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The perceptions of beneficiaries about the contribution of micro enterprises as a poverty reduction strategy : a study of women beneficiaries in Johannesburg.Chipuriro, Rejoice 20 August 2014 (has links)
Micro enterprises have become popularised globally as the favoured option for development and have played a key role in poverty alleviation. The main premise of using micro enterprises has been to build the capacity of the individual to be self- sustaining and to move away from the continued dependency on state welfare. Micro enterprises are also seen as a key tool to allow participation of the disempowered population. In South Africa micro enterprises have been hailed by government as playing a pivotal role in creating employment opportunities for the poor people. The study was conducted to gain a deeper understanding of how beneficiaries view the role played by micro enterprises in reducing poverty. This qualitative research was based on case studies of 12 female participants who were selected using convenience sampling based on their availability and participation in micro enterprise initiatives. An interview schedule was used and the interviews were tape recorded. The major findings that emerged were that beneficiaries perceive micro enterprises as meeting their basic needs like food and rates, to others they were a way of supplementing income. Most participants perceived micro enterprise rather as a hobby than an effective income generating activity. None of the beneficiaries had business skills, equipment or information and capital to grow their business beyond their residential areas. None of the micro enterprises were able to create employment for others. Various factors such as lack of capital, low literacy levels, poor business management skills and non-entrepreneurial mind-set amongst others have resulted in this failure. Beneficiaries of this study perceived the income from their micro enterprises not enough to qualify their micro enterprises as a poverty reduction tool. The main conclusion drawn from the study is that whilst profit generated through participating in micro enterprises meet the beneficiaries’ basic necessities, it is insufficient income to meaningfully reduce poverty.
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Investigating Malawian physical science teachers' teaching strategies: a case study in nuclear physicsLungu, Foster Chimbizgani Standford 21 October 2009 (has links)
Malawian physical science teachers (PSTs) perceive nuclear physics to be the
most difficult physics topic. This study investigated: reasons PSTs would give for
this perception, teaching strategies that some PSTs would use to address learning
difficulties in nuclear physics, reasons the teachers would give for using certain
strategies and nature of the PSTs’ pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) in
nuclear physics. Assumptions of the interpretivist paradigm and the theoretical
framework of PCK guided the data collection, organisation and analysis
processes.
Thirty teachers completed a questionnaire, which enabled me to identify PSTs
who chose nuclear physics as the most difficult, difficult aspects of nuclear
physics and reasons those aspects are difficult. Stratified purposive sampling was
then used to choose four case teachers. I observed two lessons on nuclear physics
for each case teacher by video recording them. I interviewed each case teacher
before and after both lessons. I also interviewed a group of students after each
lesson. Video recordings were discussed with the respective teachers. Some
documents were collected. All interviews and video recordings were transcribed
into text, coded using Atlas.ti 5.2 and analysed inductively. Content analysis was
used with documents.
Some learning difficulties surface during lessons and they mainly related to
student conceptions, nature of concepts and mathematical manipulations. The case
teachers could not anticipate most of them, irrespective of qualification. It would
seem the teachers were hardly aware of lesson-specific difficulties.
The case teachers used combinations of strategies that focused on transmission of
information. The teachers hardly probed student thinking. Reasons given for
strategies adopted revealed that qualified teachers emphasised only content while the under-qualified ones also emphasised pedagogy. iv
Also qualified case teachers ascertained student understanding more frequently
than the less qualified ones. Also one of the qualified teachers was able to
articulate main ideas of the lessons, while the other three could hardly do so.
I conclude that teachers with similar characteristics as those studied here need
assistance to develop the following aspects of PCK in nuclear physics: awareness
of learning difficulties, use of strategies that are based on student thinking and ability to articulate main ideas.
