Title: Evaluation of dynamic postural stability of basketball players Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to evaluate and compare the level of dynamic postural stability between basketball league players and healthy population, who don't do any regular physical activity, using dynamic computer posturography named NeuroCom Smart EquiTest System. Another aim of this study is to objectively assess differences in postural stability between males and females or depending on history of previous injury of ankle joint. Methods: This quantitative observational cross-sectional study involved 64 probands between the ages of 19-29 years. The experimental group consisted of basketball players (n1 = 24) and control group of non-athletes (n2 = 40). Each group was divided into two halves of men and women. NeuroCom Smart EquiTest System was chosen for objective measure of dynamic postural stability, which was held at the Laboratory of applied kinesiology of Charles University, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. Following five protocols were chosen from the test battery: Sensory Organization Test, Motor Control Test, Limits of Stability, Adaptation Test and Unilateral Stance. Then the measured data were processed by NeuroCom Balance Manager Software and for statistical analysis these statistical...

Bakgrund: Fotledsdistorsioner är en vanligt förekommande skada och en icke adekvat behandlad fotledsdistorsion kan leda till långvariga besvär. I Sverige är det oklart hur det fysioterapeutiska omhändertagandet för fotledsdistorsioner ser ut. Det finns inte heller några svenska/regionala riktlinjer över vilka åtgärder som bör användas av fysioterapeuter. Det finns tidigare forskning som visar skillnader i patientnöjdhet mellan privata och offentliga vårdcentraler i Sverige men det råder bristande forskning kring skillnader i fysioterapeutiska omhändertagandet av fotledsdistorsioner.  Syfte: Syftet med denna studie var att kartlägga förekomst och frekvens av de fysioterapeutiska åtgärder som användes i den subakuta fasen för fotledsdistorsion av fysioterapeuter på vårdcentraler i Sverige. Syftet var dessutom att undersöka om det fanns skillnader i vilka åtgärder som användes mellan privat och offentligt anställda fysioterapeuter.  Metod: Studien var en kvantitativ studie med deskriptiv och komparativ design. Datainsamlingen gjordes med en egenkonstruerad enkät som skickades ut i Facebookgruppen “Fysioterapeuternas framtidsgrupp” och besvarades av 83 deltagare. Skillnader mellan privata och offentliga vårdcentraler analyserades med Mann-Whitney U-test.  Resultat: Sammantaget användes 18 olika fysioterapeutiska åtgärder vid fotledsdistorsioner i subakut fas på vårdcentraler i Sverige. De mest frekvent använda åtgärderna var styrketräning i form av grundläggande övningar (exempelvis tåhävningar), rörlighetsträning i form av aktiva rörelser samt neuromuskulär träning i form av balansövningar. Studiens resultat visade ingen signifikant skillnad mellan vilka åtgärder som användes på privata och offentliga vårdcentraler i Sverige. / Background: Ankle sprains are a commonly encountered sport injury and without proper treatment, ankle sprains can cause long-lasting complaints. So far, there has been a lack of clarification of what physiotherapeutic interventions that Swedish physical therapists utilize to treat ankle sprains. Furthermore, there are currently no national or regional guidelines for physical therapists to follow. Recent studies have shown differences in patient satisfaction levels between private and public primary care centers (PCC) but limited research has been conducted on the specific interventions physical therapists provide to patients with ankle sprains.  Objective: The purpose of this study was to survey the occurrence and frequency of the physiotherapeutic interventions utilized by physical therapists to treat ankle sprains during the subacute phase in Swedish PCC. It was also investigated what differences exist between the treatments chosen by physical therapists in private versus public PCC. Design: A quantitative study with descriptive and comparative design. The data collection was conducted using a self-constructed questionnaire, which was posted in the Facebook group “Fysioterapeuternas framtidsgrupp” and was completed by 83 physical therapists. The differences between public and private PCC were analyzed by Mann Whitney U test.  Results: Overall, 18 different physiotherapeutic interventions were utilized for subacute ankle sprains in Swedish PCC. Basic strength training (for instance, toe raises), active range of motion exercises and neuromuscular balance exercises were the most frequently utilized interventions among physical therapists. No significant difference was found in the occurrence and frequency of physiotherapeutic interventions in public and private PCC.

