaaS and driverless shuttles. This case shows how the backdrop of urban and infrastructure development in Barkarbystaden plays a key role in shaping these developments and highlights the influence of existing roles and relationships within public transport planning. In this study the introduction of smart mobility is characterised by the relationship between the operator and RPTA. The way in which smart mobility takes shape with a clear link to the existing role and responsibilities of the bus operator suggests  the role of the private operator takes on a new meaning within public transport in relation to smart mobility. The aspects of smart mobility piloted in this case also have different implications and connections topublic transport governance and planning. The pilot for driverless shuttles creates connections to established formal documents, roles and existing processes for public transport provision while MaaS re-orders roles between the RPTA and the operator in this case. This re-ordering of roles is part of the framing of the MaaS concept, and this case illustrates how this emerges in a specific context and the ways in which different actors relate to the concept, influencing how MaaS materializes in this setting. Altogether, this case highlights how different formsof smart mobility have different implications for public transport planning and governance and illustrates how the role of the operator gains new significance at the intersection of smart mobility and public transport. / Denna licentiatavhandling undersöker utvecklingen av två aspekter av smart mobilitet: små autonoma bussar och Mobility as a Service (MaaS) och hur dessa utvecklas och implementeras i ett kollektivtrafik sammanhang. Smart mobilitet är ett begrepp som kommit att användas för att beskriva förändringar som pågår inom transportsektorn, såsom utveckling av autonoma fordon, elektrifiering, enökad användning av digitala plattformar, nya typer av delade tjänster, samt nya sätt att kombinera och integrera mobilitetstjänster t ex genom koncept som MaaS. Syftet med avhandlingen är att bidra med kunskap om styrningen av smart mobilitet, och mer specifikt hur styrning och planering av kollektivtrafik formas och omformas av dessa processer. Jag utforskar pilotprojekt för MaaS och små autonoma bussar i ett specifikt fall i Barkarbystaden, i Järfälla kommun i Stockholmsregionen. Barkarbystaden är ett område där storskalig infrastruktur- och stadsutveckling pågår, och i samband med denna bredare utveckling har ett samverkansprojekt vuxit fram mellan Järfälla kommun, Stockholms regionala kollektivtrafikmyndighet och bussoperatören Nobina som tillhandahåller busstrafik i området på uppdrag av regionen. Samarbetet mellan dessa aktörer tar avstamp i planeringen och utformningen av kollektivtrafik i detta område, och genomsyras av ambitioner att implementera nya typer av teknik och tjänster som kan knyta an till den vidare stadsutvecklingen. Som en del av samarbetet lanserades två pilotprojekt, ett för förarlösa bussar och ett för MaaS. I avhandlingen använder jag begreppet governance assemblage för att undersöka hur samarbetet formades. Jag använder också begreppet translation för att analysera hur autonoma bussar och MaaS har ramats in och utvecklats över tid. Jag undersöker specifikt vilka roller, ansvarsområden och länkar mellan organisationerna och smart mobilitet som formar och karakteriserar samarbetet, liksom hur relationer tar form kring MaaS och små autonoma bussar. Avhandlingen visar hur infrastruktur- och stadsutvecklingen i Barkarbystaden spelar en nyckelroll för hur samarbetet mellan aktörerna tog form och belyser hur befintliga roller och relationer inom kollektivtrafikplanering påverkar utvecklingen av smart mobilitet. Av studien framgår hur introduktionen av smart mobilitet påverkas av förhållandet mellan operatören och kollektivtrafikmyndigheten. Smart mobilitet tar form med en tydlig koppling till bussoperatörens befintliga roll och ansvarsområde vilket tyder på en ny betydelse för den privata operatörerens roll inom kollektivtrafik i förhållande till smart mobilitet. Implementeringen av MaaS och små autonoma bussar vissa hur dessa aspekter av smart mobilitet har åtskilliga konsekvenser och kopplingar till styrning och planering av kollektivtrafik. Medan piloten för små autonoma bussar knöt an till formella dokument, roller och processer för kollektivtrafikförsörjning, ledde MaaS-piloten till förändrade relationer mellan operatören och kollektrafikmyndigheten. Att om organisera befintliga roller och strukturer är endel av MaaS-konceptet. Denna studie illustrerar hur ett försök att realisera konceptet faller ut i praktiken, och att vad MaaS blir påverkas av hur olika aktörer förhåller sig till konceptet. Sammantaget belyser denna studie hur olika former av smart mobilitet har olika konsekvenser för planering och styrning av kollektivtrafik, samt att operatörens roll får en ny betydelse i mötet mellan smart mobilitet och kollektivtrafik. / Re-inventing Public Transport in a future of Smart Mobility: Roles, strategies, and collaboration / Energy efficiency of smart mobility requires instruments for shared mobility / New mobilities in the making - an exploration of collaborative arrangements that shape future urban public transport