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An exploration of the exit plans of the beneficiaries of the foster care grant in Soweto.Rembuluwani, Rendani 07 July 2014 (has links)
Most social assistance programmes have exit strategies in place which require beneficiaries to
end their participation in the programme either on an involuntary or voluntary basis. This can
occur when the socioeconomic circumstances of the recipients have improved so they
accomplish programme objectives and no longer need programme benefits (World Bank,
2000). Despite this ideal of being able to exit the grant system it seems that the withdrawal of
the foster care grant can erode quality of life, particularly in circumstances where the foster
parents do not have exit plans put in place. The aim of the study was to explore the exit plans
of the recipients of the foster care grant in Soweto and the challenges they face in coming up
with these plans. The study adopted a qualitative approach and it was exploratory in nature.
Ten foster parents and four key informants from the Department of Social Development were
selected using purposive sampling. Data were collected using two separate semi-structured
interview schedules for participants and key informants. The data gathered was then analysed
using thematic content analysis. The results of the study revealed that there was little
knowledge and understanding about the foster care grant and what it seeks to do. The study
also revealed that there were no exit plans put in place by foster parents. These results of the
study found that the participants had very little knowledge of what an exit strategy was and
they did not have set exit plans to exit the grant. Other findings indicated that there was no
support for participants from their social workers in terms of the sharing of information and
the development of exit plans. This study will thus contribute to the discourse on social
assistance in general and foster care grants in particular. Furthermore, it will help to sensitise
social workers on the need for exit plans for the recipients of foster grants.
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Towards a sustainable future of apparel : Perspectives from Swedish clothing brands and sustainable fashion consultantsSelhammer, Amanda January 2019 (has links)
The manner in which clothing is designed, produced and used is responsible for major negative impacts on the environment as well as major ethical and social issues on a global scale. The increased concern for sustainability issues in the industry is similarly argued to have led to transformations of the business context of apparel companies, that have been shown to increasingly incorporate sustainability in their corporate strategies. This thesis focuses on sustainability strategies of Swedish clothing brands operating in the global apparel and fashion industry, with the aim to explore the topic of sustainability in relation to the Swedish apparel industry. Through qualitative interviews with sustainability managers and consultants working within the industry, it explores the drivers for working with sustainability as well as main challenges for achieving sustainability within the apparel industry. The results show that the concept of sustainability is indeed highly complex and broad in regard to the design, production and use of clothes. Companies are influenced by many factors that drive change towards sustainability. The future of the apparel sector is believed to be increasingly affected by new ideas to produce and indeed also consume clothes that challenge the dominating linear system. In conclusion, the industry faces many challenges concerning sustainability, but the proactive approaches by apparel companies seem to create new opportunities for change. Also, the anticipated further increase in interest for sustainability in society and subsequently among consumers and other actors may stimulate further advancements of the strategic responses among apparel companies.
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[en] UTILIZATION OF AN INFORMATION SOURCE IDENTIFICATION STRATEGY IN THE REQUIREMENTS ELICITATION STAGE / [pt] UTILIZAÇÃO DE UMA ESTRATÉGIA PARA IDENTIFICAÇÃO DE FONTES DE INFORMAÇÃO NA FASE DE ELICITAÇÃOEDSON ANDRADE DE MORAES 10 June 2010 (has links)
[pt] Esta dissertação estuda um meio de identificar e selecionar fontes de
informação a serem utilizadas na fase de elicitação de requisitos. Utilizamos uma
estratégia de identificação e seleção de fontes de informação baseada na
modelagem de um Universo de Informações com o uso de uma linguagem de
representação gráfica e uma técnica de classificação das fontes de informação que
compõem este Universo. Todo o processo é feito com o uso de uma ferramenta de
software que dá apoio à execução do método. A ferramenta auxilia no registro das
fontes elicitadas e sua consolidação, além de auxiliar na geração de alguns
artefatos reduzindo consideravelmente o retrabalho. Um estudo de caso foi
efetuado em um problema real de uma empresa de energia, com o objetivo de
avaliar os ganhos do uso de uma abordagem estruturada na identificação de fontes
de informação ao invés do uso de uma abordagem ad hoc. / [en] This dissertation studies means to identify and select information sources to
be used in the requirements elicitation phase. We used an information sources
identification and selection strategy based on the modeling of a Universe of
Discourse with the use of a graphical representation language and a classification
technique of the sources which compose such Universe. The full process is done
with the use of a software tool which supports the application of the method. The
tool helps in the recording of elicited information sources and its consolidation,
besides aiding in the production of some artifacts with a considerable rework
reduction. A case study was carried out in a real world problem in an energy
company, with the aim of evaluating the gains obtained from the usage of a
structured approach for the identification of information sources instead of the use
of an ad-hoc approach.
