La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo describir la relación entre la adicción a las redes sociales y la ansiedad manifiesta en adolescentes de un colegio particular en Lima. El diseño fue de tipo no experimental correlacional y transversal. La muestra fue no probabilística intencional y estuvo conformada por 227 participantes de los cuales el 42.3% fueron mujeres y el 57.7% fueron varones. Se aplicaron los cuestionarios de Adicción a las Redes Sociales (ARS) de Salas y Escurra (2014) y la Escala de Ansiedad Manifiesta en Niños (CMAS-R) en la versión adaptada a la población peruana de Domínguez, Villegas y Padilla (2013). Dentro de los principales resultados se comprobó que, existe relación entre las variables estudiadas; por lo tanto, a mayor adicción a las redes sociales existe mayor ansiedad manifiesta. Además, se encontró diferencias entre varones y mujeres, siendo ellas las que puntúan más alto en ambas escalas. Asimismo, se comprobó que a mayor tiempo de conexión a las redes sociales, mayor es la adicción a estas. / The objective of this research was to describe the relationship between addiction to social networks and anxiety manifested in adolescents of a private school in Lima. The methodology was non-experimental correlational and transversal. The sample was not intentionally probabilistic and consisted of 227 participants, of which 42.3% were women and 57.7% were men. The questionnaire of Addiction to Social Networks (ARS) of Salas and Escurra (2014) and the Questionnaire of Manifest Anxiety in Children (CMAS-R) in the adapted version to the Peruvian population of Domínguez, Villegas and Padilla (2013) were applied. Among the main results, it was found that there is a relationship between the variables studied; therefore, the greater the addiction to social networks there is greater manifest anxiety. In addition, differences were found between men and women, with women scoring higher on both scales. Also, it was found that the longer the connection to social networks, the greater the addiction to these. / Tesis

The goal of this master thesis is to design and implement an analytical application for Security Information Service by providing a software prototype. The solution proposes an enhancement of existing graph that allows security analytics to analyse, edit and visualize objects and relations that are saved into a relational database. In the thesis, we walk through the process of development step by step. First, we investigate the current version software and the requirements of the customer. Afterwards, we design the architecture to be easily extendable with new modules and reliable libraries. In the next step, we implement the application, present our solution to the customer and conduct excessive testing. The final step is evaluating our solution by comparing it to the current software solution in use.

O principal objetivo desta dissertação foi analisar a conformação e as características de arranjos intersetoriais, desde a formulação até a implementação dos projetos, considerando o papel dos atores estatais e da sociedade civil e suas relações como dimensões integrantes do estudo. A fim de superar as abordagens normativas em torno da intersetorialidade, analisamos empiricamente dois casos: o projeto Oficina Boracea, cuja análise foi dividida em momento inicial de implementação (T0 2002/2004) e momento atual (T1 2007/2016); e o Programa De Braços Abertos (DBA), desde sua formulação, em 2013, até 2016. Inscritos em contextos e tempos diferentes, ambos foram desenvolvidos pela Prefeitura de São Paulo enquanto experiências inaugurais de acolhida e atenção à população em situação de rua, embora atendam públicos em situações de vulnerabilidade social com nuances distintas. Por meio da metodologia de análise de redes sociais, o trabalho aqui realizado investigou a dinâmica relacional entre os atores e como essas relações estabelecidas ajudaram a definir padrões de intersetorialidade distintos. Em linhas gerais, observamos os fatores que influenciaram a consolidação de três arranjos de intersetorialidade. No caso do Boracea T0, os arranjos intersetorial e de governança apresentaram um claro destaque da pasta de assistência social e de organizações da sociedade civil (OSCs) conveniadas, bem como uma articulação efetiva com a saúde e relações pontuais com outros setores. No Boracea T1 observamos uma intensa articulação entre agentes implementadores das OSCs da assistência social e da saúde, porém com dificuldades para chegar ao alto escalão e influenciar em decisões mais estruturantes. Já no DBA, o arranjo observado envolveu a efetiva articulação de cinco setores de governo e OSCs, com fluxos bem definidos entre os três escalões burocráticos envolvidos. Desse modo, verificamos empiricamente que a intersetorialidade, mais do que um modelo de gestão bem formulado, é produto de interações cotidianas, sendo permeada por combinações distintas de fatores que definem a efetivação de arranjos diversos / The main goal of this dissertation was to analyze both form and characteristics of intersectoral arrangements, from the formulation to implementation instances of the projects, considering the role of state actors and civil society and their relations as inherently dimensions of the analysis. In order to overcome the normative approaches around intersectoriality, we empirically analyzed two cases: the Oficina Boracea project, whose analysis was divided into initial moment of implementation (T0 - 2002/2004) and current moment (T1 - 2007/2016); and the De Braços Abertos (DBA), from its formulation in 2013 to 2016. Registered in different contexts and times, both were developed by São Paulo City Hall as breaking through experiences of homeless welcoming and caring, although attending to public in situations of social vulnerability with different nuances. Through the methodology of social network analysis, this dissertation investigated the relational dynamics among the actors and how these established relationships helped to define different patterns of intersectoriality. In general terms, we observed the factors that influenced the consolidation of three intersectoral arrangements. In the case of Boracea T0, the intersectoral and governance arrangements presented a clear focus on the Social Assistance Department and on the civil society organizations (CSOs), as well as an effective articulation with Health Department and some punctual relations with other sectors. In Boracea T1, we observed an intense articulation between implementing agents from CSOs and from Social Assistance and Health Departments, but with difficulties in reaching the top command in order to influence more structuring decisions. In DBA, the observed arrangement presents an effective articulation of five sectors of government and the CSOs, with flows well defined among the three bureaucratic levels involved. In this way, we empirically verify that intersectorality, rather than a well-formulated management model, is the product of everyday interactions, imbued by distinct combinations of factors that define the effectiveness of diverse arrangements

