Orientador: Elisabeth Bauch Zimmermann / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T16:53:58Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Leal_PatriciaGarcia_D.pdf: 13737430 bytes, checksum: 3431ea420a895b29f46666501a4980a2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: A presente pesquisa se configura a partir de processos criativos em dança, tendo os sentidos do olfato e do paladar como estímulos primeiros à criação. Propõe uma escolha específica no que se refere às técnicas corporais, utilizando a improvisação em sua possibilidade integradora entre preparação corporal, interpretação e criação. O resultado da pesquisa, além dos três espetáculos decorrentes dos processos criativos desenvolvidos, é a configuração de propostas metodológicas em dança contemporânea. Os primeiros perfumes destacados pela tese apresentam as referências de pesquisa em relação aos sentidos do olfato e do paladar, justificando o recorte escolhido. Referências interdisciplinares entre psicologia, história, literatura, cinema, neurociências, ciências cognitivas, entre outras, evidenciam como estes sentidos aparecem e são tratados nestas áreas do conhecimento focalizando, finalmente, sua utilização em metodologias artísticas na dança e no teatro. No que concerne aos processos criativos, o primeiro espetáculo desenvolvido, Amargo Perfume, utilizou como estímulo de criação o cheiro do café. O segundo, intitulado intenso, enfatizou os sabores do vinho tinto cabernet. E o último espetáculo desenvolvido, Variações sobre chocolates, utilizou não apenas os estímulos olfativos e gustativos, mas também as informações táteis de chocolates diversos. Os dois primeiros trabalhos foram configurados como solo e o último desenvolveu-se em grupo como necessidade de aplicação das metodologias da pesquisa. Degustando os sabores, as metodologias geradoras e decorrentes das criações, que vêm sendo pesquisadas desde 2001, são apresentadas em duas partes. A primeira relaciona diretamente os sentidos da percepção aos fatores do movimento de Laban em processos de improvisação. A segunda focaliza mais a criação a partir dos sentidos do olfato e do paladar, valorizando as contribuições e possibilidades destes sentidos, especificamente, para a criação coreográfica. As propostas podem ser integradas, promover interfaces e têm a improvisação como fundamento básico e agregador entre técnicas de preparo corporal, de composição e interpretação cênica. Uma última variação metodológica, nos moldes mais tradicionais de uma aula de dança, com estrutura de chão, centro e diagonal, é apresentada em anexo como contribuição aos mais diversos profissionais das artes corporais e cênicas. Na discussão final, tessitura aromática saborosa, a presente pesquisa reflete sobre as contribuições das criações e metodologias desenvolvidas para o cenário atual da dança contemporânea, contextualizando as questões do corpo e da dança a partir do referencial dos sentidos. / Abstract: The present research was developed from creative processes in dance, that had the senses of smell and taste as first stimuli for creation. Proposes a specific choice of corporal techniques, using improvisation as a possibility of integrating body's preparation, interpretation and creation. The results of the research are three choreographies and the configuration of methodological proposals in contemporary dance. The first perfumes emphasized by the thesis present the references of the study concerning the senses of smell and taste in different areas as psychology, history, literature, cognitive science and others. Finally, different artistic methodologies involving the senses are presented as a reference in theater and dance. In concern of the creative processes, the first choreography developed, Amargo Perfume, used the scent of coffee as a stimulus. The second, Intenso, emphasized the flavors of red cabernet wine. And the last choreography developed, Variações sobre chocolates, used not only the smelling and tasting stimuli, but also the touching information of chocolates. Amargo Perfume and Intenso were conceived as solos. Variações sobre chocolates was developed in group as a necessity of methodological application. Tasting the flavors, the methodologies that have been researched since 2001, are presented in two parts. The first one relates the perception's senses to Laban factors of movement in improvisation processes. The second one focuses on the creation from the senses of smell and taste, valorizing the contributions and possibilities of these specific senses to choreography composition. The proposals can be integrated and have in improvisation the basis that associate body's preparation, interpretation and composition techniques. One last methodological variation, in a floor work, centre and diagonal format, is presented in annex like a contribution to the most different professionals in body and scenic arts. As final discussion, tasting and scenting touch, the present study reflects about the methodological and creative contributions developed to the actual scenery of contemporary dance, discussing about the body and the dance from the senses' point of view. / Doutorado / Doutor em Artes