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Global Talks: Estrategia de mercado de LG en el Perú y el mundoSeo, Bo 24 May 2019 (has links)
La conferencia se enfocó en primer lugar en las características de la cultura coreana que permitieron el despegue económico del país y sus empresas, hoy conglomerados económicos de impacto mundial. En segundo lugar, en base a la ventaja competitiva de Corea como desarrolladores de tecnología, LG logró posicionarse como uno de las principales empresas innovadoras del mercado de tecnología. En tercer lugar, en el Perú, la estrategia de LG busca tropicalizar la tecnología coreana a los usos y costumbres de nuestra cultura.
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Ensino e aprendizagem dos processos de divisão celular no Ensino Fundamental / Strategies of learning and teaching on the cellular division processes at the basic levelPaula, Sabrina Ribeiro de 07 November 2007 (has links)
A recente explosão do conhecimento da genética molecular e o avanço da indústria da biotecnologia requerem que o público compreenda muitos conceitos da genética para a tomada de decisões sobre a pertinência do uso dessas novas ferramentas. Durante os últimos 30 anos a literatura educacional produziu conceitos e teorias para lidar com estas dificuldades, mas a maioria dos professores desconhece estas produções, principalmente porque os periódicos de referência são publicados em línguas estrangeiras (principalmente em inglês). Esta pesquisa-ação pretende preencher esta lacuna e foi baseada em testes que envolveram 283 estudantes de 12 a 15 anos de idade. Nela descrevemos as concepções dos estudantes sobre a localização e transmissão da informação genética antes e após a aplicação de uma seqüência didática elaborada especificamente para desenvolver estratégias metacognitivas de aprendizagem. As idéias dos estudantes foram colhidas por meio dos questionários e redações, nas quais os estudantes descrevem como imaginam ser o interior das células e dos gametas. Verificamos que as crianças do ensino fundamental possuem concepções semelhantes àquelas descritas para estudantes do ensino médio. A comparação das redações produzidas pelos estudantes antes e após a aplicação da seqüência didática permitiu verificar que o padrão mais comum de aprendizagem é sincrético, ou seja, as crianças tendem a distorcer as informações oferecidas pelo professor em virtude da existência de conhecimentos prévios. Por fim, a descrição e a documentação de seqüências didáticas planejadas a partir de conhecimentos produzidos na literatura educacional permitem o entendimento dos processos de transposição didática e a relação deste com a aprendizagem dos estudantes. / The recent knowledge explosion on the areas of genetics, molecular biology and biotechnology introduced many new concepts hard for common people to grasp in their decision-making processes. During the last 30 years or so the educational literature produced concepts and theories to cope with these difficulties but the vast majority of our elementary and highschool teachers remain unaware of them possibly because the available literature is written in foreign languages (mainly in English). The action-research here presented intends to fill this gap and was based on tests performed with 283 students aged 12 to 15. We describe their conceptions on the location and transmission of genetic information before and after the application of a didactic sequence specifically elaborated to develop metacognitive learning strategies. The students\' ideas were gathered by means of questionnaires and through essays describing how they imagine the interior of cells and germ-cells. We verified that children on basic educational level have conceptions very similar to those of students of middle-level education. The paired comparison of before and after essays suggests the existence of a common, syncretic learning standard. In plain language, the results indicate that previous informal knowledge of children tends to distort the formal information transmitted by their teachers. It is clear that the description and documentation of planned didactic sequences, available from the specialized literature, provide the understanding of the didactic transposition process and its relation with the students´ learning process.