This dissertation studies bad behavior at large-scale using data traces from online video games. Video games provide a natural laboratory for exploring bad behavior due to their popularity, explicitly defined (programmed) rules, and a competitive nature that provides motivation for bad behavior. More specifically, we look at two forms of bad behavior: cheating and toxic behavior. Cheating is most simply defined as breaking the rules of the game to give one player an edge over another. In video games, cheating is most often accomplished using programs, or "hacks," that circumvent the rules implemented by game code. Cheating is a threat to the gaming industry in that it diminishes the enjoyment of fair players, siphons off money that is paid to cheat creators, and requires investment in anti-cheat technologies. Toxic behavior is a more nebulously defined term, but can be thought of as actions that violate social norms, especially those that harm other members of the society. Toxic behavior ranges from insults or harassment of players (which has clear parallels to the real world) to domain specific instances such as repeatedly "suiciding"" to help an enemy team. While toxic behavior has clear parallels to bad behavior in other online domains, e.g., cyberbullying, if gone unchecked it has the potential to "kill" a game by driving away its players. We first present a distributed architecture and reference implementation for the collection and analysis of large-scale social data. Using this implementation we then study the social structure of over 10 million gamers collected from a planetary scale Online Social Network, about 720 thousand of whom have been labeled cheaters, finding a significant correlation between social structure and the probability of partaking in cheating behavior. We additionally collect over half a billion daily observations of the cheating status of these gamers. Using about 10 months of detailed server logs from a community owned and operated game server we next analyze how relationships in the aforementioned online social network are backed by in-game interactions. Next, we use the insights gained and find evidence for a contagion process underlying the spread of cheating behavior and perform a data driven simulation using mathematical models for contagion. Finally, we build a model using millions of crowdsourced decisions for predicting toxic behavior in online games. To the best of our knowledge, this dissertation presents the largest study of bad behavior to date. Our findings confirm theories about cheating and unethical behavior that have previously remained untested outside of controlled laboratory experiments or only with small, survey based studies. We find that the intensity of interactions between players is a predictor of a future relationship forming. We provide statistically significant evidence for cheating as a contagion. Finally, we extract insights from our model for detecting toxic behavior on how human reviewers perceive the presence and severity of bad behavior.

Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Understanding factors that enhance or diminish performance levels of individuals is instrumental for achieving individual (low level) and organisational (high level) goals. In this study, the effect of social network structure, position, ties and information and communication technologies (ICT) use on performance attitudes of knowledge intensive workers in dispersed occupational communities is investigated. Based on social network theories of strength of weak ties and structural holes, and the social influence model of technology use, a theoretical framework is developed. In conjunction with qualitative interviews conducted with subject matter experts, the framework is used to further develop and refine a valid and reliable survey instrument. Secondly, network measures of degree centrality, density, structural holes (constraint and efficiency), tie strength and tie diversity are applied for exploring the association with ICT use and performance from a sample of 110 rural general practitioners. Empirical results suggest that network structure, position and ties of knowledge workers play a crucial role in individual performance and ICT use. In particular, degree centrality and task-level ICT use was found to be positively associated with performance while ego-network constraint was found to be negatively correlated with performance. In terms of ICT use, functional diversity and degree centrality were positively associated with task-level ICT use whereas ego-network efficiency was found to be negatively correlated with ICT use at the communication-structure level. Among the variables that showed significance, degree centrality best explained overall variance for performance, and functional diversity best explained overall variance for task-level ICT use, although professional accreditations remains a potent indicator also. The results from this study resonate with findings from past literature and extend traditional theory of social networks and performance within the micro level to include geographically dispersed individuals involved in knowledge intensive work. For individuals in such non-competitive settings, traditional network theories such as structural holes theory still apply. However, a key finding is that network structure is a much more potent predictor of performance although network position is important. The second key finding addresses a major gap in the literature concerning understanding social processes that influence ICT use. As the technology acceptance and the social influence models lack empirical evidence from a social networks perspective, this research shows that rather than the strength of ties which functions as a conduit of novel ideas and information, it is the functional tie diversity within individual professionals networks that increase ICT use at the task-level. Methodologically, the study contributes towards a triangulation approach that utilises both qualitative and quantitative methods for operationalising the study. The quantitative method includes a non-traditional “networks” method of data collection and analysis to serve as a fine complement to traditional research methods in behavioural studies. The outcome is a valid and reliable survey instrument that allows collection of both individual attribute and social network data. The instrument is theoretically driven, practically feasible to implement, time-efficient and easily replicable for other similar studies. At the domain level, key findings from this study contradict previous literature which suggests that professionals in occupational communities such as general practitioners decline in performance as they age. In fact, findings from this study suggest that age and experience do not affect for performance; rather, there is a negative relationship between experience and task-level ICT use, and that task-level ICT use is positively associated with performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal care. Furthermore, degree centrality is also positively associated with professional accreditations, such as fellowship of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners, which is conducive to performance in terms of attitudes to interpersonal and technical care. The contextual implication from the quantitative and qualitative evidence of this study is that while contemplating strategies for optimising ICT use or for improving attitudes to quality of care at the technical and interpersonal level, the importance of social structure, position and relations in the practitioner’s professional network needs to be considered carefully as part of the overall individual and organisation-level goals.

Social networking for enterprises is the use of emergent social software platforms within or between companies to enable participants to rendezvous, connect or collaborate through computer-mediated communication and to form online communities (McAfee, 2006). It provides a platform for participants to co-create social networks that permit the exchange and retrieval of relevant knowledge on a company-built platform. The objective of this research is to understand the characteristics and development of social network applications in different types of enterprises. We discuss the key factors for companies to develop their own social network using web 2.0. Based on the classification of customizing products (Pine, 1993), this study uses multiple case studies and the characteristics of their social networks such as service, marketing and collaboration to see how social networking on web 2.0 helps customize products for business benefits. The findings of the study are that with different types of customizing products, the company will have a different focus in its value chain. We explored these differences by constructing a two-way model. Using the two-way model, our study separates the different types of products into four sectors: provider, listener, promoter and collaborator. The four sectors can describe the purpose of the product using the social network and gives advice that is relevant to similar types of companies.

It has been said that the XXI century is the century of people; social media, web2.0 applications and other technology breakthroughs have made the world every single day a smaller place. iChina forum takes advantage of all available existing technology to provide seasoned China experts with a platform that help them share their knowledge with the world. Our purpose is to enhance the mutual understanding between east and west towards and harmonic future. This business plan explains how through the use of open source development tools, a network of partnerships and social media marketing a low cost internet startup is possible.

The amount of information on the Web is spreading very rapidly. Users as well as companies bring data to the network and are willing to share with others. They quickly reach a situation where their information is hosted on many machines they own and on a large number of autonomous systems where they have accounts. Management of all this information is rapidly becoming beyond human expertise. We introduce WebdamExchange, a novel distributed knowledge-base model that includes logical statements for specifying information, access control, secrets, distribution, and knowledge about other peers. These statements can be communicated, replicated, queried, and updated, while keeping track of time and provenance. The resulting knowledge guides distributed data management. WebdamExchange model is based on WebdamLog, a new rule-based language for distributed data management that combines in a formal setting deductiverules as in Datalog with negation, (to specify intensional data) and active rules as in Datalog:: (for updates and communications). The model provides a novel setting with a strong emphasis on dynamicity and interactions(in a Web 2.0 style). Because the model is powerful, it provides a clean basis for the specification of complex distributed applications. Because it is simple, it provides a formal framework for studying many facets of the problem such as distribution, concurrency, and expressivity in the context of distributed autonomous peers. We also discuss an implementation of a proof-of-concept system that handles all the components of the knowledge base and experiments with a lighter system designed for smartphones. We believe that these contributions are a good foundation to overcome theproblems of Web data management, in particular with respect to access control.