Orientador: Fabio Papes / Texto em português e inglês / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-25T08:04:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nakahara_ThiagoSeike_M.pdf: 27685441 bytes, checksum: c755af1be54c3ba9b204bed05559dd88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014 / Resumo: O Sistema Olfativo é um Sistema Sensorial complexo, composto por diversos subsistemas cuja integração no cérebro resulta na interação entre os animais e seus respectivos ambientes de maneira adequada. Essa adequação pode significar respostas comportamentais e fisiológicas distintas para situações diversas a que esses animais tenham sido expostos. Esse Sistema exibe compartimentos especializados na detecção de estímulos de uma mesma natureza e nesse contexto, o Sistema Olfativo Principal é responsável pela detecção de odorantes voláteis em geral e o Sistema Olfativo Acessório é responsável pela detecção de feromônios. Apesar dessa divisão formal, estudos recentes questionam essa divisão e propõem sobreposição entre a função desses subsistemas. Nesse estudo investigamos a expressão de receptores OR sendo expressos no Órgão Vomerosasal em níveis comparáveis aos receptores V2R ("endógenos"). Desses receptores, isolamos o receptor Olfr692 que possui o nível de expressão mais alto entre os OR estudados ou relatados anteriormente na literatura. As células que expressam o receptor Olfr692 foram caracterizadas molecularmente e foram feitos estudos preliminares a fim de investigar a função do receptor Olfr692 frente a possíveis funções biológicas que fossem capazes de explicar a expressão robusta de um receptor de classe OR no Órgão Vomeronasal / Abstract: The Olfactory System is a complex Sensorial System, comprised of some subsystems whose integration in the brain results in the appropriated interaction between animals and their environment, that is, proper behavioral or physiological answers to diverse situations to which these animals are exposed. This System exhibits specialized features for detection of a given kind of stimuli. The Main Olfactory System detects volatile odorants in general while the Accessory Olfactory System detects pheromones. Apart from this formal distinction, recent studies have questioned this division and propose some overlap between them. In the present study, we have investigated the expression of OR receptors in the Vomeronasal Organ whose expression level is compared to V2R Receptors (endogenous). We have isolated from these genes the Olfr692, which has the higher levels among the VNO-OR here studied and those discussed in the literature. These cells have been molecularly characterized and preliminary functional studies were also performed, searching for the possible biological functions of this Receptor, which could explain its expression in the Vomeronasal Organ / Mestrado / Genetica Animal e Evolução / Mestre em Genética e Biologia Molecular

Orientador: Fabio Papes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T21:10:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cardozo_LeonardoMinete_M.pdf: 30220846 bytes, checksum: 6793ed2dd7e959cbc81a5c912cd1c987 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Uma propriedade fundamental do sistema nervoso em todas as espécies animais e a transformação dos estímulos sensoriais em atividade neural, levando a mudanças comportamentais e endócrinas. Dentre os sistemas sensoriais, o Sistema Olfatório destaca-se por sua complexidade molecular, capacidade de detecção de odores e modulação de comportamentos inatos. Entretanto, ainda muito pouco e conhecido sobre como este Sistema detecta, processa e interpreta as informações químicas que recebe do meio externo... Observação: O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital / Abstract: A fundamental property of the nervous system in all animal species is the transformation of sensory stimulation into neural activity, leading to endocrine and behavioral changes. Among the sensory systems, the olfactory system stands out due to its molecular complexity, detection capacity and the modulation of innate behaviors. However, little is known about how this system detects, processes and interprets chemosignals from the environment... Note: The complete abstract is available with the full electronic document / Mestrado / Genetica Animal e Evolução / Mestre em Genética e Biologia Molecular

\ / Doctorat en Sciences / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

Ce projet de recherche est focalisé sur le lien entre la structure des molécules odorantes et leurs interactions avec les récepteurs olfactifs exprimés dans les neurones olfactifs. Cette recherche fondamentale est d'une importance primordiale pour la construction d'un «nez virtuel », physiologiquement inspiré, qui reproduit la fonction des 400 types de récepteurs olfactifs impliqués dans la détection des odeurs. Ici, chaque récepteur olfactif est représenté par un système moléculaire qui est reproduit atome par atome dans un modèle informatique. Un protocole optimal a été conçu pour prédire les structures de ces récepteurs grâce à l’analyse bioinformatiques de leurs séquences sous contraintes de données expérimentales. Ensuite, les bases de la relation entre la séquence d’un récepteur et son mécanisme d’activation en fonction de la structure d’une molécule odorante liée à sa cavité ont été établies. Par ailleurs, l’analyse des structures de molécules d’une même famille olfactive peut conduire à l’identification des récepteurs impliqués dans leur perception. L’ensemble de ces résultats constitue les bases pour l’étude des relations structure-odeur à l’ère post-génomique. / This research project is focused on the link between chemical structures of odorant molecules and their interactions with odorant receptors expressed in olfactory neurons. This basic research is of primary importance for building a physiologically-inspired “computational nose” that reproduces the function of the 400 types of odorant receptors involved in the perception of smells. Here, each odorant receptor is represented as a molecular system, reproduced atom per atom in a computational model. An optimal protocol has been built to predict the structure of these receptors using bioinformatics analyses of their sequences under the constraints of experimental data. Then, the relationship between the sequence and the activation mechanism of a receptor as a function of the structure of a molecule bound to its cavity has been established. Furthermore, the structural analysis of molecules belonging to the same olfactory family was shown to lead to the prediction of some receptors involved in their perception. These results constitute a basis for structure-odor relationships studies in the postgenomic era.

