Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-08-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 coneglian_a_me_botfca.pdf: 1568717 bytes, checksum: b555fef630db17c6e5cf9fb9b9c28035 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar um modelo matematico para estimar o tempo de aquecimento de toras de Eucalyptus grandis em vapor e agua quente e a implicacao dos tratamentos termicos sobre a qualidade e rendimento na producao de laminas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas toras com diametros de 25 . 30 cm, 30 . 35 cm, 35 . 40 cm, procedentes do Horto Florestal de Aguas de Santa Barbara-SP. Estas toras foram submetidas a dois (2) tipos de tratamento termico a uma temperatura de 85o C, sendo que no primeiro as toras foram vaporizadas e no segundo as toras foram aquecidas em agua quente. Em ambos os tratamentos termicos a madeira foi aquecida ate que o rolo-resto (50mm) atingisse 80o C. Para o monitoramento da temperatura e tempo de aquecimento, foi inserido um termopar no roloresto, os dados foram coletados por um equipamento datalogger CR10, minuto a minuto ate que atingisse a temperatura desejada. Apos o periodo de aquecimento, as toras foram laminadas em um torno laminador, guilhotinadas, numeradas e separadas, para avaliar o efeito dos tratamentos termicos sobre a qualidade das laminas em diferentes classes de diametros. Cada lamina foi medida na direcao tangencial e radial antes da secagem ao ar livre e posteriormente a mesma. Isso ocorreu tanto com as laminas provenientes das toras do tratamento termico com agua quente como das toras vaporizadas. O modelo matematico logistico inverso obtido para estimar o tempo de aquecimento das toras tanto em agua quente quanto para vapor, levando em consideracao as tres classes de diametro e a profundidade do rolo-resto... / The aim of this study was to determine a mathematical model to estimate the heating time for Eucalyptus grandis logs, in vapor and thermal hot water and the implication of thermal treatments on the sheet production quality and yield. In order to do so, logs with a diameter of 25 . 30 cm, 30 . 35 cm e 35 . 40 were used, coming from Horto Florestal, Aguas de Santa Barbara, Sao Paulo. The logs were submitted to two (2) types of thermal treatment at a temperature of 85 o C. In the first treatment, the logs were vaporized and in the second one they were heated in hot water. In both thermal treatments, the wood was heated until the rollrest reached 80 oC. For the temperature and heating time monitoring a thermo pair was filled in the roll-rest. A CR10 equipment datalogger was used for collecting the data every minute until the desired temperature was reached. After the heating period, the logs were laminated by the laminating lathe, guillotined, numbered and separated, to evaluate the effect of the thermal treatments on the sheet quality in different diameter classes. Each sheet was measured in the tangential and radial directions before the outdoors drying and then to the same. The same thing happened both for the sheets coming from the hot water thermal treatment logs as for the vaporized logs. The converse mathematical logistic model obtained to estimate the heating time of the logs, in hot water and vapor, considering the three diameter classes and the roll-rest depth with 50mm radius, was the following one... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below)

