Submitted by Suelen Reis (suziy.ellen@gmail.com) on 2013-04-17T18:49:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Francisco.pdf: 2722804 bytes, checksum: f27434418e6e520f29cb0d06fd03534e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Meirelles(rodrigomei@ufba.br) on 2013-05-24T11:41:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Francisco.pdf: 2722804 bytes, checksum: f27434418e6e520f29cb0d06fd03534e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-24T11:41:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao Francisco.pdf: 2722804 bytes, checksum: f27434418e6e520f29cb0d06fd03534e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Em finais da década de 1920, uma reviravolta no campo de produção de conhecimentos históricos na França contribuiu para que outras fontes, problemas e temas de pesquisa emergissem. Neste sentido, o texto literário alcunhado como “romance histórico” passou a ser uma fonte de pesquisa a mais à disposição dos historiadores, pelo fato de estar presente neste tipo de narrativa, a leitura ou leituras dos literatos sobre dada conjuntura histórica. Levando-se em consideração as questões postas, o trabalho ora apresentado visa a contribuir para essa discussão, que tem merecido a atenção de pesquisadores de diversos lugares e continentes, qual seja, fazer história social com literatura, buscando-se neste tipo de fonte, vestígios, pistas, enfim, outras possibilidades de registros que possam ter passado ao largo da percepção dos historiadores, que, durante muito tempo, depositaram credibilidade nos chamados “documentos oficiais”, considerando-os, única via capaz de grafar a história de um povo, não conseguindo e nem visando a dizer sobre as culturas diferentes existentes nas sociedades diversas, sobre as questões identitárias, as relações de gênero, assim como sobre outras falas. Ao longo deste trabalho, tomaremos como referência para discutir aspectos culturais da história dos costumes de Salvador, as obras Suor (1934) e Capitães da Areia (1937) do escritor baiano Jorge Amado, nas quais à medida que vai tecendo enredos sobre o modus vivendi na e da cidade, acaba por apresentar ao leitor/pesquisador possíveis leituras sobre a história do lugar, captadas, inclusive, nos relacionamentos que o autor travava no seu viver citadino. Assim, a condição social das lavadeiras ditas por Amado não destoam dos registros encontrados ao longo da pesquisa nos Jornais Diário de Notícias e A Tarde entre os anos de 1930 e 1939 e, são estes registros que estaremos apresentando e discutindo a seguir. / Salvador

Os registros medievais acerca das mulheres comumente reforçam uma idéia negativa do gênero feminino, delimitando seu espaço de ação ao privado e indicando o casamento como sua função primordial. Acreditamos, porém, que sem um cotejamento com os instrumentos de ação formais disponibilizados pelas mulheres, a aceitação tácita dos postulados oriundos da ética cristã para o conhecimento da condição social feminina leva-nos a uma compreensão não mais que parcial dos papéis desempenhados no conjunto social. Desta feita, para conhecermos a condição social das mulheres de 16 vilas e cidades da região da Estremadura portuguesa, no século XV, recorremos a documentos oficiais para descobrir os direitos postos a sua disposição pela legislação portuguesa. A análise da documentação leva-nos a inferir que a mulher, detentora de uma identidade jurídica identificada na legislação do reino, encontrava nos dispositivos legais enunciados pelo poder real os meios necessários para garantir a manutenção de seu direito à propriedade, bem como a certa liberdade para dispor de seus bens. / The medieval records about women usually strengthen the negative concept of the gender, restraining then to the domestic space and indicating the marriage as their main function. We believe, however, that the tacit acceptance of the postulates from the Christian ethic for the comprehension of women\'s social condition without analyzing the instruments they had would lead us to an understanding no more than partial of the rolls they played. Therefore, in our research we seek women in the XV century in 16 villages and towns from the Portuguese Estremadura, to find women in the public spaces we turned to official manuscript documents from Portuguese archives, to find their rights, to the royal legislation. The analysis of the documentation indicates that the women with a juridical identity could find in the legal devices the means to assure the maintenance of their right to properties as well as a certain freedom to administrate their possessions.

