<p>The aim of this thesis is to study the role of banking in society and the effect of the</p> <p>interbank market on the performance of the banking system.</p> <p>It starts by reviewing</p> <p>several studies conducted on empirical banking networks and highlighting their salient</p> <p>features in the context of modern network theory. A simulated network resembling the</p> <p>characteristics documented in the empirical studies is then built and its resilience is</p> <p>analyzed with a particular emphasis in documenting the crucial role played by highly</p> <p>interconnected banks.</p> <p>It is our belief that the study of systemic risk and contagion in a banking system</p> <p>is an integral part to the study of the economic role of banks themselves. Thus the</p> <p>current work focuses on the fundamentals of banking and aims at identifying the</p> <p>necessary drivers for a dynamical setup of the interbank market.</p> <p>Through an agent–based model, we address the issues of bank formation, bank runs</p> <p>and the emergence of an interbank market. Starting with heterogeneous individuals,</p> <p>bank formation is viewed as an emergent phenomenon arising to meet the needs for</p> <p>investment opportunities in face of uncertain liquidity preferences. When banks work</p> <p>in isolation (no interbank market), in the long run and through a long experience with</p> <p>bank failures, banking turns into a monopoly or a market with few players.</p> <p>By equipping banks with their own learning tools and allowing an interbank market</p> <p>to develop, fewer bank failures and a less concentrated banking system are witnessed.</p> <p>In addition, through a scenario analysis, it is demonstrated that allowing banks to</p> <p>interact does not weaken the banking system in almost all the cases, and improves</p> <p>the performance on multiple occasions.</p> <p>The work is concluded by studying the effects of a banking system on individuals</p> <p>and the economy in what is called social measures. We establish that the effects</p> <p>of banking on social measures such as consumption level, consumption inequality</p> <p>between individuals, long term investment and economic waste, varies significantly</p> <p>based on the structure of the society.</p> / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

La négociation collective n’est plus étrangère à la règlementation des grands licenciements collectifs nécessitant l’établissement d’un plan social. Depuis une vingtaine d’années, son rôle dans l’entreprise se renforce. La négociation collective d’entreprise s’est ainsi emparée de dispositifs procéduraux instituant le cadre d’une information-consultation des représentants du personnel ou encore des garanties d’évitement et d’accompagnement des licenciements. L’instauration par la loi n°2013-504 du 14 juin 2013 de la possibilité d’un plan social négocié par les organisations syndicales représentatives dans l’entreprise marque un tournant. Celles-ci participent désormais à la décision de gestion des conséquences sociales d’un projet de licenciement collectif pour motif économique. Cette négociation décisionnelle est source d’innovations dans la procédure interne mais aussi externe encadrant la mise en œuvre des grands licenciements collectifs. L’évolution de leur encadrement vers un droit négocié dans l’entreprise est affermie et constitue l’objet de la recherche conduite dans la présente thèse. / The collective bargaining of redundancy plan related to collective dismissals The collective bargaining is now part of the regulation of collective dismissals requiring the establishment of a redundancy plan in companies. Its role in companies have been getting stronger during the past thirty years. Thus, collective bargaining in companies seized the procedural rules linked to the framework of information and consultation of representatives but also relating to guarantees of avoidance and social assistance to dismissals. A real watershed was marked thanks to the enactment of the 14th June 2013 (n°2013-504) law. Indeed, this law ensures employment protection by offering the possibility to trade unions that represent workers in companies to negotiate the redundancy plan. These trade unions are now involved in the managerial decision determining the social consequences of collective dismissals for economic reasons. This collective bargaining that applies to a specific decision process generates innovations in the internal and external procedure setting up the framework of collective dismissals. The evolution of the redundancy controls, which are now oriented towards a negotiated right in companies, is reinforced. This constitutes the subject of the researches that are conducted in this thesis.