The main purpose of this research is to investigate the job satisfaction for Personnel staffs of courts in R.O.C. Also, this research is to compare with the degree of influence of the personnel staffs¡¦ job satisfaction on different background variables. Personnel staffs¡¦ personal background is defined as independent variables and job satisfaction for Personnel staffs is defined as dependent variables. And independent variables are divided into two parts, personal characters and job characters. Personal characters are included such as sex, age, education level, marriage and job characters are included such as degrees of courts, level of courts, seniority, position, and grade. Dependent variables include job itself, salary, promotion and assess , supervisor¡¦s leadership style , human relationship ,working environment, and social status. A questionnaire survey on job satisfaction for Personnel staffs of courts in R.O.C. is conducted by a well-developed "Questionnaire of job satisfaction for Personnel staffs of courts in R.O.C," through cluster sampling. The survey data was then dealt and analyzed by statistical methods, such as descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and the Scheffe¡¦s approach afterward. The results of the research are listed as follows¡G 1. In overall aspect, the job satisfaction of personnel staffs in of courts in R.O.C is satisfied. 2. In each aspect, personnel staffs have fair job satisfaction regarding to human relationship, supervisor¡¦s leadership style, working environment, social status, salary, job itself. On the other hand, personnel staffs have lowest job satisfaction regarding to promotion. 3.In personal characters, there is significant difference among sex, education level, marriage, and there is no significant difference among age. 4. In job characters, there is significant difference among degrees of courts, level of courts, position, and there is no significant difference among seniority and grade. Finally, provide suggestions to higher authorities by the result of this research.

Beneficiarii consularis were members of the military staffs attached to Roman provincial governors of the Principate, and are well attested epigraph!cally, both at provincial capitals and at outposts along major roads and frontiers of the Western military provinces. They were usually experienced legionaries approaching retirement. and were of senior principalis rank. Each legion in a province provided the governor with (probably) sixty men of this rank. The governor's staff (the officium consularis) assisted the governor in ail his duties, administrative, judicial and military, and the beneficiarii were employed in a variety of roles, appearing in the sources as arresting officers, messengers, servants to the governor and general assistants. To indicate their status as officiales of the governor, they carried a decorated lance-symbol when operating away from the officium. In Britain and the two German provinces they were evidently outposted, apparently for periods of six months at a time, along the roads linking the provincial capitals with the frontiers, with neighbouring provinces, and with Rome, in contrast with the other Western provinces where, for the most part, no such stationes are attested. The stationes have usually been regarded as police posts for the protection of the roads, but this seems unlikely. Although a few stationes fall outside the general pattern and can perhaps be associated with the control of imperial estates, the majority are to be linked with frontier defence. Since the main network of stationes, both in the Germanies and in the rest of Europe first appears in the 160's, they may be seen as a response to the Chattan and Marcomannic attacks. The evidence is consistent with the interpretation of the stationes as relays for the improvement of military communications, those on the frontiers perhaps having an additional role in the coordination of military intelligence-gathering.

This study aimed to examine the perceptions of nursing staffs on the environmental conditions in their senior care centers in Kaohsiung City. Two hundred and twenty three female nursing staffs in nursing care centers participated in this study. A Self-reported questionnaire comprised 18 items was administrated in person to the participants. Results showed that nursing staffs have high satisfaction on the quality and techniques of their services. But they rated low scores on the philosophies of the company. It showed that they did not satisfy with the management of the company. In the end, I provided several suggestions to the senior care centers based on the results in this study.

When all available sources on the Viking world are combined, there is a strong sense that the Scandinavians of the late Iron Age (8th-11th centuries AD) recognised no clear distinctions between the profane and the sacred. The latter could manifest itself in different ways, in places, beings or objects, and it often aroused ambivalent feelings of both fear and awe. This thesis explores these entanglements and the notion of ambivalence in relation to a particular group of Viking-Age individuals involved in the practice of magic (e.g. seiðr). Chapters 1-3 form the background for the considerations on ritual specialists' lives, tools of trade and ways of burial. After a detailed review of Viking-Age funerary practices, focus shifts towards the corpus of so-called ‘deviant burials', which in recent years have often been interpreted as belonging to ritual specialists. Chapter 4 compares the written and archaeological evidence for the funerary treatment of ritual specialists. Particular attention is devoted to graves where the deceased are covered with stones, since in the written sources execution by stoning is often employed as a punishment for malevolent magic. Nonetheless, caution is suggested in labeling all of them as belonging to ritual specialists and the necessity of a more individual, contextual approach is proposed. Chapter 5 examines a specific group of Viking-Age artefacts that usually take the form of iron rods, which have recently been interpreted as magic staffs. These items are discussed in the light of Old Norse texts and comparative materials from other areas of the world. Ultimately, the thesis embraces the notion of ambiguity in Viking attitudes to the supernatural, viewing this not as an obstructive problem but as an active component of interpretation. This combines an appropriate caution in approaching a difficult aspect of past societies, with a sensible refusal to introduce more rigid definitions than those used by the Vikings themselves.