This licentiate thesis investigates the development of two aspects of smart mobility, driverless shuttles and Mobility as a Service (MaaS) in relation to public transport. Smart mobility has emerged as a term to describe and label a group of changes unfolding in the transport sector, such as the role out of automated vehicles, electrification, the spread of platforms and new types of shared services,as well as new concepts to integrate multiple forms of mobility, often referred toas Mobility as a Service (or MaaS). The aim of this thesis is to provide insights into the governance of smart mobility, and more specifically the ways in which public transport governance and planning is shaped or reshaped by these processes. I explore how pilot projects for MaaS and driverless shuttles are being implemented in a specific case in Barkarbystaden, in Järfälla municipality in the greater Stockholm region. Barkarbystaden is a site of large scale infrastructural and urban development. This broader development has influenced the emergence of a collaboration between the local municipality of Järfälla, Stockholm’s regional public transport authority (RPTA), and the private bus operator Nobina Sweden. The collaboration is based on developing public transport in tandem with new technologies and services. As part of this collaboration two pilot projects were launched, one for driverless shuttles as partof public transport, and one for MaaS. In this thesis I draw on the concept of the governance assemblage to explore the formation of the collaboration, and translation to discuss the framing and introduction of both driverless shuttles and MaaS. I specifically ask which roles, responsibilities, and links between the organisations involved and smart mobility shape and characterise the collaboration, as well as how relations take shape around MaaS and driverless shuttles. This case shows how the backdrop of urban and infrastructure development in Barkarbystaden plays a key role in shaping these developments and highlights the influence of existing roles and relationships within public transport planning. In this study the introduction of smart mobility is characterised by the relationship between the operator and RPTA. The way in which smart mobility takes shape with a clear link to the existing role and responsibilities of the bus operator suggests  the role of the private operator takes on a new meaning within public transport in relation to smart mobility. The aspects of smart mobility piloted in this case also have different implications and connections topublic transport governance and planning. The pilot for driverless shuttles creates connections to established formal documents, roles and existing processes for public transport provision while MaaS re-orders roles between the RPTA and the operator in this case. This re-ordering of roles is part of the framing of the MaaS concept, and this case illustrates how this emerges in a specific context and the ways in which different actors relate to the concept, influencing how MaaS materializes in this setting. Altogether, this case highlights how different formsof smart mobility have different implications for public transport planning and governance and illustrates how the role of the operator gains new significance at the intersection of smart mobility and public transport. / Denna licentiatavhandling undersöker utvecklingen av två aspekter av smart mobilitet: små autonoma bussar och Mobility as a Service (MaaS) och hur dessa utvecklas och implementeras i ett kollektivtrafik sammanhang. Smart mobilitet är ett begrepp som kommit att användas för att beskriva förändringar som pågår inom transportsektorn, såsom utveckling av autonoma fordon, elektrifiering, enökad användning av digitala plattformar, nya typer av delade tjänster, samt nya sätt att kombinera och integrera mobilitetstjänster t ex genom koncept som MaaS. Syftet med avhandlingen är att bidra med kunskap om styrningen av smart mobilitet, och mer specifikt hur styrning och planering av kollektivtrafik formas och omformas av dessa processer. Jag utforskar pilotprojekt för MaaS och små autonoma bussar i ett specifikt fall i Barkarbystaden, i Järfälla kommun i Stockholmsregionen. Barkarbystaden