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Estratégias da empresa e as estruturas de marketing / Companys strategies and marketing structureShiraishi, Guilherme de Farias 27 November 2009 (has links)
As mudanças presentes nos mercados e nas economias mundiais direcionam as empresas para novas formas de atuação, seja em suas estratégias, seja em suas estruturas. Em especial, as atividades e estruturas de marketing ganham atenção nesse processo de adaptação, visto que se constituem em facilitadores da interação entre a empresa e seu ambiente. Nesse contexto, a presente tese teve por objetivo analisar os impactos recíprocos entre estratégias da empresa e estruturas de marketing. Para atingir o objetivo proposto pela tese, realizaram-se uma revisão teórica e um trabalho de campo exploratório. A bibliografia pesquisada foi delimitada dentro de um escopo contingencial e sistêmico. Na revisão da bibliografia, abordaram-se os conceitos relacionados às estratégias e aos níveis estratégicos da empresa: estratégias corporativas, competitivas, funcionais e de marketing. Também foram pesquisados os assuntos ligados às estruturas organizacionais e às estruturas de marketing. Além de empreender essa busca conceitual, a presente tese discutiu os resultados encontrados em estudos anteriores sobre o relacionamento entre estratégias e estruturas, assim como entre estratégias e estruturas de marketing. Por último, a revisão contribuiu com a ideia de hierarquização de múltiplos níveis e sua interpretação nas estruturas de marketing. O trabalho de campo foi realizado por meio de pesquisa exploratória e qualitativa e utilizou o método de estudo de caso encaixado, instrumental e de replicação teórica. A investigação do trabalho de campo ocorreu junto às unidades de análises contidas nas empresas Conexel e Schneider Electric Brasil, ambas pertencentes ao setor de materiais elétricos de instalação. As análises desse estudo de campo foram realizadas em duas etapas: a primeira, com a descrição e a análise individual de cada caso selecionado; a segunda, com a consolidação e a discussão conjunta das análises obtidas individualmente. A replicação teórica dos casos refletiu os conceitos vistos e defendidos na revisão teórica da tese e reforçou as ideias presentes na conclusão do trabalho. Os resultados da tese indicam que as estruturas de marketing são subordinadas às estratégias da empresa. A função marketing não está isolada na organização, e as decisões das áreas de marketing interagem com todas as outras áreas funcionais independentemente dos departamentos envolvidos. Na tese, verificou-se de modo teórico que as estruturas de marketing se alteram conforme o marketing deixa de ser apenas uma área funcional. As estruturas de marketing tentem a migrar para formas mais inovativas quando passam a ser compreendidas como parte das decisões das estratégias da empresa. À medida que as estratégias são formuladas em condições ambientais cada vez mais competitivas, as estruturas de marketing migram para níveis hierárquicos superiores dentro de um sistema de múltiplos níveis. As questões advindas dos insights gerados por este estudo podem contribuir para a geração de parâmetros específicos sobre o tema, como formulação de métricas, categorias e hipóteses necessárias para a condução de novos estudos conclusivos que generalizem as ideias exploradas nesta tese. / The changes in the worldwide markets and economies direct the companies to new forms of actuation, either in their strategies, or in their structures. Particularly, the marketing activities and structures gain attention in this process of adaptation, since they constitute themselves as facilitators of the interaction between the company and its environment. Within this context, the present thesis aimed to analyze the reciprocal impacts between the company´ strategies and the marketing structures. In order to reach objective proposed by the thesis, a theoretical review and an exploratory field work were carried out. The bibliography researched was delimited within a contingential and systemic scope. Upon reviewing the bibliography, the concepts related to the strategies and the strategic levels of the company were discussed: corporate, competitive, functional and marketing strategies. Also, subjects related to organizational and marketing structures were researched. In addition to undertaking this conceptual search, the present thesis discussed the results