The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which a novel assistive device improved two dimensional base of support (BOS) as compared to unassisted walking. Telescoping walking poles (T poles) are designed to allow a gait pattern more closely resembling unassisted gait and provide enhanced stability. Nine healthy male and female subjects who had no recent lower extremity pathology or surgery and were between the ages of 59 and 78 were recruited from the community to participate. Subjects were instructed to use the T poles in a consistent manner and were monitored through weekly supervised training sessions. At the conclusion of the study, motion analysis was performed using video collected from six cameras. Subjects were adorned with reflective markers on the toe and heel of their shoes as well as the tips of the T poles. These markers were used to define the BOS. Two dimensional analyses revealed a significant increase in base of support, an average of 316% over the entire gait cycle as well as 531% at heel strike and 126 % at toe off with the T poles. These results support the T poles as an effective intervention in enhancing stability in an elderly population of recreational walkers. / School of Physical Education

Thesis PlanB (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references.

Abstract: This essay is a comparative study conducted on several iron staffs and a few staffs made of wood believed to be either roasting spits, measurement rods or staffs of sorcery. The aim of the study is to distinguish if all the staffs can be perceived as staffs of sorcery or which of them should not be considered as such. Also if there is a standard type of staffs of sorcery. Furthermore the study will also contain the question, if the ritual specialization of “volur” could be a role in which an ordinary matron would be able to perform as. Another question is if the Sami shamanism share features with the Nordic ritual of “seidr”, if so, is there reason to believe the staffs also might share features with shamanism.

The aim of the study was to examine individual staff experience and management of threats and violence in the acute psychiatric department for children and teenagers in Uppsala. Previous research shows that the experience of threats and/or violence is individual, and that it is difficult to distinguish between these concepts. Research shows that it is particularly vulnerable to work in psychiatry when mental illness is a cause when threats and violence occurs. Threats and violence can result in different consequences for the individual. The study is based on qualitative interviews and the material was collected in the autumn of 2012 at Akademiska sjukhuset. The qualitative interviews was transcribed and carefully analyzed. The result had an outcome in four different themes: The diffuse definition between threats and violence that showed how difficult it is to define threats and violence. Causes and staff reaction showed that mental illness, how you treat someone and compulsive cares are contributing factors to threats and violence occurs. This theme also shows ambivalence within the staff, that the behavior is unacceptable meanwhile he or she is mentally ill. Management and reporting showed that the staff has different coping strategies when they deal with threats and violence and that it is different how functional the reporting is. The theme working environment showed that it is a vulnerable environment to work in. Therefore, it is important to get support from colleagues and managers but the staff has different opinions whether they feel supported from managers. There is a need to develop routines for incidents when threats and/or violence have occurred. / Syftet med studien var att undersöka personalens enskilda upplevelse och hantering av hot och våld på Barn- och ungdomspsykiatrins (BUP) akutmottagning i Uppsala. Tidigare forskning visar att det är individuellt hur man upplever hot och våld samt att det är svårt att hålla isär dessa begrepp. Forskning visar även att det innebär en särskilt utsatthet att arbeta inom psykiatrin, då psykiska sjukdomar är en bakomliggande faktor till att hot och våld uppstår. Att bli utsatt för hot och våld kan resultera i olika konsekvenser för den enskilde. Studien baseras på kvalitativa intervjuer och materialet samlades in hösten 2012 på BUP på Akademiska sjukhuset. De kvalitativa intervjuerna transkriberades och analyserades noggrant. Resultatet utmynnade i fyra teman: Den diffusa gränsen mellan hot och våld som visade hur svårdefinierat hot och våld är samt var gränsen mellan dessa går. Orsaker och personalens reaktion tog upp att psykiska sjukdomar, bemötande och tvångsvård är bidragande faktorer till att hot och våld uppstår. I en hot- och/eller våldshändelse uppstår en reaktion hos personal, en ambivalens mellan att personen är psykiskt labil och att beteendet är oacceptabelt.  BUP akutens hantering och rapportering visade att personalen har olika copingstrategier när de ska hantera en hot och/eller våldssituation samt att det är olika hur rapporteringen av dessa situationer fungerar. Det sista temat Arbetsmiljön visade att det är en utsatt miljö att arbeta i och att det är viktigt att få stöd i arbetet, men huruvida personalen upplever att de får stöd ser olika ut. Det finns ett behov för att utveckla rutiner kring samtal efter en hot- och/eller våldshändelse.