Vivemos, como nunca antes havíamos experimentado, um período de transformações que levaram à configuração contemporânea do convívio entre homens e mulheres no espaço público. Mas isso não significa a eliminação de diferenças nas inserções e nas formas de inserções no mundo público, para os homens e para as mulheres, e sim uma transformação das relações entre todos, tanto no mundo público quanto no mundo privado. Em um panorama social, político e econômico contemporâneo, de descartabilidade do homem, de esvaziamento do espaço público, da criação e manipulação de imagens, foco das reflexões de Hannah Arendt (2000, 1981,1987) em sua crítica à democracia representativa, inscreve-se também a violência simbólica preconizada por Pierre Bourdieu (2003). Nestas reflexões sobre o ser humano e o mundo contemporâneo, coloca-se a questão de como se inserem as incontáveis experiências de mulheres comuns, seu pensamento, práticas e escolhas. As mulheres, sujeitos desta pesquisa, são flagradas em uma particular circunstância: estão expostas a vicissitudes quanto às exigências de sua história pessoal e a um interstício, situado entre influências historicamente mais conservadoras e mais progressistas. Portanto, na intersecção entre: as construções historicamente produzidas que pautam uma conduta feminina, transformações mais contemporâneas que afetam estas condições e, especialmente, as maneiras com que cada mulher investe-se de sua história pessoal, a proposição deste estudo é pensarmos as possibilidades de subversão de uma feminilidade hegemônica e, as potencialidades de se transformar em um sujeito político. Nos discursos trazidos é possível entrever maneiras com que cada mulher vai construindo um percurso e negociando, escolhendo e moldando dentre as enunciações sócio-culturais, uma marca pessoal, ou uma singularidade para o enfrentamento de questões cotidianas e de vida, encaminhamentos objetivos e subjetivos que se constituem potencialidades de transformação na lógica de poder que destroça os seres humanos quando não se tolera as distinções, singularidades e diferenças e quando o agir é substituído por um mero comportar. A compreensão destas alternativas potencialmente capazes de subverter condicionantes que submetem seres humanos a outros seres humanos, é alicerçada no pensamento de Hannah Arendt, sobre liberdade, pluralidade, natalidade, pensamento, milagre e ação. / We are experiencing a period of transformation, never experienced before, which is leading us to the contemporary way men and women relate in the public sphere. This does not mean that the differences in the insertions and in the form of insertions have been eliminated to men and women in the public world. It means however, that relationships among them are changing, both in the public and in the private world. In a social, political and economical contemporary scene, the disposability of men, the emptiness of the public space, the creation and manipulation of images, are the focus of Hannah Arendt’s reflections (2000, 1991, 1981) in her critique of the representative democracy. The symbolic violence of Pierre Bourdieu (2003) is also included. Following these reflections of the human being and the contemporary world, there is a question of how the numerous experiences of the common women, their thoughts, practices and choices are embedded. The women participating in this research are in a special circumstance: they are exposed to vicissitudes regarding their own personal stories, and positioned in the interstice of both conservative and progressive historical influences. Hence, in the intersections between the historical constructions underlying the feminine conduct, contemporary transformations affecting these conditions, and specially, the way that each woman embraces her personal story, this study examines the possibilities of subverting a homogeneous femininity, and the potentialities of becoming a political being. In their interviews one can see the ways in which each woman builds her own personal route and negotiates, socio-cultural propositions, choosing and modeling her own singularity to confront everyday life questions. These objective and subjective endeavors would potentially transform the logic of power which destroys human beings whenever differences and singularities are not tolerated, as well as when acting is replaced by a common behavior. The understanding of these alternatives which can potentially subvert the conditionals that human beings submit to other human beings, is based on Hannah Arendt ideas of freedom, plurality, birth, thinking, miracle and action.

