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Emergency Medical Dispatch Protocols are guidelines that a 9-1-1 dispatcher uses to evaluate the nature of emergency, resources to send and the nature of help provided to the 9-1-1 caller. The current Dispatch Protocols are based on voice only call. But the Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG9-1-1) architecture will allow multimedia emergency calls. In this thesis I analyze and model the Emergency Medical Dispatch Protocols for NG9-1-1 architecture. I have identified various technical aspects to improve the NG9-1-1 Dispatch Protocols. The devices (smartphone) at the caller end have advanced to a point where they can be used to send and receive video, pictures and text. There are sensors embedded in them that can be used for initial diagnosis of the injured person. There is a need to improve the human computer (smartphone) interface to take advantage of technology so that callers can easily make use of various features available to them. The dispatchers at the 9-1-1 call center can make use of these new protocols to improve the quality and the response time. They will have capability of multiple media streams to interact with the caller and the first responders.The specific contributions in this thesis include developing applications that use smartphone sensors. The CPR application uses the smartphone to help administer effective CPR even if the person is not trained. The application makes the CPR process closed loop, i.e., the person who administers the CPR as well as the 9-1-1 operator receive feedback and prompt from the application about the correctness of the CPR. The breathing application analyzes the quality of breathing of the affected person and automatically sends the information to the 9-1-1 operator. In order to improve the Human Computer Interface at the caller and the operator end, I have analyzed Fitts law and extended it so that it can be used to improve the instructions given to a caller. In emergency situations, the caller may be physically or cognitively impaired. This may happen either because the caller is the injured person, or because the caller is a close relative or friend of the injured person. Using EEG waves, I have analyzed and developed a mathematical model of a person's cognitive impairment. Finally, I have developed a mathematical model of the response time of a 9-1-1 call and analyzed the factors that can be improved to reduce the response time. In this regard, another application, I have developed, allows the 9-1-1 operator to remotely control the media features of a caller's smartphone. This is needed in case the caller is unable to operate the multimedia features of the smartphone. For example, the caller may not know how to zoom in the smartphone camera.All these building blocks come together in the development of an efficient NG9-1-1 Emergency Medical Dispatch protocols. I have provided a sample of these protocols, using the existing Emergency Dispatch Protocols used in the state of New Jersey. The new protocols will have fewer questions and more visual prompts to evaluate the nature of the emergency.

Submitted by Cristiane Chim (cristiane.chim@ucpel.edu.br) on 2018-07-18T14:19:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA PAULA PEREIRA NETO BARBOSA.pdf: 1325235 bytes, checksum: d6e7e6f33ef673c1cdf26939ea356983 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-18T14:19:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ANA PAULA PEREIRA NETO BARBOSA.pdf: 1325235 bytes, checksum: d6e7e6f33ef673c1cdf26939ea356983 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-30 / . / Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi adaptar e validar o Inventário de Adição a Smartphones para uso em adolescentes escolares no Brasil. Método: Um total de 211 adolescentes, estudantes do Ensino Médio, matriculados para o período letivo de 2016, em três escolas selecionadas do município de Pelotas, RS, Brasil, foram recrutados para completarem um questionário sóciodemográfico e o Inventário de Adição a Smartphones (SPAI-BRAd). Uma parcela menor dessa amostra foi submetida a uma breve avaliação clínico-psiquiátrica, para o diagnóstico de comportamento aditivo a smartphones. Para a validação do instrumento, foram seguidas as etapas de adaptação transcultural, tais como: avaliação da equivalência conceitual e de itens, análise semântica, equivalência operacional e equivalência de mensuração. Análise fatorial exploratória, teste de consistência interna, teste-reteste e análise de correlação entre a escala e a avaliação clínico-psiquiátrica foram utilizadas para verificação da validade e da confiabilidade da escala. Foram, ainda, avaliadas a acurácia, a sensibilidade e a especificidade do instrumento. Resultados: O Inventário de Adição a Smartphones (SPAI-BRAd) manteve equivalência conceitual, de itens e semântica com a versão original da escala, bem como equivalência operacional e de mensuração. A análise fatorial exploratória mostrou a existência de dois fatores com autovalores maiores que 1, explicando 60% da amostra de variância total. A consistência interna da escala foi obtida mediante a técnica do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach e o coeficiente mostrou-se excelente (alfa) α = 0,97. A validade convergente entre a SPAI-BRAd e a avaliação clínico-psiquiátrica (padrão-ouro), através do coeficiente de correlação de Spearman, mostrou uma correlação positiva com um escore total ρ (rô) de Spearman de 0,756. A Curva ROC mostrou uma área sob a curva de 0,838, demonstrando boa acurácia do instrumento. Conclusões: A SPAI-BRAd mostrou-se um instrumento válido e confiável para ser utilizado na avaliação de dependência a smartphones em adolescentes escolares no Brasil.