är ett område där storskalig infrastruktur- och stadsutveckling pågår, och i samband med denna bredare utveckling har ett samverkansprojekt vuxit fram mellan Järfälla kommun, Stockholms regionala kollektivtrafikmyndighet och bussoperatören Nobina som tillhandahåller busstrafik i området på uppdrag av regionen. Samarbetet mellan dessa aktörer tar avstamp i planeringen och utformningen av kollektivtrafik i detta område, och genomsyras av ambitioner att implementera nya typer av teknik och tjänster som kan knyta an till den vidare stadsutvecklingen. Som en del av samarbetet lanserades två pilotprojekt, ett för förarlösa bussar och ett för MaaS. I avhandlingen använder jag begreppet governance assemblage för att undersöka hur samarbetet formades. Jag använder också begreppet translation för att analysera hur autonoma bussar och MaaS har ramats in och utvecklats över tid. Jag undersöker specifikt vilka roller, ansvarsområden och länkar mellan organisationerna och smart mobilitet som formar och karakteriserar samarbetet, liksom hur relationer tar form kring MaaS och små autonoma bussar. Avhandlingen visar hur infrastruktur- och stadsutvecklingen i Barkarbystaden spelar en nyckelroll för hur samarbetet mellan aktörerna tog form och belyser hur befintliga roller och relationer inom kollektivtrafikplanering påverkar utvecklingen av smart mobilitet. Av studien framgår hur introduktionen av smart mobilitet påverkas av förhållandet mellan operatören och kollektivtrafikmyndigheten. Smart mobilitet tar form med en tydlig koppling till bussoperatörens befintliga roll och ansvarsområde vilket tyder på en ny betydelse för den privata operatörerens roll inom kollektivtrafik i förhållande till smart mobilitet. Implementeringen av MaaS och små autonoma bussar vissa hur dessa aspekter av smart mobilitet har åtskilliga konsekvenser och kopplingar till styrning och planering av kollektivtrafik. Medan piloten för små autonoma bussar knöt an till formella dokument, roller och processer för kollektivtrafikförsörjning, ledde MaaS-piloten till förändrade relationer mellan operatören och kollektrafikmyndigheten. Att om organisera befintliga roller och strukturer är endel av MaaS-konceptet. Denna studie illustrerar hur ett försök att realisera konceptet faller ut i praktiken, och att vad MaaS blir påverkas av hur olika aktörer förhåller sig till konceptet. Sammantaget belyser denna studie hur olika former av smart mobilitet har olika konsekvenser för planering och styrning av kollektivtrafik, samt att operatörens roll får en ny betydelse i mötet mellan smart mobilitet och kollektivtrafik. / <p>QC 210121</p> / Re-inventing Public Transport in a future of Smart Mobility: Roles, strategies, and collaboration / Energy efficiency of smart mobility requires instruments for shared mobility / New mobilities in the making - an exploration of collaborative arrangements that shape future urban public transport

As cidades inteligentes emergiram como uma alternativa no trato das dificuldades oriundas do crescimento populacional observado nas áreas urbanizadas. Entre as iniciativas propostas por essa nova abordagem nos espaços urbanos, destaca-se a mobilidade inteligente. Ela propõe o uso dos recursos tecnológicos a fim de aprimorar a experiência de deslocamento de pessoas e de cargas, objetivando melhorar a qualidade de vida dos cidadãos. Nesse contexto, ressalta-se a importância do compartilhamento de carros como uma das alternativas para reduzir os índices de congestionamento, a emissão de poluentes e a demanda por áreas de estacionamento; além disso, esse serviço promove a interação com outros modais de transporte e os hábitos mais saudáveis entre os indivíduos que os utilizam. Ao analisar os modelos de negócio das empresas que operam nesse mercado, notam-se diferentes modalidades: compartilhamento de carros (ida e volta), compartilhamento de carros (trecho único), compartilhamento de carros (P2P), compartilhamento de corridas e caronas, empresas de redes de transporte e serviços de táxi. Também é possível identificar estreita relação com o consumo colaborativo (também denominado economia compartilhada), fenômeno amplamente explorado a partir da década de 2000, que fomenta o uso ou acesso aos bens em detrimento da propriedade. Assim, os usuários de carros compartilhados podem utilizá-los sem a incidência das obrigações e dos custos fixos associados à posse desses bens. Ambos os paradigmas utilizam a Internet, as redes sociais, os sistemas de informação e os recursos tecnológicos para prover seus serviços e conectar os usuários, criando as chamadas plataformas multilaterais. Estas suportam a criação e a operação em espaços físicos ou virtuais, conectando diferentes grupos de usuários; assim, ao reduzir os custos e as dificuldades desses