<p>Betyg 180608.</p>

Industrial buying behavior can be described as the process that occurs when an organization discovers a need until the product or service is ordered. Understanding of the customers buying behavior is a crucial factor in the increasingly competitive business environment and can provide many benefits in a marketing perspective. Understanding the customers buying behavior brings answer to questions about what the customer really wants, how they want it, and why. Understanding the customer buying behavior can also contribute with identification of the most appropriate approach that should be used in marketing towards organizations. Much of the research that has been conducted in industrial buying behavior have focused on establishing a general understanding, but with absence of clear evidence whether it is applicable in all line of businesses. One such business area is the Swedish forest industry. Therefore, this study has aimed to research the industrial buying behavior in the forest industry where differences and similarities are investigated, but also to characterize the specific buying behavior in this area of research. Collection of data have been conducted by case studies in which five small and middle size organizations were interviewed regarding their procurement of crane scales (a link assembled on the crane which weights each timber while loading the lorry). Areas that have been investigated are the process between what triggers the need of a product and the following phases towards the buying decision, the buying situation, and, the people who are involved in the buying decision and how they interact and influence each other. The findings suggest that previous research is applicable in the Swedish forest industry even though some models are better suited for larger enterprises. Research regarding influence among members of the buying unit were more complicated than it was expected to be. Finally, this study contributes with practical implications and clear guidelines where marketing activities are best executed for organizations in the Swedish forest industry that are in either new task-, or rebuy situations. / Industriellt köpbeteende kan beskrivas som studerandet av den processen som sker när ett företag upptäcker ett behov fram till dess att produkten eller tjänsten beställs. Förståelsen för kundens köpbeteende är en viktig faktor i de allt mer konkurrensutsatta företagsmiljöerna och skänker många fördelar ur ett marknadsföringsperspektiv. Genom att studera kundens köpbeteende kan frågor som vad kunden verkligen vill ha, hur den vill ha det och varför besvaras. Studerandet av industriellt köpbeteende kan även bidra med förståelse för vilka infallsvinklar som är mest effektfulla vid anpassning och riktning av marknadsföring, för att som företag påverka ett köpbeslut. Mycket av forskningen som bedrivits inom industriellt köpbeteende har syftat till att etablera en generell förståelse, som utan direkta bevis antagits applicerbar inom många branscher. En sådan bransch är svensk skogsindustri. Studien har därför syftat till att undersöka industriellt köpbeteende i skogsindustrin med avseende på skillnader och likheter med tidigare teorier men även för att karaktärisera det branschspecifika köpbeteendet. Datainsamlingen har utförts i form av fallstudier där fem små- och medelstora företag intervjuades kring deras inköp av våglänkar (våg som monteras i skogskranen och väger respektive timmer). Områden som undersöks är företagens process från det som triggar igång inköpsbehovet fram till anskaffandet av våglänken, rådande köpsituation samt de personer som är delaktiga i köpbeslutet och hur de påverkar varandra. I helhet visade studien att tidigare forskning är applicerbar i skogsindustrin trots att vissa modeller lämpade sig för större företag än de som undersöktes. Undersökning av hur individer påverkar varandra inför ett köpbeslut hos de intervjuade företagen visade sig mer komplicerat att utröna än förväntat. Slutligen har studien bidragit till praktiska implikationer för vart marknadsföringen bör riktas när företag köper produkter första gången respektive vid kommande återköp.

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Based on semi-structured interviews, which have been interpreted through thematic analysis, this study sets out to explore four women’s experiences of sexual assault and its impact on their sexuality. It also aims at inquiring into what their stories can tell us about bodies and sexuality in general. This study draws on an understanding of sexuality and bodies as both discursive and material, and extends this insight to also include materiality’s potential to act against discourse. The analysis shows that the women experience sexual assault as in various ways affecting their sexuality and wellbeing negatively. While showing that their sexuality and bodily behaviour during sex is shaped and controlled by power and that this can be reinforced after sexual assault, it is also emphasised that their experiences lead to a less regulated sexuality and therefore to new sexual and bodily opportunities beyond passivity and objectification. In sum, the study suggests that the understanding of sexual assault as highly and negatively affecting women’s sexuality needs to be nuanced.

No description available.

The purpose of this study was to through a semiotic content analysis identify different and similar ways that the public- and private sector applicate their profile, identity and image on their “work with us” tab on their website. This study is also based on the assumption that the public sector is generally a few steps behind the private sector in ways of attracting new employees. And by applicating the theories profile- identity- image branding and new public management as the theoretical framework, this study could produce an analistic framework to study the organisational tabs. The result show that the studies assumption and the theory of new public management was in this case misleading and that the county of Kungsbacka has done far more applications of their profile, identity and image on their “work with us” tab. But also, that they have done a more thorough prework of their employer branding, before using it on their website. However the result of this study is not generalisable, and the result could look a lot different with other organisations in it.