Bakgrund: Idag har smartphones har vuxit fram till att bli nyckelkomponenter inom utbildning och underhållning, samtidigt som det är ett bra verktyg för att kommunicera med vänner och på så sätt främja den psykiska hälsan. Smartphones har också utvecklats så de kan användas som medel för att främja den fysiska hälsan hos individer. Syfte : Syftet var att beskriva hur unga vuxna (18-25 år) upplever hälsofrämjande mobilapplikationer som medel för att främja hälsan. Metod : För att besvara studiens syfte valdes en kvalitativ forskningsdesign med intervjuer. Informanterna bestod av åtta studenter från en Högskola i sydvästra Sverige. Informanterna fick besvara ett tiotal frågor utifrån en frågeguide. Datan samlades in genom snöbollsteknik och det färdiga resultatet framställdes i kategorier med tillhörande underkategorier. Resultat : Resultatet presenterades utifrån följande kategorier: Ökad motivation till  hälsofrämjande aktiviteter , Ointresse för teknik och media och Bristande kunskap och behov med tillhörande underkategorier; Inre motivation samt Yttre motivation. Ointresse och För komplicerat , och slutliget Kunskapskälla och Bristande behov. Informanterna uppgav att det fanns ett ointresse för mobilapplikationer som medel för att främja hälsan, istället fick de motivation och kunskap från sin sociala omgivning samt internet. Implikation : Genom att applicera användarnas åsikter om att förenkla innehållet samtidigt som vidare forskning sker, kan också användandet av mobilapplikationer som hälsofrämjande medel, öka om applikationsutvecklarna lyckas möta användarnas behov.

Blood pressure is vital sign information that physicians often need as preliminary data for immediate intervention during emergency situations or for regular monitoring of people with cardiovascular diseases. Despite the availability of portable blood pressure meters in the market, they are not regularly carried by people, creating a need for an ultra-portable measurement platform or device that can be easily carried and used at all times. One such device is the smartphone which, according to comScore survey is used by 26.2% of the US adult population. the mass production of these phones with built-in sensors and high computation power has created numerous possibilities for application development in different domains including biomedical. Motivated by this capability and their extensive usage, this thesis focuses on developing a blood pressure measurement platform on smartphones. Specifically, I developed a blood pressure measurement system on a smart phone using the built-in camera and a customized external microphone. the system consists of first obtaining heart beats using the microphone and finger pulse with the camera, and finally calculating the blood pressure using the recorded data. I developed techniques for finding the best location for obtaining the data, making the system usable by all categories of people. the proposed system resulted in accuracies between 90-100%, when compared to traditional blood pressure meters. the second part of this thesis presents a new system for remote heart beat monitoring using the smart phone. with the proposed system, heart beats can be transferred live by patients and monitored by physicians remotely for diagnosis. the proposed blood pressure measurement and remote monitoring systems will be able to facilitate information acquisition and decision making by the 9-1-1 operators.