found in previous studies on the relationship between strategies and structures, as well as between strategies and marketing structures. At last, the study contributed with the idea of hierarchizing the multiple levels and its interpretation in the marketing structures. The field work was carried out through exploratory and qualitative research and used the embedded, instrumental and theoretical replication methods of case study. The investigation of the field work took place in the units of analysis of the companies Conexel and Schneider Electric Brazil, both belonging to the electrical material installation segment. The analyses of this field study were carried out in two phases: the first one, with the individual description and analysis of each selected case; the second one, with the consolidation and joint discussion of the analyses obtained individually. The theoretical replication of the cases reflected the concepts considered and supported in the theoretical review of the thesis and reinforced the ideas presented in the conclusion of this work. The results of this thesis indicate that the marketing structures are subordinated to the company´ strategies. The marketing function is not isolated in the organization and the decisions of the marketing areas interact with all the other functional areas, irrespective of the departments involved. In the thesis, it was verified, in a theoretical way, that the marketing structures are altered as the marketing stops being only a functional area. The marketing structures tend to migrate to more innovative forms when they start to be understood as part of the decisions of the company´ strategies. While the strategies are formulated under more and more competitive environmental conditions, the marketing structures migrate to higher hierarchical levels within a system of multiple levels. The questions arising from the insights generated by this study may contribute to the generation of specific parameters on the subject, such as the formulation of metrics, categories and hypotheses that are necessary to conducting new conclusive studies that generalize the ideas exploited within this thesis.
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Compreendendo as estratégias de sobrevivência de jovens antes e depois da internação na FEBEM de Ribeirão Preto. / The surviving strategies in order to get money and accessibility to consumer goods of 104 boarder youngsters at an institution named FEBEM in Ribeirão Preto.Almeida, Marília Mastrocolla de 22 November 2002 (has links)
Historicamente, as crianças e os jovens marginalizados buscam várias alternativas para conseguir recursos para o próprio sustento ou de sua família. Dentre elas, sempre estiveram o ato infracional, o trabalho infantil e o trabalho em situação de rua. Há, atualmente, um grande contingente desses trabalhadores", o que torna explicita as falhas das políticas públicas com essa população. A principal ênfase das políticas de atendimento tem sido a inclusão desses jovens no trabalho, como a forma de promover a inclusão social" dos mesmos. Sendo assim, o presente trabalho teve como proposta contribuir com essa problemática, realizando um caracterização geral e conhecendo as estratégias de sobrevivência para conseguir dinheiro e acesso aos bens de consumo de 104 jovens internos na FEBEM de Ribeirão Preto no período de junho a agosto de 2000. Foram utilizados para coleta dos dados um roteiro estruturado para a realização de entrevistas individuais e a realização de notas em diário de campo para registro das atividades realizadas durante o estudo. Dentre os resultados encontrados observamos que a maioria dos jovens reside em bairros periféricos de Ribeirão Preto e tem escolaridade de 5a e 6a série incompletas. A maioria dos jovens foi internado devido a prática de roubo e homicídio, sendo a faixa etária predominante, na primeira internação, a de 16-17 anos. Quanto as estratégias de sobrevivência observamos que todos os 104 jovens realizaram alguma atividade para ganhar dinheiro e ter acesso aos bens de consumo na sua vida. No entanto, observamos uma diferença na variedade e na quantidade de atividades realizadas pelos jovens se considerarmos a internação na FEBEM, pois, a maioria realizou, antes da internação na FEBEM, as Atividades Ilegais, principalmente o Trabalho Infantil e o Ato Infracional e as Atividades Legais associadas às Atividades Ilegais. Enquanto que, após a internação