encontros, disponibiliza-se um ambiente favorável à realização das transações, ou seja, ao compartilhamento dos carros. Esta tese de doutorado aplicou a análise qualitativa comparativa (QCA), a técnica MSDO, a análise de conteúdo e a análise cruzada de casos aos modelos de negócio de 14 organizações que atuam no segmento de carros compartilhados com a finalidade de identificar e descrever como os componentes da mobilidade inteligente, do consumo colaborativo e das plataformas multilaterais foram incorporados nas operações dessas companhias por meio de estudos de caso múltiplos. Os resultados alcançados indicaram alguns fatores críticos do sucesso empresarial desses modelos de negócio, entre eles: a análise de dados massivos por intermédio de ferramentas de big data, a disponibilização de aplicativos para dispositivos móveis, a implementação dos recursos de segurança física e lógica para os usuários dos serviços de carros compartilhados, o estímulo à colaboração on-line e ao uso de redes sociais e a operação em um mercado regulamentado. Devido à causalidade assimétrica, também emergiram componentes associados ao insucesso, entre eles: a ausência do uso de ferramentas de big data para análise dos dados massivos dos usuários; a indisponibilidade de aplicativos para dispositivos móveis; os recursos ineficazes de segurança física e lógica; a adoção de estratégias inócuas ou ausentes para a resolução do problema de massa crítica nas plataformas multilaterais; a dificuldade na obtenção de recursos financeiros para realizar investimentos nos diferentes grupos de usuários e a operação em um mercado sem regulamentação. / Smart cities emerged as an alternative in dealing with the difficulties arising from population growth observed in urbanized areas. Among the initiatives proposed by this new approach in urban spaces, smart mobility stands out as an essential service for the operation of cities. It proposes the use of technological resources in order to improve the experience of moving people and cargo, aiming to improve the quality of life of citizens. In this context, the importance of car sharing is highlighted as one of the alternatives to reduce congestion rates, the emission of pollutants and the demand for parking areas; in addition, this service promotes interaction with other transport modes and healthier habits among the individuals who use it. When analyzing the business models of the companies that operate in this market, different modalities are observed: car sharing (round trip), car sharing (one way), car sharing (P2P), carpooling, transport network companies and taxi services. It is also possible to identify a close relationship with collaborative consumption (also called sharing economy), a phenomenon widely exploited since the last decade, which fosters the use or access to goods over property. Thus, users of shared cars can use them without the incidence of the obligations and the fixed costs associated with the possession of these goods. Both paradigms use the Internet, social networks, information systems and technological resources to provide their services and connect users, creating the so-called multisided platforms. These support operation in physical or virtual spaces, connecting different groups of users; thus, by reducing the costs and difficulties of these matches, a favorable environment is provided to carry out the transactions, that is, the car sharing. This PhD thesis applied the qualitative comparative analysis (QCA), the MSDO technique, content analysis and cross-case analysis to the business models of 14 organizations operating in the car sharing segment with the purpose of identifying and describing how the components of smart mobility, collaborative consumption and multisided platforms have been incorporated into the operations of these companies through multiple case studies. The results achieved indicated some critical success factors of these business models, among them: analyzing massive data through big data tools, making mobile applications available, implementing physical and logical security features for users of car sharing services, the stimulation of online collaboration and the use of social networks and the operation in a regulated market. Due to asymmetric causality, components associated with failure also emerged, among them: the absence of the use of big data tools to analyze the users\' massive data; the unavailability of mobile applications; inefficient physical and logical security features; the adoption of innocuous or absent strategies for solving the critical mass problem in multisided platforms; the difficulty in obtaining the financial resources to make investments in different groups of users and the operation in a market without regulation.