The ankle sprain is a common injury in basketball. A mechanism for this injury occurs when landing improperly from a jump. The concept of wedge and flare designs in shoes is (1) to offer benefit in reducing the potential for an ankle sprain while (2) not hindering performance or usability concerning basketball movements that are needed for successful play. The purpose was to take conceptual designs of the wedge and flare through an iterative design process. Therefore, the objectives were to fabricate shoe prototypes with these conceptual designs, to test the performance of these prototypes, and to develop the next iteration of design based upon the results of testing. The results of this design process are discussed.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-12T17:32:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guilherme Silva Nunes RESUMO.pdf: 72349 bytes, checksum: 93fe7644276204a05a8950e76b72b6cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07-15 / Introdução: Alguns estudos já foram realizados com a finalidade de detectar alterações causadas pelas entorses de tornozelo. Estes estudos indicam que indivíduos com instabilidade funcional de tornozelo (IFT) podem apresentar principalmente déficits no senso de posição articular e controle postural. Objetivo: verificar a existência de diferenças nos ajustes de movimento durante a preparação para saltos entre indivíduos com IFT e indivíduos saudáveis. Método: Sessenta indivíduos (30 homens e 30 mulheres), com idade média de 23,0 ± 3,0 anos, participaram do estudo. Estes formaram dois grupos: um grupo com indivíduos que apresentavam IFT (n = 30) e um grupo com indivíduos saudáveis (n = 30). Foram avaliadas a variabilidade das amplitudes de movimento (ADM) do tornozelo nos movimentos de inversão/eversão e flexão dorsal/plantar, além da variabilidade do comportamento do centro de pressão nas direções ântero-posterior e médio-lateral em um período de cinco segundos imediatamente anterior ao início de saltos verticais unipodais e saltos a partir de um degrau de 15 cm de altura também unipodais. As variáveis de ADM e de equilíbrio também foram analisadas durante a manutenção do apoio unipodal pelo mesmo período de cinco segundos. Resultados: Não foram observadas diferenças significantes para nenhuma das variáveis nos testes aplicados entre os grupos. Conclusão: Os resultados do presente estudo sugerem que não há diferenças nos ajustes de movimentos preparatórios para a realização de saltos entre indivíduos com IFT e indivíduos saudáveis.

L’Instabilité Chronique de la Cheville (ICC) est une possible complication fonctionnelle consécutive à une entorse collatérale latérale et est définie par une sensation de « giving way » décrite subjectivement, qui correspond au dérobement de la cheville pendant sa mise en charge. Afin de mieux caractériser l’ICC, il est important de pouvoir proposer des mesures objectives. Ce travail a pour objectif d’évaluer de manière globale, au cours de diverses tâches, les différents mécanismes impliqués dans l’ICC, et ce, en comparant la motricité de sujets asymptomatiques et de personnes souffrant de cette pathologie.Les résultats de ce travail mettent en évidence plusieurs mécanismes caractéristiques qui témoignent d’une augmentation du risque d’entorses et d’instabilités latérales. Ces mécanismes affectent le contrôle postural des personnes se plaignant d’une ICC et résultent d’une altération du système proprioceptif, utile dans la régulation des mouvements et des positions des différents segments, ainsi que du système musculaire, générateur de force et stabilisateur de la cheville. Des adaptations centrales illustrant une stratégie visant à protéger la cheville des contraintes éventuellement traumatiques sont également suggérées par les résultats.Les tests mis en place dans ce travail peuvent fournir aux thérapeutes des informations objectives sur l’ICC. L’efficacité de ces tests pour caractériser cette pathologie a été démontrée, mais ceux-ci pourraient également être utilisés comme diagnostic initial et final lors d’une prise en charge rééducative. Ces nouvelles informations pourront effectivement compléter celles concernant l’historique du patient et permettraient ainsi d’apporter une dimension objective à la caractérisation d’une pathologie initialement décrite subjectivement. / Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is a possible functional complication consecutive to a lateral ankle sprain and is defined by a feeling of ankle “giving way”, subjectively described, which corresponds to a flinch of this joint during its loading. In order to improve CAI characterization, it is important to submit objectives measures.The objective of this work is to globally assess the different mechanisms involved in CAI, during several functional tasks. A comparison between asymptomatic subjects and subjects with CAI is made about functional abilities.Results highlight several characteristic mechanisms that attest of an increase of ankle sprain and lateral instabilities risks. These mechanisms affect postural control of people complaining CAI, and result in an alteration of proprioceptive system, useful in movement and positioning regulation of body segments, and an alteration of muscular system, which generates force and stabilizes the ankle joint. Central adaptations illustrating a protective strategy against prospective traumatic movements are also suggested by the results.Tests used in this work can provide objective information about CAI to the therapists. Efficiency of these tests to characterize CAI is demonstrated, but they could also be used as an initial or final diagnostic during a rehabilitation program. Indeed, these new information can complete the patient historic and could adduce an objective regard to the characterization of a pathology initially described subjectively by the patient.

The first aim of this master thesis was to summarize the information on injuries of ligamentous apparatus of an ankle, lateral instability of a talar joint, conservative and operative therapy of these injuries with the emphasis on physiotherapeutical procedures in the therapy of ankle sprains. The second aim of the master thesis was to introduce surface electromyography as a possibility to examine objectively the differences in the activation of foot and shank muscles with healthy people and people with chronic instability of an ankle in different postural situations. The third aim was to use the theoretical knowledge in practice with patients who have sprained their ankle and to make a subjective and objective assessment of the therapy effect which is in progress. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)