Depuis l’instauration de la décentralisation en France, au milieu des années 1980, les élus régionaux ont amené les Régions à s’impliquer résolument dans un domaine, le sport, sur lequel les textes législatifs sont restés muets. Ainsi, on les voit apparaître et se déterminer précisément au cours de trois grandes périodes que l’on peut situer approximativement entre 1986 et 1998, 1998 et 2004 et de 2004 à nos jours. Au cours de ces trente années, les Régions s’affranchissent des autres acteurs, prennent des initiatives originales au regard de leurs compétences et finalement élaborent des politiques volontaristes, qui peu à peu imposent les Régions dans le paysage sportif français comme des acteurs majeurs incontournables.Ce long cheminement des Régions vers de véritables politiques sportives est présenté ici en trois parties chronologiques. Elles constituent la trame des activités de recherche d’un agent territorial engagé, observateur attentif de leur processus de construction. En l’illustrant de l’action de la Région Limousin, il fournit ainsi un éclairage particulier sur la plus-value que les Régions ont apporté aux politiques publiques du sport pour répondre aux enjeux du développement de leur territoire et sur la façon dont elles abordent la nécessaire mutation du système sportif français. / Since the institution of the decentralization in France, in the middle of 1980s, the regional elected representatives brought Regions to get involved resolutely in a domain, a sport, on which the legislative texts remained dumb. So, we see them appearing and being exactly determined during three big periods which we can place approximately between 1986 and1998, 1998 and on 2004 and of 2004 at today. During these thirty years, Regions free themselves from other actors, take original initiatives with regard to their skills and finally develop voluntarism politics, which little by little impose Regions in the sports landscape French as the inescapable actors.This long progress of Regions towards real sports policies is presented here in three chronological parties. They constitute the weft of the activities of search for a committed territorial agent, an attentive observer of their process of construction. By illustrating with the action of the Region Limousin, he so gives a particular perspective on the capital increase in value which Regions brought to the public policies of the sport to answer the stakes in the development of their territory and on the way they approach the necessary transformation of the French sports system

This study was made in collaboration between Umeå University and Västerbotten sports federation. The study was aimed to find out how the municipalities are working with various issues in the sports field. A subject of interest for this study was to see if the municipalities were implementing strategies in the sports field on determined goals by using policy documents. Our study focused mostly on kids and youth that participate in organized sports in Västerbotten. Other aspects of interest in the study were economics in sports, how youth sports should be organized, and segregation in sports due to financial factors. The study was based on seven interviews in four different municipalities in Västerbotten. The result of the study showed a lack of working with determined goals in the sports field. Other clinical findings in the study were that in youth’s opportunities to participate in organized sport became a threat due to increasing costs; this may also increase segregation within the society. We also found that municipalities were interested in practicing a youth sports organization that would offer sports to a wide population. During our discussions with politicians and workers in the municipalities we saw a desire to start working in a more goal oriented way.

Title: Comparison of sport clubs in Radotin and Zbraslav Targets: This thesis aims at producing an overview of the sport associations in Prague's district no. 16, namely in Radotin and Zbraslav. The thesis is to compare the differences in ensuring and carrying on sports activities within the association sphere in the given areas. Methods: For the purposes of the thesis the following methods have been used, namely a structured nonstandard interview, descriptive analysis and comparison. Results: It follows from the thesis that the associations based in Radotin do, indeed, function better that those situated in Zbraslav. That is especially true as regards their price policy, financing by way of subsidies, coaching stuff, organising of sports events as well as the cooperation with the public. On the contrary, Zbraslav associations have developed better cooperation with schools. Sport clubs in Zbraslav are more focused only on children and youth. In contrast, the Radotín sports clubs are trying to involve in its work all ages. For the purpose of presenting the sports overview we have created systematisation of sports facilities, database of contacts of executive directors of associations and comparative table of certain Radotin and Zbraslav sport associations. Key words: association, the articles of...