Vivemos, como nunca antes havíamos experimentado, um período de transformações que levaram à configuração contemporânea do convívio entre homens e mulheres no espaço público. Mas isso não significa a eliminação de diferenças nas inserções e nas formas de inserções no mundo público, para os homens e para as mulheres, e sim uma transformação das relações entre todos, tanto no mundo público quanto no mundo privado. Em um panorama social, político e econômico contemporâneo, de descartabilidade do homem, de esvaziamento do espaço público, da criação e manipulação de imagens, foco das reflexões de Hannah Arendt (2000, 1981,1987) em sua crítica à democracia representativa, inscreve-se também a violência simbólica preconizada por Pierre Bourdieu (2003). Nestas reflexões sobre o ser humano e o mundo contemporâneo, coloca-se a questão de como se inserem as incontáveis experiências de mulheres comuns, seu pensamento, práticas e escolhas. As mulheres, sujeitos desta pesquisa, são flagradas em uma particular circunstância: estão expostas a vicissitudes quanto às exigências de sua história pessoal e a um interstício, situado entre influências historicamente mais conservadoras e mais progressistas. Portanto, na intersecção entre: as construções historicamente produzidas que pautam uma conduta feminina, transformações mais contemporâneas que afetam estas condições e, especialmente, as maneiras com que cada mulher investe-se de sua história pessoal, a proposição deste estudo é pensarmos as possibilidades de subversão de uma feminilidade hegemônica e, as potencialidades de se transformar em um sujeito político. Nos discursos trazidos é possível entrever maneiras com que cada mulher vai construindo um percurso e negociando, escolhendo e moldando dentre as enunciações sócio-culturais, uma marca pessoal, ou uma singularidade para o enfrentamento de questões cotidianas e de vida, encaminhamentos objetivos e subjetivos que se constituem potencialidades de transformação na lógica de poder que destroça os seres humanos quando não se tolera as distinções, singularidades e diferenças e quando o agir é substituído por um mero comportar. A compreensão destas alternativas potencialmente capazes de subverter condicionantes que submetem seres humanos a outros seres humanos, é alicerçada no pensamento de Hannah Arendt, sobre liberdade, pluralidade, natalidade, pensamento, milagre e ação. / We are experiencing a period of transformation, never experienced before, which is leading us to the contemporary way men and women relate in the public sphere. This does not mean that the differences in the insertions and in the form of insertions have been eliminated to men and women in the public world. It means however, that relationships among them are changing, both in the public and in the private world. In a social, political and economical contemporary scene, the disposability of men, the emptiness of the public space, the creation and manipulation of images, are the focus of Hannah Arendt’s reflections (2000, 1991, 1981) in her critique of the representative democracy. The symbolic violence of Pierre Bourdieu (2003) is also included. Following these reflections of the human being and the contemporary world, there is a question of how the numerous experiences of the common women, their thoughts, practices and choices are embedded. The women participating in this research are in a special circumstance: they are exposed to vicissitudes regarding their own personal stories, and positioned in the interstice of both conservative and progressive historical influences. Hence, in the intersections between the historical constructions underlying the feminine conduct, contemporary transformations affecting these conditions, and specially, the way that each woman embraces her personal story, this study examines the possibilities of subverting a homogeneous femininity, and the potentialities of becoming a political being. In their interviews one can see the ways in which each woman builds her own personal route and negotiates, socio-cultural propositions, choosing and modeling her own singularity to confront everyday life questions. These objective and subjective endeavors would potentially transform the logic of power which destroys human beings whenever differences and singularities are not tolerated, as well as when acting is replaced by a common behavior. The understanding of these alternatives which can potentially subvert the conditionals that human beings submit to other human beings, is based on Hannah Arendt ideas of freedom, plurality, birth, thinking, miracle and action.

Os registros medievais acerca das mulheres comumente reforçam uma idéia negativa do gênero feminino, delimitando seu espaço de ação ao privado e indicando o casamento como sua função primordial. Acreditamos, porém, que sem um cotejamento com os instrumentos de ação formais disponibilizados pelas mulheres, a aceitação tácita dos postulados oriundos da ética cristã para o conhecimento da condição social feminina leva-nos a uma compreensão não mais que parcial dos papéis desempenhados no conjunto social. Desta feita, para conhecermos a condição social das mulheres de 16 vilas e cidades da região da Estremadura portuguesa, no século XV, recorremos a documentos oficiais para descobrir os direitos postos a sua disposição pela legislação portuguesa. A análise da documentação leva-nos a inferir que a mulher, detentora de uma identidade jurídica identificada na legislação do reino, encontrava nos dispositivos legais enunciados pelo poder real os meios necessários para garantir a manutenção de seu direito à propriedade, bem como a certa liberdade para dispor de seus bens. / The medieval records about women usually strengthen the negative concept of the gender, restraining then to the domestic space and indicating the marriage as their main function. We believe, however, that the tacit acceptance of the postulates from the Christian ethic for the comprehension of women\'s social condition without analyzing the instruments they had would lead us to an understanding no more than partial of the rolls they played. Therefore, in our research we seek women in the XV century in 16 villages and towns from the Portuguese Estremadura, to find women in the public spaces we turned to official manuscript documents from Portuguese archives, to find their rights, to the royal legislation. The analysis of the documentation indicates that the women with a juridical identity could find in the legal devices the means to assure the maintenance of their right to properties as well as a certain freedom to administrate their possessions.

