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The present paper attempts to delve into the underexplored field of cyber crisis management, by initiating an academic problematization on crisis conceptualization and crisis management theory. It uses the theoretical framework of transboundary crisis management in order to examine two different major cyber attacks, the 2017 WannaCry ransomware attack and the 2016 hacking of the DNC, and answer an empirical puzzle: why are these cases not characterized as crises even though they fit already existing definitions? The study concludes that this grey area in terminology is generated by an academic reluctance to delve into the cyber domain and consequently by using old concepts to explain new threats. Moreover, it contributes to the theory of transboundary crisis management by shedding light on certain characteristics of cyber crises which were previously overlooked.

This study aims to understand whether the Sweden Democrats has been and is a radical right-wing populist party. Both quantitative content analysis and ideal type analysis is used as methods to fulfil the study’s purpose. A second objective with this study is also to investigate if the Sweden Democrats have changed their policy positions over time. The material that will be used is party programs, election manifestos and speeches from the party leader. The results of the study research were that the Sweden Democrats can, and all through its history, be defined as a radical right-wing populist party. This is because of the party’s timeless focus on nativism, populism and authoritarianism. However, there has been a clear switch in the radicalness of the policy positions from the 1990ies to the new millennium. For example, in 1996 the Sweden Democrats wanted to send out all immigrants from Sweden who came outside of Europe after 1970 while today they are talking about “responsible and limited immigration”. The result of the study is that the Sweden Democrats has not gone although with a mainstreaming process, hence they have started becoming more mainstream than before. Although they cannot be classified as a mainstream party considering there resistant against immigration and other radical positions. Nyckelord Sverigedemokraterna, radikal högerpopulism, mainstreaming, exkluderande nationalism, populism, auktoritära värderingar

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The main objective and purpose of this research paper is to see if there is a correlation between political homogeneity/heterogeneity and increasing voter turnout. We will be examining four local elections in Sweden using different types of statistical analyses. According to some theories, voter turnout is expected to increase with either a high degree of political homogeneity, or with a high degree of political heterogeneity. Previous studies shows both of these theories to explain higher voting turnout. They have almost exclusively been applied when studying elections on national level in countries using a majority electoral system. This has led us in an attempt to find out what impact political homogeneity/heterogeneity has on voter turnout in local municipal elections in Sweden. In this paper we use official statistics from Kolada and Statistics Sweden, containing information regarding the municipal elections between 2002-2014. We have gathered data including all 290 Swedish municipals. The data contains information about demographic and socioeconomic factors, as well as results from local elections. Our study shows evidence of higher voter turnout in municipals characterized by a higher degree of political homogeneity. The results shows no indication of a general pattern or correlation between a higher degree of political heterogeneity and higher voter turnout.

Management by objectives is the dominating governance in Sweden's public sector. In the municipality of Åre there is an established procedure for management by objectives that I wanted to study closer in order to see if it correspond with the theory and how the politicians relate to it. In order to do this I have interviewed five chairmen of the boards. The purpose of the study is to apply the theory of management by objectives to see if and how it conforms to reality and if the politicians feels influenced by or influenced its design. The results are analyzed with organization theory in order to explain the process of management by objectives in an organization. The main conclusions are that the politicians have a leading role in the process of management by objectives and that they involve the administration to a greater extent than the theory says. The organization theory provides explanations for the process of management by objectives through an organizational culture, the organization as a tool and as an emergence through the myth perspective.

"Sweden and Canada in transformation? - A qualitative analysis about governmental rhetoric focused on multiculturalism and civic integration.) Integration stole the spotlight and became the focus of political discussions after some intense years of increased immigration. Rising fears about failed socio-economic and socio-political integration caused many states to make changes in their integration policy's. However, the content varies considerably between countries and do not always reflect the state of the political discourse. Therefore, this study analyses political statements using ideal types to find out whether two specific integration concepts, multiculturalism and civic integration, that has gotten much attention in both academic and political circles, can be found to have changed in Sweden's and Canada's political discourse. It seeks to describe specifically if the political discourse on the highest level focused on civic integration and multiculturalism, has changed due to increased immigration and in face of new challenges between 2011-2017. The result implies that Canada's political discourse 2011 reflected multiculturalism and then fluctuated between the years investigated but turned back to being more coloured by multiculturalism. The same fluctuating pattern is found in results for Sweden's political discourse, but the country's discourse stronger reflected civic integration both 2011 and 2017.

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