Resumo: O presente estudo teve como objetivo determinar um modelo matematico para estimar o tempo de aquecimento de toras de Eucalyptus grandis em vapor e agua quente e a implicacao dos tratamentos termicos sobre a qualidade e rendimento na producao de laminas. Para tanto, foram utilizadas toras com diametros de 25 . 30 cm, 30 . 35 cm, 35 . 40 cm, procedentes do Horto Florestal de Aguas de Santa Barbara-SP. Estas toras foram submetidas a dois (2) tipos de tratamento termico a uma temperatura de 85o C, sendo que no primeiro as toras foram vaporizadas e no segundo as toras foram aquecidas em agua quente. Em ambos os tratamentos termicos a madeira foi aquecida ate que o rolo-resto (50mm) atingisse 80o C. Para o monitoramento da temperatura e tempo de aquecimento, foi inserido um termopar no roloresto, os dados foram coletados por um equipamento datalogger CR10, minuto a minuto ate que atingisse a temperatura desejada. Apos o periodo de aquecimento, as toras foram laminadas em um torno laminador, guilhotinadas, numeradas e separadas, para avaliar o efeito dos tratamentos termicos sobre a qualidade das laminas em diferentes classes de diametros. Cada lamina foi medida na direcao tangencial e radial antes da secagem ao ar livre e posteriormente a mesma. Isso ocorreu tanto com as laminas provenientes das toras do tratamento termico com agua quente como das toras vaporizadas. O modelo matematico logistico inverso obtido para estimar o tempo de aquecimento das toras tanto em agua quente quanto para vapor, levando em consideracao as tres classes de diametro e a profundidade do rolo-resto... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine a mathematical model to estimate the heating time for Eucalyptus grandis logs, in vapor and thermal hot water and the implication of thermal treatments on the sheet production quality and yield. In order to do so, logs with a diameter of 25 . 30 cm, 30 . 35 cm e 35 . 40 were used, coming from Horto Florestal, Aguas de Santa Barbara, Sao Paulo. The logs were submitted to two (2) types of thermal treatment at a temperature of 85 o C. In the first treatment, the logs were vaporized and in the second one they were heated in hot water. In both thermal treatments, the wood was heated until the rollrest reached 80 oC. For the temperature and heating time monitoring a thermo pair was filled in the roll-rest. A CR10 equipment datalogger was used for collecting the data every minute until the desired temperature was reached. After the heating period, the logs were laminated by the laminating lathe, guillotined, numbered and separated, to evaluate the effect of the thermal treatments on the sheet quality in different diameter classes. Each sheet was measured in the tangential and radial directions before the outdoors drying and then to the same. The same thing happened both for the sheets coming from the hot water thermal treatment logs as for the vaporized logs. The converse mathematical logistic model obtained to estimate the heating time of the logs, in hot water and vapor, considering the three diameter classes and the roll-rest depth with 50mm radius, was the following one... (Complete abstract, click electronic access below) / Orientador: Elias Taylor Durgante Severo / Coorientador: Geraldo Bortoletto Júnior / Banca: Alcides Lopes Leão / Banca: Setsuo Iwakiri / Mestre

Studien är gjord på uppdrag av IKEA och undersöker metoder att barka björk i smådimensioner, med syfte att belysa parametrar som inverkar vid barkning i trumma och utvärdera vilka möjliga kända metoder som finns. Studien behandlar två försök, ett förförsök i form a hydraulisk barkning och ett försök för att belysa parametrar som inverkar vid barkning i trumma. Resultaten visar på att hydraulisk barkning fungerar men vidare studier krävs för utvärdering av kostnad, vattenåtgång och vidare utveckling. Trumbarkningsförsöket visar att basning i förberedande syfte effektiviserar barkningen, virket bör vara av liknande dimension och att barken avlägsnas lättare vid savningsperioden. Inga metoder speciellt anpassade för att barka björk av mindre dimensioner hittades under studien. / he study is made on assignment of IKEA and investigates methods of debarking birch in small dimensions, with the purpose of highlighting parameters that will affect debarking in a drum and evaluating possible known methods. Two attempts is made in the study, an attempt in the form of hydraulic debarking and an attempt to highlight parameters affecting drum debarking. The results show that hydraulic barking works but further studies are required to evaluate cost, water usage and machine development. The drum debarking experiment shows that steaming in preparatory purpose makes the process more effective, logs should be of similar size and the bark will be removed more easily during the sapping season. No methods specifically adapted to debark birch of smaller dimensions was found during the study.

This thesis concerns with construction design of manipulator. The purpose of the manipulator is to transport beech logs. It is a part of the production line for heating and steaming veneering of the logs before their subsequent processing. This thesis presents a new design solution. It offers detailed descriptions of the purpose of the construction and of individual functional assemblies. It also describes the means for operating the machine and the types of sensors used. Calculation of forces and reactions in the mechanism, based on a simplified load calculation model, constitutes an important part of the work. Design of key components of the machine is then based on the results of the analysis of the forces involved. The supplements of the thesis include photographs of the manipulator realization and selected technical design.