Le concept d'Umwelt de Jakob von Uexküll considère les animaux comme des sujets qui habitent leur propre univers subjectif qui est déterminé par la perception sensorielle de l'animal et ses capacités cognitives. Le dauphin apparait être une espèce intéressante pour étudier l'Umwelt, car les cétacés ont subi un changement radical de mode de vie au cours de l'évolution. Ces mammifères sont passés d'une vie terrestre à une vie aquatique. Bien que les grands dauphins soient intensivement étudiés, des recherches sur leur perception sensorielle sont encore nécessaires. Ici, nous avons étudié certains aspects de l'Umwelt des dauphins en nous interrogeant sur: (1) l'organisation de leur Umwelt acoustique nocturne ; (2) ce que la production de copies vocales par les dauphins peut nous dire sur leur perception de leur environnement ; (3) s'ils sont capables de percevoir des goûts (4) ou des odeurs ; (5) s'ils sont sensibles aux stimuli magnétiques. Nous avons constaté que l'Umwelt nocturne des dauphins a été caractérisé par une activité vocale avec des patterns temporels qui comprenaient également des copies vocales des sons que les dauphins avaient entendus au cours de la journée. Il s'agit d'une nette séparation entre la formation de la mémoire auditive et la production de copies vocales. Les copies pourraient être des répétitions nocturnes vocalement exprimées des événements de la journée. Ainsi, les vocalisations peuvent servir d'indicateurs d'événements ou d'objets qui ont un sens pour les dauphins. En ce qui concerne les capacités perceptives des dauphins, nous avons constaté qu'ils étaient sensibles aux stimuli liés à l'alimentation à la fois sur les plans gustatif et olfactif. Ils peuvent utiliser cette capacité pour localiser et / ou évaluer la nature de leur proie. En outre, les dauphins ont répondu à un stimulus magnétique, ce qui suggère qu'ils sont magnétosensibles, cela pourrait être utile pour la navigation. Jusqu'à présent, la chimio- et la magnétoréception n'ont pas été considérées sérieusement comme potentiellement fonctionnelles chez les dauphins. Les résultats obtenus au cours de cette thèse ont permis de combler certaines des lacunes qui subsistaient dans la connaissance de l'Umwelt du dauphin et contribuent ainsi à une meilleure compréhension de cette espèce. En outre, ils montrent que des aspects importants de la biologie d'espèces pourtant intensivement étudiées peuvent être encore méconnus. Cela nous rappelle l'importance de garder une grande ouverture d'esprit lorsque l'on étudie un sujet. / The Umwelt concept of Jakob von Uexküll considers animals as subjects that inhabit their own subjective universe which is determined by the animal’s sensory perception and cognitive abilities. Dolphins present an interesting species to investigate its Umwelt because cetaceans underwent a drastic change in lifestyle in the course of evolution because these mammals returned from a terrestrial life back into the water. Although bottlenose dolphins are intensively studied there are still many knowledge gaps. Here we studied some aspects of the dolphins’ Umwelt by asking: (1) how their nocturnal acoustic Umwelt is arranged; (2) what the production of vocal copies can tell us about the dolphins’ perception of their environment; (3) whether they are able to perceive tastes (4) or odours; (5) whether they are sensitive to magnetic stimuli. We found that the dolphins’ nocturnal Umwelt was characterized by a temporally patterned vocal activity that also included vocal copies of sounds that the dolphins had heard during the day. This is a striking separation between auditory memory formation and vocal copy production and the copies might be a vocally expressed nocturnal rehearsal of day events. Thus, vocalizations can serve as possible indicators of events or objects that are meaningful to the dolphins. Regarding dolphins’ perceptive abilities, we found that they were sensitive to both gustatory and olfactory food-related stimuli. They might use this ability to locate and/or evaluate prey. Further, dolphins responded to a magnetic stimulus, suggesting that they are magnetosensitive, what could be useful for navigation. So far, chemo- and magnetoreception have not been considered seriously as potentially functional in dolphins. The results obtained during this thesis fill some of the gaps that still exist in the knowledge of the dolphin’s Umwelt and therefore contribute to a better understanding of this species. Moreover, they illustrate that even already intensively studied species may still hold important facets of their biology to reveal and that research should broaden the view and remain unbiased when studying a topic.

