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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Studies on predator - prey interactions in a grassland soil

Tjahjadi, Ir Nur January 1996 (has links)
No description available.
2

The morphological and function of the metathoracic flexor tibialis muscle of Eurycantha calcarata

Pilehvarian, Ali Asghar January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
3

Revisão taxonômica e análise filogenética de Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae: Stratocleinae) / Taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 (Phasmatodea: Pseudophasmatidae: Stratocleinae)

Machado, Pedro Ivo Chiquetto 15 August 2019 (has links)
A taxonomia de Phasmatodea baseia-se essencialmente em caracteres de morfologia externa e características do ovo. A genitália masculina, estrutura com grande relevância taxonômica em outras ordens de insetos, foi examinada em poucas espécies de bicho-pau, sendo a sua morfologia ainda muito pobremente explorada para fins taxonômicos e filogenéticos. Das poucas análises filogenéticas realizadas até hoje em Phasmatodea, a maioria foi baseada em dados moleculares e focou nas relações entre grandes grupos, com apenas dois estudos abordando relações intragenéricas. Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 é um gênero neotropical de bichos-paus pequenos e de aspecto delicado, com ambos os sexos possuindo asas posteriores bem desenvolvidas. Incluía, até o início deste estudo, dez espécies válidas, oito das quais com registro para o Brasil; trata-se de um gênero relativamente bem representado nas coleções brasileiras de Phasmatodea. Porém, assim como grande parte dos gêneros brasileiros de bichos-paus, Paraphasma encontrava-se taxonomicamente mal definido, e o conhecimento sobre suas espécies era praticamente restrito às descrições originais, normalmente muito superficiais, e a informações vagas de distribuição geográfica. O objetivo deste estudo foi realizar uma revisão taxonômica e análise filogenética de Paraphasma, buscando explorar o potencial taxonômico da genitália masculina de Phasmatodea. Foram examinados 407 exemplares (incluindo 38 tipos), estando representadas todas as espécies de Paraphasma e 18 espécies como grupo-externo da análise filogenética. A genitália masculina foi examinada e ilustrada para 22 espécies; foram verificadas prováveis homologias entre as espécies e propostos nomes para as regiões e estruturas da genitália. Foram definidos 80 caracteres morfológicos para a análise filogenética, dos quais 32 referemse à genitália masculina. Como resultado, Paraphasma passa a ter uma configuração bastante distinta da inicial, incluindo nove espécies, das quais três são espécies novas identificadas durante o estudo. O gênero foi redescrito, com base em morfologia externa e em características da genitália masculina e do ovo. Foram descritas as três espécies novas e redescritas as demais espécies de Paraphasma, incluindo a primeira descrição do macho de Paraphasma minus, do ovo de seis espécies e da genitália masculina de oito. Foram propostos dois novos gêneros (chamados aqui pelos nomes fictícios \"Aus\" e \"Bus\") para duas espécies previamente em Paraphasma, resultando nas novas combinações \"Aus\" amabilis e \"Bus\" cognatus. As decisões taxonômicas propostas incluem também outras cinco novas combinações [Paraphasma laterale, Paraphasma trianguliferum, Paraphasma umbretta, Prexaspes (Elasia) paulensis, Tithonophasma cancellatum], seis novas sinonímias de espécie [Phasma hopii, Phasma lineolatum e Stratocles dentatus sinônimos de Paraphasma laterale; Phasma quadratum sinônimo de Prexaspes (Elasia) pholcus; Phasma perspicillaris sinônimo de Stratocles xanthomela; Metriotes pericles sinônimo de Perliodes sexmaculatus], uma nova sinonímia de gênero (Oestrophora sinônimo de Paraphasma), uma espécie revalidada (Paraphasma umbretta) e um nome de espécie considerado nomen dubium (Paraphasma fasciatum). A genitália masculina correspondeu à principal fonte de informações para delimitação das espécies de Paraphasma. Além disso, os caracteres genitais foram, de forma geral, mais consistentes com a hipótese filogenética obtida do que os de morfologia externa, que se mostraram bastante homoplásticos. Os resultados da análise filogenética sugerem que as três subfamílias de Pseudophasmatidae (Pseudophasmatinae, Stratocleinae, Xerosomatinae) são polifiléticas. / The taxonomy of Phasmatodea relies largely on external morphology and features of the egg. The male genitalia, which is highly relevant for the taxonomy of other insect orders, has been examined in only a few species of stick insects, and its morphology remains very poorly explored for taxonomic and phylogenetic purposes. Of the few phylogenetic analyses performed so far in Phasmatodea, most were based on molecular data and focused on the relations among large groups, with only two studies having addressed intrageneric relationships. Paraphasma Redtenbacher, 1906 is a Neotropical genus of small and delicate stick insects, with both sexes having well-developed hind wings. Until the beginning of this study Paraphasma included ten valid species, eight of which recorded from Brazil; the genus is relatively well represented in Brazilian Phasmatodea collections. However, like most Brazilian genera of stick insects, Paraphasma was taxonomically poorly defined, and the current knowledge about its species was essentially limited to superficial original descriptions and vague information concerning geographical distribution. The aim of this study was to perform a taxonomic revision and phylogenetic analysis of Paraphasma, seeking to explore the taxonomic potential of the phasmid male genitalia. A total of 407 specimens were examined (including 38 types), with all species of Paraphasma plus 18 species as outgroups for the phylogenetic analysis. The male genitalia of 22 species was studied and illustrated; probable homologies were found among species and names were proposed for regions and structures of the genitalia. Eighty morphological characters were defined for the phylogenetic analysis, of which 32 refer to male genitalia. As a result, Paraphasma now shows a very different conception, with nine valid species, including three new ones identified during this study. Paraphasma was redescribed, based on external morphology and features of the male genitalia and egg. The three new species were described and the other six species were redescribed, including the first description of the male of Paraphasma minus, the egg of six species and the male genitalia of eight. Two new genera were proposed (herein referred by the symbolic names \"Aus\" and \"Bus\") to include two species previously in Paraphasma, resulting in the new combinations \"Aus\" amabilis and \"Bus\" cognatus. Taxonomic decisions proposed here also include other five new combinations [Paraphasma laterale, Paraphasma trianguliferum, Paraphasma umbretta, Prexaspes (Elasia) paulensis, Tithonophasma cancellatum], six new species synonymys [Phasma hopii, Phasma lineolatum and Stratocles dentatus under Paraphasma laterale; Phasma quadratum under Prexaspes (Elasia) pholcus; Phasma perspicillaris under Stratocles xanthomela; Metriotes pericles under Perliodes sexmaculatus], one new genus synonymy (Oestrophora under Paraphasma), one resurrected species (Paraphasma umbretta) and one species name regarded as a nomen dubium (Paraphasma fasciatum). Male genitalia was the main source of information for species delimitation in Paraphasma. Furthermore, genital characters were generally more consistent with the phylogenetic hypothesis obtained than characters of external morphology, which turned out to be quite homoplastic. The results of the phylogenetic analysis suggest that the three subfamilies of Pseudophasmatidae (Pseudophasmatinae, Stratocleinae and Xerosomatinae) are polyphyletic.
4