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:20:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DalmoOE.pdf: 1546619 bytes, checksum: 9356c7f9aa0937d80a9d2bb4a27c0b5f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-08 / This study critically examines the effects of public policies, implemented by Funda??o Estadual da Crian?a e do Adolescente (FUNDAC/RN), along with adolescents of both sexes, perpetrators of illegal acts in compliance by court order, by socio-educative measures , identifying the contradictions that permeate the understanding and treatment of issue. The aim is to investigate the chances that youths have by living in Centro Educacional Pitimbu and Centro Educacional Padre. Jo?o Maria (CEDUC), to become subjects in the exercise of their citizenship. The methodology adopted is the verbal history of life (MEIHY, 2005) of youths that had life experiences in these institutions from 2002 to 2005, allowing researchers to access directly to investigated individuals, through the place where they currently reside, and enabling the reconstitution of their life story, from semi-structured interviews. The young people s statements interviewed were grouped and analyzed from the following categories of analysis: the egress and family, the school and egress, the community and egress, the egress and work, the egress and CEDUC, the egress and experience infringement. The results indicate that, despite the advances in Brazilian legislation for the sector, the actions promoted by these institutions generally would have produced innocuous and stigmatized consequences. Moreover, they show in essence that they carry on their inner contradictions which fundamentally correspond to the interests of the dominant system and a society which uses mechanisms of social policy, in addition to favoring the control and repression. And thus, while such actions remain unable to produce important changes in the conditions of existence of young people who meet by social deprivation of liberty, it is possible to say that the chances are minimal so that they become autonomous subjects in a society that, preferring their punishment, denies them, stubbornly, access to their basic rights. In theory, the researcher dialogues with authors as Foucault, Goffman, Bourdieu, Offe, Bauman, Boaventura Santos, Takeuti, Germano, Ari?s, Wacquant, among others / O estudo analisa, criticamente, os efeitos das pol?ticas p?blicas, executadas pela Funda??o Estadual da Crian?a e do Adolescente (FUNDAC/RN), junto aos adolescentes, de ambos os sexos, autores de atos infracionais, em cumprimento, por determina??o judicial, da medida socioeducativa de interna??o , identificando as contradi??es que perpassam a compreens?o e tratamento da quest?o. Objetiva investigar quais as chances que t?m os jovens egressos, com passagem pelo Centro Educacional Pitimbu (CEDUC Pitimbu) e pelo Centro Educacional Pe. Jo?o Maria (CEDUC Pe. Jo?o Maria), de se tornarem sujeitos no exerc?cio de sua cidadania. A metodologia adotada ? a hist?ria oral de vida (MEIHY, 2005) dos jovens egressos das institui??es referidas, no per?odo 2002/2005, permitindo ao pesquisador o acesso aos sujeitos investigados, diretamente nos locais onde residem, na atualidade, e possibilitando a reconstitui??o de sua hist?ria de vida, a partir de entrevistas semi-estruturadas. Os depoimentos dos jovens entrevistados foram agrupados e analisados a partir das seguintes categorias de an?lise: o egresso e a fam?lia, o egresso e a escola, o egresso e a comunidade, o egresso e o trabalho, o egresso e o CEDUC, o egresso e a viv?ncia infracional. Os resultados sinalizam que, a despeito dos avan?os na legisla??o brasileira para o setor, as a??es promovidas por essas institui??es, em geral, s? t?m produzido conseq??ncias in?cuas e estigmatizadoras, evidenciando que, em ess?ncia, elas carregam no seu interior contradi??es que, no fundo, correspondem aos interesses do sistema dominante e de uma sociedade que, utilizando mecanismos de pol?tica social, ainda privilegia o controle e a repress?o. E, assim, enquanto essas a??es permanecerem incapazes de produzir altera??es significativas nas condi??es de exist?ncia dos jovens que cumprirem medida socioeducativa privativa de liberdade, ? poss?vel afirmar que s?o m?nimas as chances de eles se tornarem sujeitos aut?nomos, numa sociedade que, preferindo a sua puni??o, lhes nega, obstinadamente, acesso aos seus direitos b?sicos. Na abordagem te?rica, o pesquisador dialoga com autores como Foucault, Goffman, Bourdieu, Offe, Bauman, Boaventura Santos, Takeuti, Germano, Ari?s, Wacquant, entre outros. Palavras-chave: Adolescentes infratores. Medidas socioeducativas