This thesis is focused on the use of olfactory tests in neuropsychological diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease and on the cognitive correlates of these tests. The literature review briefly summarizes current knowledge of the diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease and its dynamically developing criteria. Attention is also paid to the olfactory impairment that occurs during the course of this disease, as well as to specific psychophysical olfactory tests. The research part summarizes the results of research within the grant GACR 17-05292S, 01. 01. 2017 - 31. 12. 2019 - New blood biomarkers for early diagnosis, prognosis and course of Alzheimer's disease held at the Psychiatric Clinic of the First Faculty of Medicine and General Teaching Hospital. The exploratory analysis examines possible cognitive correlates of the olfactory Sniffin' Sticks test. Practical experience with olfactory test is evaluated in the discussion. Keywords Alzheimer's disease, olfactory deficit, smell tests, Sniffin'-Sticks, neuropsychological diagnostics

Software development can be a difficult and time consuming task. In addition, producing good code is even more difficult. Poor design and implementation choices in software code can result in an end product that is both difficult to understand and difficult to maintain. A collective name for implementation and design choices that is considered to have a negative impact or indicate something negative in software code is Code smells. In this study, we identify 34 unique code smells through a systematic literature study. The results are then ranked and validated with interviews with people who work or have worked with Javascript in a professional environment at some point during the past five years. The end result is a ranked list of 32 code smells that are applicable to Javascript. The result shows that the five highest ranked code smells are Variable name conflict in closures, Depth, Argument Type Mismatch, Duplicated code and Excessive global Variables.

No description available.

[pt] Problemas de projeto afetam quase todo sistema de software, fazendo com que a sua manutenção seja cara e impeditiva. Como documentos de projeto raramente estão disponíveis, desenvolvedores frequentemente precisam identificar problemas de projeto a partir do código fonte. Entretanto, a identificação de problemas de projeto não é uma tarefa trivial por diversas razões. Por exemplo, a materialização de problemas de projeto tende a ser espalhada por diversos elementos de código anômalos na implementação. Infelizmente, trabalhos prévios assumiram erroneamente que cada anomalia de código individual – popularmente conhecida como code smell – pode ser usada como um indicador preciso de problema de projeto. Porém, evidências empíricas recentes mostram que diversos tipos de problemas de projeto são frequentemente relacionados a um conjunto de anomalias de código inter-relacionadas, conhecidas como aglomerações de anomalias de código. Neste contexto, esta dissertação propõe uma nova técnica para a síntese de aglomerações de anomalias de código. A técnica tem como objetivo: (i) buscar formas variadas de aglomeração em um programa, e (ii) sumarizar diferentes tipos de informação sobre cada aglomeração. A avaliação da técnica de síntese baseou-se na análise de diversos projetos de software da indústria e em um experimento controlado com desenvolvedores profissionais. Ambos estudos sugerem que o uso da técnica de síntese ajudou desenvolvedores a identificar problemas de projeto mais relevantes do que o uso de técnicas convencionais. / [en] Design problems affect almost all software projects and make their maintenance expensive and impeditive. As design documents are rarely available, programmers often need to identify design problems from the source code. However, the identification of design problems is not a trivial task for several reasons. For instance, the reification of a design problem tends to be scattered through several anomalous code elements in the implementation. Unfortunately, previous work has wrongly assumed that each single code anomaly - popularly known as code smell - can be used as an accurate indicator of a design problem. There is growing empirical evidence showing that several types of design problems are often related to a set of inter-related code anomalies, the so-called code-anomaly agglomerations, rather than individual anomalies only. In this context, this dissertation proposes a new technique for the synthesis of code-anomaly agglomerations. The technique is intended to: (i) search for varied forms of agglomeration in a program, and (ii) summarize different types of information about each agglomeration. The evaluation of the synthesis technique was based on the analysis of several industry-strength software projects and a controlled experiment with professional programmers. Both studies suggest the use of the synthesis technique helped programmers to identify more relevant design problems than the use of conventional techniques.