Robotic Models of Neuromechanical Step Generation in Insects

Rutter, Brandon Lewis 17 May 2010 (has links)
No description available.
5

Využití pitev bezobratlých živočichů ve výuce biologie na středních školách / Usage of dissection of invertebrate animals in education of biology at secondary school

Ondrová, Radka January 2013 (has links)
The thesis is focused on anatomy and implementation of dissections of 4 selected model invertebrates in school practice. The selected model species include swan mussel (Anodonta cygnea), stick insect (Medauroidea extradentata), cockchafer (Melolontha melolontha) and sea urchin (Echinus esculentus). In case of the cockchafer, the text is based on this model species, but the supporting photographs of dissection are taken from the tropical cetoniid beetle Pachnoda, which has very similar internal anatomy with the cockchafer. For all selected animals, I describe external and internal morphology as well as recommended methods of obtaining the material, proper killing of specimens, and dissection techniques. The text is supplemented with original digital macrophotographs. The thesis includes also an overview of primary and secondary school textbooks with focus on anatomy of the selected animals. The text is supplemented by a glossary of morphological terminology used in this thesis. Attached is a photographic atlas of dissections, which is a combination of this master thesis and my bachelor thesis (defended in 2010), in which I dealt with five model invertebrates in the same way. This is Ascaris suum, Lumbricus terrestris, Helix pomatia, Procambarus aff. fallax and Archimandrita tesselata. The complete...

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