Thesis (M.C.P.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH / Bibliography: leaves 216-220. / by Barbara S. Parker. / M.C.P.

Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1980. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ENGINEERING. / Bibliography: leaves 174-175. / by Jamie Devol. / M.Arch.

Thesis (M. Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1981. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH. / Includes bibliographical references. / Studies about residential passive solar heating have been conducted in many countries, mostly dealing with new or existing single family houses and nearly unlimited access to the sun. Only a few studies are related to residential projects that use passive solar in an urban context and must cope with limited solar access, fixed city layouts, and constrictive building laws (1,2,3,4). Multifamily housing in German cities accounts for a major portion of the existing building stock. A range of German energy standards try to enforce the improvement of old and poorly insulated structures by these efforts only support conservation. As yet there is no initiative to seek optimal use of available solar energies. The heat loss in multifamily housing is already reduced to a significant degree: only a small number of weather walls and windows create actual heat losses, and internal gains act as beneficial heat sources which lower the demand for space heat. With increased use of solar energy, the usual 8.5 month heating period could be substantially shortened. Calculations included in this work show the potential for reducing the annual heating season to less than three months. Case studies of two tenement building types generic to the city of Berlin describe the existing situation in Germany and explore possible approaches for improving the use of passive solar energy by combining new and innovative materials with the existing building stock. All the factors related to climatic responsible design under local conditions are explained in a step-by-step procedure suitable for use by any architectural office concerned with using passive solar energy in an urban context. / by Alexander W. Lohr. / M.Arch.

Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 1983. / MICROFICHE COPY AVAILABLE IN ARCHIVES AND ROTCH / Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-70). / A prototype for a dwelling heat loss compensator is introduced in this thesis, along with its measured thermal performance and suggestions for its future development. As a heat loss compensator, the Sol-Clad-Siding collects, stores, and releases solar heat at room temperatures thereby maintaining a neutral skin for structures, which conserves energy, rather than attempting to supply heat into the interior as most solar systems do. Inhabitants' conventional objections to passive-solar systems utilized in housing are presented as a contrasting background. The potential of the outer component, a Trans-Lucent-Insulation as a sunlight diffuser and transmitter (65 to 52% of heating season insulation) and as a good insulator [0.62 W/(sq m) (°K) [0.11 Btu/(hr) (sq ft) (°F) 1] are described. The performance of the inner component, a container of phase-change materials as an efficient vertical thermal storage is discussed, and areas for future research are addressed. A very brief application of this passive-solar curtain wall system for dwellings is also given. / by Doru Iliesiu. / M.S.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Apresenta a validaÃÃo experimental de um novo refrigerador solar por adsorÃÃo com aquecimento indireto. Os componentes do refrigerador sÃo: adsorvedor, condensador, evaporador e coletor solar. A escolha do par adsorbato / adsorvente, Ãgua e sÃlica gel tipo RD, respectivamente, levou em consideraÃÃo as temperaturas alcanÃadas pelos coletores e disponÃveis para a dessorÃÃo do fluÃdo refrigerante (Ãgua) das cavidades do material adsorvente (sÃlido poroso). Devido à coexistÃncia das etapas de aquecimento e resfriamento no adsorvedor, foi definida uma geometria para este componente capaz de permitir uma melhor dissipaÃÃo de calor no material adsorvente na fase de resfriamento, e a conservaÃÃo de energia tÃrmica durante a fase de aquecimento. Os resultados experimentais comprovaram o funcionamento do refrigerador, visto que foram atingidas temperaturas de 140ÂC na entrada do adsorvedor, 80ÂC no leito adsortivo e de 4,4ÂC no evaporador, possibilitando sua aplicaÃÃo em sistemas de condicionamento de ar / This work presents the experimental validation of a new adsorption solar refrigeration with indirect heating. The components of the refrigerator are: an adsorber, a condenser, an evaporator, and a solar collector. The choice of the adsorbate / adsorbent pair, water and silica gel type RD, respectively, took into consideration the temperatures reached by the solar collectors and available for the desorption of the refrigerant fluid (water) from the cavities of the adsorbent material (a porous solid). Due to the co-existence of the heating and cooling phases in the adsorber, a specific geometry for this component was defined so as to allow a good heat dissipation in the adsorbent material in the cooling phase, and the conservation of thermal energy in the heating phase. The experimental results validate the operation of the refrigerator, as temperature valves of 140ÂC at the inlet of the adsorber, of 80ÂC in the adsorber bed, and of 4,4ÂC in the evaporator were reached, allowing its application in air conditioning systems

Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-10T15:14:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DissertacaoLanaCalza.pdf: 2479663 bytes, checksum: 442aa566b0950908af98316f277a70cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-21 / This work proposes a system of hybrid heating water using primary source solar energy and an auxiliary source, electricity or GLP for auto-completion of heating. This paper had as main objective to measure and analyze the economic viability of a solar heating system water to meet hot water demand in the poultry slaughterhouse in western Paraná. For this different scenarios were studied, varying both the type of solar collector (closed plane or vacuum 'U' shaped) and the auxiliary power source, and then compared to conventional water heating systems. The F-Chart method and a calculation routine developed in this dissertation were used to size the systems. For this project, the study showed the economic viability of all scenarios of solar water heaters in conjunction with an auxiliary power source. The most economically worthy configuration was the use of flat solar collectors and electric power as an auxiliary power source. The comparison with the use of a conventional source showed R $ 92,916.84 NPV, IRR 59.9% and turnaround time of about 1 year and 11 months. / Neste trabalho foi proposto um sistema de aquecimento híbrido de água utilizando como fonte primária a energia solar e uma fonte auxiliar, energia elétrica ou gás GLP, para complementação automática do aquecimento. Esta dissertação teve como principal objetivo dimensionar e analisar a viabilidade econômica de um sistema de aquecimento solar de água para atender a demanda de água quente dos vestiários em um frigorífico de aves na região Oeste do Paraná. Para isto foram estudados diferentes cenários, variando tanto o tipo de coletor solar (plano fechado ou a vácuo tipo ‗U ) como a fonte de energia auxiliar, e comparados aos sistemas de aquecimento de água convencionais. Foram utilizados o método F-Chart e uma rotina de cálculo desenvolvida nesta dissertação para o dimensionamento dos sistemas. Para este projeto, o estudo mostrou a viabilidade econômica de todos os sistemas de aquecimento solar de água acoplados a uma fonte auxiliar de energia. A configuração mais interessante economicamente apresentou-se para utilização de coletores solares planos e energia elétrica como fonte auxiliar de energia. A comparação com a fonte convencional apresentou VPL de R$ 92.916,84, TIR de 59,9% e tempo de retorno de aproximadamente de 1 ano e 11 meses

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Mechanical Engineering / Master / Master of Philosophy

No description available.

In Canada, 20% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions result from burning fossil fuels to heat homes, buildings, and water. Solar thermal technologies convert the sun’s energy into emission-free heat. The Drake Landing Solar Community (DLSC) in Okotoks, Alberta uses a Central Solar Heating Plant (CSHP) with Seasonal Storage to achieve an astounding annual reduction of 89 % in fossil fuel consumption and more than 5 tonnes in GHG emissions per home. This thesis examines: (1) the role for solar thermal technologies in Canada; and (2) what social, economical, and environmental factors are critical to the implementation and ultimate success of the DLSC. The former was examined through a literature review and the latter through a qualitative case study. Data was collected from published articles, media reports, conference proceedings, and in-person interviews in Okotoks. International markets have shown strong solar thermal growth, yet Canada lags significantly despite its powerful solar resources and readily available technology. Europe has demonstrated that strong policies with ambitious targets have a critical role in the implementation of solar technologies. A review of recent public opinion polls demonstrates Canadians value the environment and would favour such policy developments. The case study sought to understand the roles and motivations of the municipality, home builder group, and homeowners. The municipality exhibited tremendous leadership when it embarked on a path towards sustainability that included controlled growth based on ecological limitations and investment in solar thermal technology for municipal buildings. The Federation of Canadian Municipalities was instrumental in exposing Okotoks and the home builder group to the CSHP successes in Europe. The flexibility and innovation of the home builder group provided conventionally-styled homes, which were able to seamlessly incorporate the technologies of the DLSC. For the homeowners, critical components of the success of the project included: a means to participate in environmental change, increased community cohesion due to aligned values; and price stability for their heating costs. Additionally, all of the homeowners interviewed stated that they would be willing to pay extra to support the technology, which indicates that future projects may require less subsidization. / Thesis (Master, Environmental Studies) -- Queen's University, 2009-02-03 14:08:18.825

Studies undertaken by Eskom in 2001 identified three sites near the Northern Cape town of Upington which are suitable for a 100 MW Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) generating plant. Of the CSP technologies investigated, the central receiver option was identified as best for the Northern Cape, however almost none of Eskom’s analysis was made public. The basis of the central receiver’s suitability versus other CSP options is not publicly known. Given recent advances in concentrating systems, an argument exists for reassessing the suitability of various solar thermal technologies for bulk power generation. This study first characterises the incident solar radiation (insolation) levels at Upington from six data sources and assesses their quality. The data are then used to model performance of the parabolic trough, compact linear Fresnel reflector, central receiver, and dish-engine technologies. A software modelling tool of the United States National Renewable Energy Laboratory (System Advisor Model) is used to facilitate the comparison. Simulation results are compared with data from similar studies to ensure consistency of the CSP model inputs and performance outputs. Constraining the results to the environmental conditions of Upington, it is found that while central receiver technology produces less electricity per square kilometre of collector area, it uses less water than parabolic trough technology to obtain a higher annual electric output. Dish-engine technology has the most favourable annual electricity production to water-usage ratio, however, its modest annual electricity output and lack of energy storage capability weaken the case for it to match South Africa’s national load profile substantively. Examining the modelled month-to-month electricity output characteristic, the central receiver technology delivers significantly more electricity during the lower insolation winter period of the year than the competing technologies. This results in the central receiver technology achieving the highest annual electric output of the four technologies compared under the same insolation levels, strengthening the case for its implementation. As a whole, this work characterises the insolation levels at Upington, provides an analysis of the technical performance of competing CSP technologies for the proposed Northern Cape site, and argues quantitatively in favour of the central receiver option. / Thesis (M.Sc.Eng.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2012.