This thesis consists of three chapters. In the first chapter, I examine the effect of electoral outcomes on the tendency to overreport turnout among nonvoters, drawing on data from the Cooperative Election Study (CES) for presidential election years spanning from 2008 to 2020. Using standard regression analysis and propensity score matching, I examine whether nonvoters, especially those residing in swing states, are more likely to claim to have voted without corresponding records when the party they support loses the election. The results indeed indicate a higher likelihood of overreporting among nonvoters in swing states, especially when the party they support loses the election. In the second chapter, Maria Abascal, Delia Baldassarri and I explore how individuals generalize from a trustworthy versus untrustworthy interaction with strangers onto subsequent interactions. Specifically, we investigate if the generalization pattern varies depending on whether the partners in the interactions are coethnic or non-coethnic. We field a repeated trust game with White adults based in the US in which respondents are randomly assigned to experimental conditions that vary by (i) the race/ethnicity of the partners in the two rounds, (ii) the trustworthiness of the first-round interaction, and (iii) whether the partner in the second round is assigned by the experimenter or chosen by the participant. We find that the nature of the interaction does indeed affect subsequent behavior when it involves an outgroup member. Specifically, White respondents who have a negative experience with Latino partners in the first round are less likely to choose to play with another Latino player in the subsequent round. In contrast, the nature of interactions among White respondents paired with other White partners does not predict their behavior in the second round. Moreover, the nature of first-round interactions does not affect contribution amounts in subsequent rounds when partners are assigned by the experimenter. In the third chapter, I examine how concerns for the reputation of the group one belongs to influences prosocial behavior. Specifically, I explore whether members of minority groups exhibit greater sensitivity to the potential impact of their actions on group reputation when interacting with individuals from an outgroup, than would members of majority groups. I field a give-or-take dictator’s game with White and Asian adults based in the US and find that among a subgroup of respondents who are less experienced in online surveys and not suspicious of the existence of real partners (versus bots), minority (Asian) respondents are indeed more generous when assigned to the reputation condition than to the anonymity condition. However, a similar difference in behavior is not observed among majority (White) respondents. In other words, the results suggest that members of the minority are more conscientious of the reputational impact than are majority group members when interacting with a member of an outgroup.

Domestic violence is one of the most important issues about the public affairs. The incidents of domestic violence not only cause damage to the individual¡¦s mind, but depress the country¡¦s competition ability. The negative side effects also were hard to evaluate. Even the main spirit of the prevention of the domestic violence reveals as ¡§protection the right of victims and prevention of the behavior of domestic violence¡¨. This slogan gives its positive age meaning and attached with infinite wish of public. By the inspection and reflection of the increasing cases with days, it would corrode the individuals and the public eventually, then cause the malignant effects on the Social development of basic stock and flow conditions. Though the government endeavors to issue many protection and prevention system, the results were still not satisfied by the reason of the southern social conditions and the uneven levels population structure. The outcome is the breaks and leakages of policy connection. Based on the variety between the professional fields and the pertinent departments, the author try to integrate and observe the complex phenomena with various aspects. There are the reason-results relationships of multiple elements to each other. This study describes the PAM and SDM theoretical structure frame and conclude positively with the V.C.S methodology.,As a methodology the conclusions of the output, with an extension of a more positive point of view. The study explore with qualitative interview as major method. Then conclude the integrated results from the practical interviews with the networks practitioners. The prevention and protection of domestics violence is an extremely huge reconstruction engineer to the social. The achievement of value of justice is the critical catalyst to ignite the progress of the order of works. Pluralistic society in the face of the complex of environmental factors¡ACut from the PAM to do analysis of the problem can be drawn from a more complete picture. Sexual cognitive and sex equity are crucial value and the prevention and protection of domestic violence is also the most vital public value of the government. The immature of practitioners¡¦ concepts is the tremendous challenge. It also has the influence on the establishment of professional knowledge. IV The prevention and protection of domestics violence is an system problem among the social structure. The key is the basement of social condition during the development of Kaohsiung City's social conditions. Though the system of the professional prevention and protection is complete, the subjective cognitive of the party is most restricted with the traditional concepts. It contributes negative driving force. The construction of the order is to achieve the justice of the case. The inter-government prevention and protection system is absolutely important to the prevention of violence. But its pertinent policies, resources and strategies involved is deficient. The networks have no strength like the action of law and the inspection order across the vertical and horizontal. The authority should plan the integrated executing of the policies, the distribution of resources, personals, inspection managements, the evaluation and communication. The media inspection only focuses on the blockbuster report. The justice of disadvantaged majority of the society is damaged and need the support of the construct from the inspection system participated by the democracy society in the civic participation.

