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Denna uppsats handlar om strategiska narrativ – strategi i narrativ form. Uppsatsen belyser genom en jämförande studie, hur två tidpunkters svenska strategiska narrativ, utformas och förändras i relation till omfattande omvärlds- och hotbildsförändringar. Uppsatsen avhandlar således strategi i allmänhet och i synnerhet den styrande elitens förmåga att hantera extern hotbild och möjligheter med tillgängliga resurser, och officiellt kommunicera detta. Då de strategiska narrativen som undersöks, kommuniceras av den svenska styrande eliten, utgörs det empiriska materialet av officiella dokument. Oaktat att narrativet kan betraktats som ett medel för övertalning, så är det i denna uppsats dess innehåll och utformning som skall undersökas. Inte dess kvalité och effekt som mjuk makt, även om detta berörs implicit.     Uppsatsen tar sin utgångspunkt i ett utsnitt av modern narrativ teori, i syfte att säkerställa kvalité när narrativens utformning undersöks. Framstående teori framhåller vidare vikten av att konstruera narrativ med en inneboende flexibilitet för att vid behov medge justering, ett perspektiv som är synnerligen värdefullt för denna studie.   Resultatet indikerar en möjlig förändringströghet. Möjligen till följd av ett slags strutsbeteende varvid aktuell omvärldsutveckling, i båda fallen har exkluderats på grund av att tillräcklig narrativ flexibilitet saknats, vilket i slutändan kräver narrativ omformulering, snarare än justering. Resultatet i ett vidare perspektiv understryker vikten av objektiv omvärldsbevakning.

Kandidatarbetet undersöker torg och orsakerna till dess olika användningar ur ett socio-rumsligt tillvägagångssätt, det vill säga förhållandet mellan människan och den fysiska miljön. I detta arbete kommer de två valda torgen, Medborgarplatsen och Sergels torg undersökas och analyseras för att finna komponenter som kan vara en del av förklaringen till dess olika användning. Genom arbetet kommer det tas fram olika begrepp och delar som anses vara viktiga för hur ett torg fungerar och påverkar de som väljer att besöka platsen. I slutsatsen har det samanställts viktiga komponenter. Komponenter som tas upp är bland annat utformingen, platsens tillgänglighet, om torget bjuder in till aktivitetet eller hindrar andra aktiviteter och hur torget uppfattas av dess användare. Dessa utgör tillsammans en betydande roll för hur platserna kommer användas av dess besökare. Vidare diskteras effekterna av torgens komponenter och dess potentiella effekter på de människor som väljer att besöka platserna.

This study is about the decision-making processes in Sweden and Finland related to European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), which is a part of the European Union cohesion policy. We have studied how two variants of decision-making processes differ in terms of efficiency and outcome. The two variants of decision-making we have analyzed is the swedish process with politicians as decision makers, and the finnish process with public officials as decision makers. In our study we have used three indicators set by the European Commission to measure how well Sweden and Finland meet their target for the operating program of 2006-2013. The indicators used are as follows: new jobs, numbers of start-ups supported and number of research and technological development". To measure these indicators we have used data from the European Commission. Our main conclusion is that there is a difference in outcome and efficiency depending on the decision-making process. In this project, where Sweden and Finland was compared to each other, Sweden with the more democratic legitimized process showed better outcome compared to Finland with the technocratic process.

The actualization of fake news in the media has led to a widespread debate concerning the trust and mistrust of different news medias and their content. What differences in individual trust can be traced when analyzing the Swedish people’s attitudes regarding media? Lots of researchers have presented different theories to explain why political trust differ. This study on the other hand has the ambition to analyze whether media trust has a significant effect on political trust. Regarding the upcoming general election in Sweden the autumn of 2018, the connection between media trust and political trust is a current and interesting subject. Especially concidering the knowledge that democracy and how it works is dependent on political trust. This study analyses the relationship between media trust and political trust and concludes that the phenomena has a strong positive correlation that is also growing stronger over time. Additionally, the study brings out media trust as a strong factor for political trust in comparison to other established theories about how political trust can be explained.

The main purpose of this paper is to understand if an equal descriptive representation of women and men in Örebro and Västerås city councils results in equal participation in political debates. The papers purpose is also to study if women in Örebro and Västerås city councils engage in debates more frequently when questions concerning welfare are debated. According to some theories and previous research women in politics tend to participate less than men in debates on the political arena. Previous studies made in the 1980s suggests that women although in quite high numbers in city councils were relatively silent compared to men. Other theories suggests that women representation needs to reach a critical mass to have an impact on womens participation. There is also previous research that suggests that women in an higher degree than men participate in debates concerning welfare questions. Our aim is to apply this on our two cases, which are Örebro city council and Västerås city council. In order for us to do this we collected 3 time reports from previous meetings of each council and calculated the time the women and the men participated during the meetings to see if gender played a role in the participacion. For the second part of the study we observed two video recordings of council meetings, one from each council in order to determine if women according to the theories participated in greater numbers when welfare questions were discussed. Our result is that women and men according to our samples and variables generally participates in an equal degree during the council meetings. Small variations are to be found but in general the differences are insignificant in this paper. On the question if women participated in greater number than men when welfare questions were debated we can not agree with the theories because the men participated more in Örebro, and almost equally as much in Västerås when welfare questions were discussed.

The trend of urbanization has been going on for more than a century and city planning has always been a big part of planning theory. In the debate of how urban planning should be conducted there is a long history of what makes up a sustainable city, which started as early as in the end of the nineteenth century. There are many theories and debates about what is the most sustainable urban form and there are also diverse opinions about the different conflicts surrounding sustainability and how to deal with these conflicts. The purpose of this thesis is to research what urban form is promoted in Örebro municipality and what sustainability conflicts are connected to the municipality’s urban form. The purpose is also to research how these conflicts are dealt with. The research questions for this thesis are 1) What urban form is primarily promoted in Örebro municipality? 2) What sustainability conflicts are connected to this urban form in Örebro municipality? and 3) How are these sustainability conflicts dealt with? The research design in this thesis is a case study and there are two methods used in this thesis. First, a qualitative text analysis to answer the first and second question. The text analysis is complemented by interviews on the first and the second question, and on the third question the method used was only interviews. The material consisted of policy documents in Örebro municipality and of interviews with politicians and planners with different functions. The conclusions of the thesis are that the most promoted urban form in Örebro municipality is the compact city, through densification. Within this urban form there are many sustainability conflicts, in different areas of sustainable urban planning.  The conflicts of sustainability are dealt with mainly through incremental planning, but with a cooperation of rational planning. This can also be connected to a larger discourse about freedom of choice and the limits to growth.

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