The nursing staffs play an extraordinary important role of looking after the patients in the medical service. However, short of nursing staffs in the last couple of years in Taiwan, is a very serious problem, which leads both of the medical service environment and the clinical nursing into a difficult position. The outflow of nursing personnel is an international issue. Therefore, how to keep their nursing staff is the primary job for each hospital. If we can know the factors of the fluctuation before layoff, we can improve and change them to reduce, or even prevent the layoff. The main purpose of this study is to find the decisive factors of the nursing staffs turnover intention , why they want to quit their job. This research picks the questionnaire survey. And the survey object is the non-manager nursing staffs in a medical center in Kaohsiung city. To reduce the influences of the common method variation (CMV), we collect the samples with the method of two-wave bands. We have selected 545 persons altogether to fill the questionnaire, and 358 persons have completed effectively the two questionnaires. The final effective returns-ration is 65,7%. We have analyzed the returned questionnaires by the SPSS17 edition of statistics software, and have confirmed the supposition by the mean value, the standard deviation, the t-test, the one-way ANOVA, the Pierson correlation analysis and the hierarchical regression analysis. In view of the influence factors of the turnover intention for the nursing staffs: self-efficacy, organizational commitment, job stress, job satisfaction and burnout ...ect. We have confirmed the results by the statistical analysis as follows: 1. Self-efficacy natively affects on turnover intention. 2. There is relationship between organization commitment and turnover intention (Affective commitment and continuance commitment natively affects on turnover intention¡FNormative commitment positively affects on turnover intention). 3. There is relationship between job stress and turnover intention (Job demand positively affects on turnover intention). 4. Job satisfaction natively affects on turnover intention. 5. There is relationship between burnout and turnover intention (Emotional exhaustion positively affects on turnover intention). 6. There is remarkable difference between the nursing staffs¡¦ age and turnover intention. There is remarkable difference between the nursing staffs¡¦ work change and turnover intention. 7. The organization commitment is the determinants of the nursing staffs¡¦ turnover intention. 8. Self-efficacy, organization commitment, job stress, job satisfaction and burnout are related to one another.

This thesis aims to explore the various forms of healing magic; seiðr, galdr, and herbal medicine, of the Late Scandinavian Iron Age. I aim to analyse how magic can be found in the medicinal empirical material, who used these objects, and, on whom. The analysis is limited to physical sickness and what caused said diseases. The empirical material is limited to objects of clear magical medicinal use in order to dive deeper into the analysis of how the magic can be found, why, and who used said object or herb. Magic and medicine are two sides of the same coin and have walked hand in hand all through history. In fact, the two are so deeply ingrained in each other that medicinal practices were long thought to derive from magic. The empirical material and theoretical framework in this analysis reflect that belief. I developed my own theoretical framework expanding from existing theories by building on cognitive approaches to shed new light on magic as a means to manipulate this world with powers deriving from another. This framework will help with addressing hitherto unexplored aspects of magical medicine in the Late Iron Age Scandinavia. / Syftet med denna uppsats är att utforska de olika former av läkemagi; seiðr, galdr, och herbal medicin under sen-Skandinavisk järnålder. Jag försöker analysera hur magi kan hittas i det medicinska empiriska materialet, vem som använde dessa och mot vem. Analysen är begränsad till fysiska sjukdommar och vad som orsakade dessa. Det empiriska materialet har begränsats till material som har tydliga magiska medicinska egenskaper för att kunna djupdyka i hur magi kan finnas, av vem och varför detta objekt eller ört användes. Magi och medicin är två sidor av samma mynt och har gått hand i hand genom hela historien. De två principerna är så djupt inrotade i varandra att medicinsk praxis har länge antagits härstamma från magi. Det empiriska materialet och det teoretiska ramverket reflekterar denna tro. Eftersom inget existerande teoretiskt ramverk kan helt svara på de frågor jag ställt inför denna analys har jag valt att uteckla ett nytt ramverk som bygger på kognitiv evolutions teori och magi som ett sätt att manipulera världen med krafter från en annan. Denna teori kommer hjälpa med att tilltala hittils outforskade aspekter av magisk medicin under den sen-Skandinaviska järnåldern.