This study looks at the usability of mobile Twitter applications running on Android and Blackberry operating systems. Usability is important for mobile Twitter applications, as 55% of active Twitter users access the social network service through their mobile devices. This study gathers empirical data that determines which mobile Twitter application is superior in terms of usability. The mobile Twitter applications evaluated and compared in this study are the official Twitter applications for Android and Blackberry and the third-party Twitter application: TweetCaster for Android and Blackberry. Data is gathered using the System Usability Scale and notes regarding time spent on tasks and the accuracy of task completion are kept, in order to measure satisfaction, efficiency, and effectiveness respectively. The findings of this study show that there is need for further studies and highlights further areas for improvement on mobile Twitter applications.

Smartphones continue to grow increasingly ubiquitous for a variety of reasons. This study employed an online survey experiment in order to determine whether perceptions of environmental/locational privacy or individual levels of self-monitoring have any effect on smartphone uses and gratifications. While perceptions of locational privacy did indeed have a modest effect on smartphone gratifications sought, self-monitoring did not, and no interactions were detected between locational privacy and self-monitoring. Implications for these findings as well as avenues for future research are discussed.

The arrival of Smartphones has changed the way young people communicate with one another. These devices allow youngsters to have continuous access to their social world away from the prying eyes of adults. Unfortunately, increased access to online networking provides new means through which they can be bullied. Case study methodology employing mixed methods was adopted. The study consisted of two distinct phases and had two separate aims. During phase 1 of the study, a total of 352, Year 7 and Year 10 students were asked to complete a questionnaire, the aim of which was to investigate the prevalence and extent of cyberbullying amongst students. Quantitative analysis of the data revealed that students were reluctant to report their experiences of unpleasant cyber incidents to school staff. Phase 2 of this study investigated this finding further. A total of 18, Year 7 and Year 10 students participated in three separate focus group discussions, the purpose of which was to explore students' views on what actions need to be taken in schools to support the reporting of incidents of cyberbullying to staff. The results from the questionnaire data revealed that Smartphones are deeply embedded in young people's lives even among those from the most socially deprived areas of England. Over a quarter of the students indicated that they had experienced any one of ten different unpleasant cyber incidents. The findings also suggested that much of the cyberbullying occurred within the context of students' social relationships in real life. Data from the focus group discussions highlighted that students wanted access to a diverse range of reporting routes. Notably, students stressed the importance of raising the profile of anti-bullying initiatives within school. Once this was embedded, students perhaps would be more willing to assert their rights and report incidents of bullying. Implications of the findings are discussed in relation to extending the focus of e-safety education beyond both technological solutions and stranger danger. Highlighting the differences between relationships in the real and virtual worlds to students is discussed. There is also a focus on engaging students in debate around ethical questions such as, identifying their rights in relation to bullying and learning to manage their own interpersonal conflicts.

This study sought to identify any smartphone usage with significant positive or negative relationships with the religiosity of LDS young adults, with the hypothesis that smartphone usage would indeed have significant relationships with religiosity, both positively and negatively. Over 1,000 BYU students were surveyed for their usage of 36 popular and religious apps and of 33 different categories of content consumption, their content sharing, and compulsive use. That data was compared with their private religiosity (prayer, scripture study, and thinking seriously about religion) and religious experience (strength of beliefs, feeling the Spirit, finding strength through their faith, etc.) BYU students' smartphone usage is outlined, with Facebook dominating social media use and most students studying their scriptures on their phones. BYU students' religiosity is outlined, revealing a very believing and actively religious student body. Different forms of smartphone usage do have very significant associations with private religiosity, both positive and negative. Smartphone usage behaviors shown to have the greatest negative relationship with religiosity, are, in descending order: consuming "erotic/pornographic" content, "LGBT news or personalities" content consumption, consuming content about "Video gaming", using the Netflix app, and using the Snapchat app. Smartphone usage behaviors shown to have the greatest positive relationship with religiosity, are, in descending order: "LDS teachings and doctrine" content consumption, using the Bible Videos app, using the Gospel Library app, using the LDS Tools app, and using the Mormon Tabernacle Choir app.

Tese de mestrado integrado. Engenharia Informática e Computação. Faculdade de Engenharia. Universidade do Porto. 2012