Die intensive Auswertung unterschiedlicher schriftlicher und mündlicher Quellen sowie die Erschließung von damals "geheimer" Literatur für die Forschung heute ermöglicht eine differenzierte Rekonstruktion historischer Abläufe. Die vorliegende Arbeit nutzt diesen Zugang zur Darstellung von kleineren und größeren DDR-internen sportpolitischen Strukturwandlungen der 1960er und 1970er Jahre, die ihren Höhepunkt in einer dramatischen Umsteuerung des DDR-Hochleistungssports fanden.<br /> Es wird gezeigt, wie die Akteure unter Führung von Manfred EWALD, gewähltem Mitglied des SED-Zentralkomitees, einer Zentralfigur des DDR-Sports (vergleichbar mit der Bedeutung eines Willi DAUME im Westen) zwischen Systemzwängen und individueller Handlungsfreiheit innerhalb des Rahmens einer Diktatur in der Phase des Wechsels von Walter ULBRICHT zu Erich HONECKER eine Effektivierung des zentralistischen Modells durchsetzten (eine Parallele zum Ansatz von Monika KAISER).<br /> Im Gegensatz zu vielen kontroversen Erklärungsmodellen belegt der Verf., dass die Medaillenerfolge durch die zentrale Steuerung aller Abläufe gewährleistet wurden. Ohne SED-Auftrag wurde 1967 die "Leistungssportkommission der DDR" (LSK der DDR) gebildet. <br /> Im Unterschied zu den zahlreichen vom Verf. erstmals dargestellten Vorgängermodellen war diese SED-LSK "oberhalb des DTSB" angesiedelt und erteilte ihm Parteiaufträge - die Unterordnung des organisierten Sports unter die Autorität des Zentralkomitee machte angesichts der "Nationalen Fronten" von Armeesportvereinigung "Vorwärts" und Sportvereinigung "Dynamo" (SPITZER) jegliche zentrale Sportpolitik erst durchsetzbar.<br /> Zur "LSK der DDR" waren SED-Mitglieder abgeordnet, welche ihr Sachgebiet vertraten und nach gemeinsamer Beschlussfassung die Ergebnisse der LSK-Arbeit wiederum in ihrem jeweiligen Tätigkeitsfeld durchzusetzen hatten, was in der Diss. ausgeführt wird. Sportvertreter ebenso wie hochrangige Abgesandte der Ministerien, die mit der Produktion von Gütern für den Hochleistungssport befasst waren, gehörten den LSK-Gremien an, die auch die DDR-Sportwissenschaft steuerten; es lässt sich sogar nachweisen, dass die Herrschaft über diesen wichtigen Apparat sowie die Dopingforschung ein Hauptmotiv der LSK-Bildung gewesen ist.<br /> <br /> Durch seine Quellenorientierung und die Fülle an Belegen gibt die vorliegende Arbeit neue Anreize zur Auseinandersetzung mit dem Phänomen der Steuerung des Hochleistungssports in der DDR - auch über den Untersuchungszeitraum hinaus. <br /> Die Untersuchung wurde von der Humanwissenschaftlichen Fakultät der Universität Potsdam als Dissertation angenommen. Sie geht auf ein Stipendium dieser Universität zurück; das Verfahren konnte mit einem Prädikat abgeschlossen werden. Gutachter waren Prof. Dr. Dr. Gertrud PFISTER, Kopenhagen, Prof. Dr. Christoph KLEßMANN, Potsdam, und der Betreuer, Steady Visiting Prof. Univ. Odense, Priv.-Doz. Dr. habil. Giselher SPITZER, Berlin / Potsdam / Odense (Dänemark). / The guaranteed provision of material support for the athletes used to be a precondition for success in sports: 'Competitive sports under the conditions of the GDR' - thus the source material on this early model of professional sports. The author reveals both illegal (according to the IOC regulations) payments and a new drive towards success-oriented payments at least for the coaches. The latter trend was already the result of a dramatic change in competitive sports in the GDR. Today, a thorough analysis of contemporary documents, oral testimony, and formerly classified literature allows a more nuanced reconstruction of the historical events and processes. This work shows how the organisers of GDR sports, led by Manfred EWALD (EWALD was an elected member of the SED Central Committee and a central figure in the GDR sports scene. He might be characterised as the opposite number of Willi DAUME in the FRG.) succeeded with establishing a more efficient centralistic model (here, there is a parallel with Monika KAISER's approach). Despite the constraints of the system, they brought about his change at a time of political transition from Walter ULBRICHT to Erich HONECKER. <br /> In contrast to many other, controversial interpretations, the author argues that the athletic successes originated in the central organisation of GDR sports. In 1967, the 'Competitive Sports Commission of the GDR' (LSK) was established without explicit orders from the SED. In contrast to numerous older models, which the author has discovered, this new model was positioned 'above the DTSB' and gave party orders to the DTSB - the subordination of organised sports to the authority of the Central Committee allowed the implementation of a central sports policy. Given the 'National Fronts' of the Army Sports Club Vorwärts and the Sports Club Dynamo (SPITZER), this was an especially difficult task. The LSK was composed of members of the SED. After reaching an agreement on certain issues, every member had to implement the agreed policy in his or her specific field of activity, as this dissertation shows. The LSK subcommittees consisted of representatives of the sports as well as high-ranking representatives of those ministries which supervised the production of goods needed in competitive sports. It can be demonstrated, that control over this important body as well as the doping research was an important factor in the establishment of the LSK. <br /> <br /> The work on 'Changes in the control of competitive sports in the GDR in the 1960s and 1970s', brought the awarded degree of Doctor of Philosophy with distinction by the faculty of arts of the University of Potsdam to the author. The research was sponsored by the University of Potsdam. The degree committee consisted of Professor Gertrud PFISTER (Kopenhagen), Professor Christoph KLEßMANN (Potsdam), and the dissertation supervisor, Privatdozent Dr Giselher SPITZER (Berlin, Potsdam, Odense (Denmark)).