<p>Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) föregås av en väntetid som kan vara påfrestande för patienten i och med att en hjärtkärlsjukdom är ett livshotande tillstånd. Effektivi-sering inom sjukvården har lett till förhållandevis korta vårdtider efter detta ingrepp. Med tanke på den relativt långa rehabiliteringsfas som följer läggs mycket av ansvaret för återhämtningen på patient och dennes närstående i hemmet. Syftet med studien var att belysa det sociala stödet och dess betydelse för patienten i samband med en CABG-operation. Studien genomfördes som en litteraturstudie. Resultatet visade att socialt stöd hade en positiv effekt på välbefinnan-det för patienter i samband med CABG-operation. Socialt stöd gavs i olika grad i form av emotionellt, informativt eller instrumentellt stöd, av sjuksköterska och närstående. De närstående utgjorde den viktigaste källan till stödet. Vissa patientgrupper hade större behov av socialt stöd än andra. Sjuksköterskan bör vara medveten om dessa utsatta grupper och försöka tillgodose deras behov av utökat stöd. Vidare forskning bör göras för att se hur detta utökade stöd bör utformas för att ge bäst effekt.</p>

<p>To end up as an immigrant in an unknown country and to try to participate in the majority society means both psychological and physical difficulties where their whole life is changing. Gemensamma Krafter is a prevention changing work in a housing area in Borlänge. It works among other things as a meeting place for people from different cultures. The aim with this study was to describe and to get increased understanding for the lives of a number of immigrant women who lives in Borlänge/Sweden and which importance “Gemensamma Krafter” has had for them. Eight women from Syria, Iraq, Turkey and Somalia were interviewed and the material was analyzed on the basis of categorisations of expressed meanings. The results show on a complex picture of these women’s lives in Borlänge. Their experience that Sweden is a safe country with a personal freedom without wars and with social rights as equal as other citizens is obvious but their experience of exclusion, discrimination and everyday racism is always present. The community with compatriots becomes important when one does not become accepted and participating in the majority society. It is in this community where the immigrant women strengthens their own identities and mobilizes the force to a future's faith on work, education and participation in the society. Gemensamma Krafter is described by the women as an oasis, a meeting place where they can be confirmed and accepted for the persons they are. Here they meet Swedish women and get an insight in their world. The study gives an increased knowledge and understanding for the lives of the immigrant women and the importance of natural meeting places in the local society.</p> / <p>Att hamna i ett okänt land och försöka bli delaktig i majoritetssamhället innebär både psykiska och fysiska svårigheter där hela ens livsvärld förändras. Gemensamma Krafter är ett förebyggande förändringsarbete i ett bostadsområde i Borlänge. Det fungerar bl.a. som en mötesplats för människor från olika kulturer. Syftet med studien var att beskriva och få en ökad förståelse för invandrarkvinnors liv i Borlänge/Sverige och vilken betydelse Gemensamma Krafter haft för kvinnorna. Åtta kvinnor från Syrien, Irak, Turkiet och Somalia intervjuades och materialet analyserades utifrån meningskategorisering. Resultatet visar på en komplex bild av dessa kvinnors liv i Borlänge/Sverige. De uttryckte att Sverige är ett tryggt land med frihet utan krig och med sociala rättigheter som andra medborgare men att upplevelsen av utanförskap, diskriminering och vardagsrasism finns ständigt närvarande. Gemenskapen med egna landsmän blir viktig när de inte blir accepterad och delaktig i majoritetssamhället. Det är där de stärker sin egen identitet och mobiliserar kraften till en framtidstro på arbete, utbildning och delaktighet i samhället. Gemensamma Krafter beskrivs av kvinnorna som en oas, en mötesplats där de blir bekräftad och accepterad. Där träffar de svenska kvinnor och får en inblick i deras värld. Studien ger en ökad kunskap och förståelse för invandrarkvinnornas liv och visar på vikten av naturliga mötesplatser i lokalsamhället.</p>