Droplet mobility on surfaces is often hampered by the pinning of the droplet’s contact line. External forces would be needed if motion is to continue. The development of Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS) or Lubricant-Impregnated Surfaces (LIS) has since enabled the studies of droplets in low friction situations with virtually no contact angle hysteresis. This thesis presents three separate studies of droplet mobility in the absence of contact line pinning, made possible by the use of SLIPS/LIS. Firstly, the first study of evaporation of sessile droplet under true constant contact angle mode was demonstrated. The lack of contact line pinning meant that droplet’s contact line receded smoothly with no stick-slip stepwise retreat as it evaporated. The absence of a contact angle due to the presence of the wetting ridge around the droplet led to the concept of an extrapolated apparent contact angle. The subsequent study saw the experimental realisation of both inward and outward motion of droplet having an apparent contact angle above 90° confined in a wedge geometry formed by a pair of SLIPS/LIS. Out of equilibrium, droplet was free to travel within the wedge until settling at a prescribed location, regardless to its initial position. This enabled the accurate control over the transport and localisation of the droplet by a reconfiguration of the system. The lack of pinning also suggests that the dynamics of the droplet is dictated purely by viscous dissipation. The final study showed that SLIPS/LIS can be created on macro-patterned surfaces. The macro-patterning introduced menisci features in the impregnating liquid layer which interact with the wetting ridge around a droplet. These interactions were used to induce motion to the droplet. It was also found that accurate positioning of the droplet on an otherwise completely slippery surface can be achieved using well-defined surface topography.

No description available.

Hamburgermenyn är en allt mer vanlig detalj i digitala gränssnitt som i stor utsträckning används både på mobila applikationer och på desktop. En hamburgermeny kan spara dig utrymme och se snygg ut, men allt mer kritik riktas nu mot denna menydesign då den anses vara dålig för användbarheten. Det krävs fler klick för att navigera på en webbsida med en hamburgermeny, och detta påstås bland annat öka den kognitiva belastningen och göra navigeringen krångligare och långsammare. I denna studie har en jämförelse gjorts mellan en webbsida med en hamburgermeny och en webbsida med en fastmenyrad, där man har undersökt om det finns någon skillnad i hur lång tid det tar att navigera när man vill hitta specifik information. Det har även undersökts om det finns någon skillnad i hur mycket man minns av innehållet i de olika menyerna genom oavsiktlig inkodningunder navigeringsuppgifterna. 30 deltagare testades, 11 kvinnor och 19 män, varav fem var norska och 25 var svenska. Deltagarna fick utföra två navigeringsuppgifter på en fiktiv webbsida, och sedan genomföra ett minnestest på papper. Hälften av deltagarna navigerade på en webbsida med en hamburgermeny, och den andra hälften på en webbsida med en fast menyrad med drop down-funktion. Webbsidorna varförutom detta helt identiska. Resultaten visade att det i genomsnitt tog längre tid för gruppen med hamburgermenyn att lösa navigeringsuppgifterna, än det gjorde för gruppen med den fasta menyraden. Minnestestet visade att det inte fanns någon skillnad i hur mycket de två grupperna mindes av innehållet i menyerna. / The hamburger menu has become a common detail of digital interfaces, and it’s used a lot both on mobile applications and on desktop. A hamburger menu can be useful because of the fact that it doesn’t take up much space and gives the website a clean look, but at the same time it is getting all the more critique because it is perceived as being bad for the usability. More clicks are required when navigation on a website with a hamburger menu, and that is said to result in a cognitive overload and make the navigation slower. In this study, a comparison is made between a website with a hamburger menu and a website with a fixed menu bar, focusing on how much time it takes to navigate on the sites when looking for specific information.The study also investigates if there’s any difference in how much one remembers of the content of the menus in the two different websites, through incidental encoding during the navigation tasks. 30 participants where tested, 11 women and 19 women, which of five were Norwegian and 25 were Swedish. The participants completed two navigation tasks on a fictive website, and then they got to conducta recognition test on paper to see what they remembered from the menu section. Half of the participants navigated on a website with a hamburger menu, and the other half on a website with a fixed menu bar with a drop-down function. Other than that, the websites were identical. The results showed that the mean task time was higher for the group with the hamburger menu when looking at the navigation tasks. The memory recognition test showed that there was no difference between the groups regarding how much they remembered of the content.

The domestication of horses took place at least 2000 BCE. Since then, horses have been used for transportation, agricultural work and even for warfare. Today, horses have been bred into world athletes, used worldwide in equestrian sports. However, these explosive performance horses present characteristics that make them prone to injuries leading to lameness. According to the insurance company Agria, more than 50 % of all reported injuries on horses in Sweden each year, are related to lameness. Using more objective analysing methods can lead to earlier detection and decrease the occurrence of this kind of injuries. In this Master’s degree project, a horse sensor system was proposed, designed and manufactured as a first prototype. The system consists of a force measuring device and an external reader. The force measuring sensor itself is a piezoelectric printed sensor. The force measuring device senses, acquires and transmits the raw data to the external reader. The focus of this project was on the hardware- and software development of the force measuring device and the software development for the external reader. To develop and verify the algorithms, as well as the entire system concept, the CC1352R1 Launchpad from Texas Instruments was used. The first results have indicated that the developed hardware and software of the force measuring device performs as expected. Also, important conclusions were drawn for both the force measuring device and the external reader. E.g., the force measuring device should fit the required physical dimension of the hoof sole, and the algorithms of the external reader should be improved in terms of data flow and memory usage. To conclude, the project is a challenging application making use of modern wireless sensor technology and printed electronics.