Includes Organisational Culture Inventory (OCI) and 6 item subscales adapted from the OCI as appendices. Bibliography: leaves 240-255. Investigates the culture of isolated Australian Antarctic stations using qualitative and quantitative research methods. The research also investigated the assessment of person-culture fit within the context of Antarctic station life and culture. Five studies were undertaken on returned Australian Antarctic expeditioners and the results reflect a historical overview of Antarctic station culture from 1950 to 1999.

Includes Organisational Culture Inventory (OCI) and 6 item subscales adapted from the OCI as appendices. / Bibliography: leaves 240-255. / xv, 255 leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Investigates the culture of isolated Australian Antarctic stations using qualitative and quantitative research methods. The research also investigated the assessment of person-culture fit within the context of Antarctic station life and culture. Five studies were undertaken on returned Australian Antarctic expeditioners and the results reflect a historical overview of Antarctic station culture from 1950 to 1999. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Psychology, 2002

The main question of this study was: How and in what way can a multimodal semiotic visual analysis model be developed and used for contributing to the analysis and understanding of the manner in which the Men’s Health (South Africa) magazine – as a case study – represents and constructs masculinities in South Africa? The following three subsidiary research questions were formulated to address this topic: • What is the literature revealing with reference to the media as producers of meaning in relation to masculinity and visual texts? • How and in which way can a semiotic visual analysis multimodal model be developed with the purpose of contributing to the analysis of visual texts? • What is the outcome of the visual analysis multimodal model with reference to the case study about the representation and construction of masculinities in visual texts in MH? The first aim of this research was to establish an overview of masculinities and to explore the visual representation of masculinity with reference to mediation, reality, and ideology in the media. With reference to the media as producers of meaning in relation to masculinity and visual texts, a semiotic visual analysis and social semiotics were used to unpack culture as a site of the production of meanings. The media is one of the main sources from which men receive their entertainment and information about the world. In this sense, the media makes sense of the world. Mass media plays a key role in discourse and constructing the relationships between reality and ideology. During this construction, the media reflects on existing opinions and attitudes in society. A quantitative content analysis and a qualitative semiotic multimodal visual analysis were conducted on 27 visual texts purposively selected from MH to include editions from July 2010 to June 2011. This population covered 12 front covers, 12 editorials and three flip covers. The developed visual multimodal model was tested qualitatively on nine visual texts since these texts included the front covers, flip covers and editorials of the three editions with flip covers. v A second major aim of the study was to establish the way in which a semiotic visual analysis multimodal model needed to be developed and used for analysing visual texts, as well as for analysing the visual texts according to the multimodal model in order to understand how the multimodality and social semiotic resources were applied in MH to represent and construct masculinities. The rationale for the development and design of this model was based on the premise that a basic understanding of semiotics and visual language was needed. Without such an understanding, the vast amounts of visual messages that confront the reader would remain incomprehensible. Consequently, a productive dialogue in relation to visual communication cannot take place. The multimodal model developed in this thesis highlights visual text layout, in conjunction with language-in-use, that does not occur in isolation and that is deeply reliant on other forms of making meaning. The heptagon multimodal model consists of concept maps of the six functions of the designed hexagon model. This multimodality approach includes analysing simultaneously occurring semiotics and their various roles in conjunction with detailed, all-inclusive discourses. In the quantitative content analysis and the qualitative multimodal semiotic analysis, the six components of the developed heptagon model (visual grammar, positioning, typography, colour, modality, and iconography) are illustrated. The quantitative research supported the main research design, i.e. the qualitative multimodal semiotic analysis. It is envisaged that the development and construction of a multimodal semiotic model will make a contribution to the scholarly field of semiotic analysis. By discussing the fluidity of the variations of masculinities and male identities, by giving a brief overview of the role of the media in constructing masculinities, and by focusing on the discourses that took place in MH, the researcher creates an awareness of the inherited patriarchal masculinities by recommending envisioned masculinities to be inclusive as a component of the solution. This approach is illustrated by the use and findings of the multimodal semiotic visual analysis. / Communication Science / D. Litt. et. Phil