na FEBEM, foram relatadas predominantemente as Atividades Ilegais, principalmente o Ato Infracional. Percebemos que as atividades de maior duração foram o Ato Infracional e o Trabalho Infantil e a faixa etária para início das Atividades Ilegais foi de 9 a 13 anos e para as Atividades Legais foi de 14 anos. Quanto aos motivos para a interrupção das atividades, encontramos que: a demissão, o tipo de atividade realizada e o valor da remuneração, foram motivos semelhantes para a interrupção do Trabalho Infantil, do Trabalho Juvenil e do Trabalho em Regime de Aprendizagem. O encaminhamento do jovem para a FEBEM também foi citado como um motivo para interrupção dessas atividades e também do Ato Infracional. O Ato Infracional foi a atividade que fornecia maior quantia em dinheiro, sendo esse, utilizado principalmente para comprar roupas e com diversão. A maioria dos jovens entrevistados relatou que após a última internação, gostaria de realizar uma Atividade Legal. Encontramos também jovens que não definiram o que gostariam de fazer após a desinternação e jovens que responderam que não gostariam de realizar atividade pois tinham o interesse em voltar a estudar e também por estar correndo risco de vida. Dessa forma então concluímos que esses jovens buscaram várias alternativas, na grande maioria ilegais para conseguir dinheiro e acesso aos bens de consumo, mostrando a necessidade dos jovens em adquirir mais autonomia para vivenciarem a juventude e o pouco acesso às Atividades Legais de seu interesse. Observamos também que nem todo os jovens gostariam de trabalhar e aqueles que mencionaram esse interesse, gostariam de realizar atividades diferentes daquelas vivenciadas, ou seja, que não fosse caracterizadas como subemprego e possibilitassem pouca mobilidade social. / Historically, youngsters facing a situation of social and individual risk have committed the law-breaking act, practiced infant industry and worked on the streets as an alternative to provide resources for their own subsistence or for their families. The main emphasis of the assistance policies has been the inclusion of these youngsters in the labor market, as a means of fostering their social inclusion". However, there has been criticism of these assistance patterns and of the view of the society as a whole considering labor to be the best alternative for these people. Thus, the proposal of the present paper was to contribute toward this debate, creating a general portrait and conducting a survey into the surviving strategies in order to get money and accessibility to consumer goods of 104 boarder youngsters at an institution named FEBEM in Ribeirão Preto from June to August, 2000. The data gathering included a framed schedule for the execution of individual interviews and a field work agenda for the recording of the activities that were executed during the study. Among the results that were met we could notice that the vast majority of the youngsters lives in the suburbs of Ribeirão Preto and studied up to the 5th or 6th grade of elementary school. Most of the youngsters were put in that boarding institution for having committed robbery and murder, being the predominant age group, for the first boarding, between 16-17 years old. For the matter of surviving strategies, we could notice that all of the 104 youngsters conducted some kind of activity in order to make some money and have access to consumer goods in their lives. However, we could notice a difference in the variety and amount of activities that were conducted by the youngsters if we consider the boarding at FEBEM, since most of them practiced, before being boarders at FEBEM, Illegal Activities, especially the Infant Industry and the Law-Breaking Act and Legal Activities associated with Illegal ones, whereas after being boarders at the institution, the Illegal Activities were predominantly reported, pointing out the Law-Breaking Act. We could sense that the longest-lasting activities were the Law-Breaking Act and the Infant Industry and the age group for the beginning of the Illegal Activities was from 9 to 13 years old and, for the Legal Activities, 14 years old. Among the causes for the discontinuance of the activities, we could notice that the dismissal, the kind of activity performed and the monetary worth were the most frequent ones in the Infant Industry, Juvenile Industry and in the Training Work. Being sent to FEBEM was also mentioned as another reason for the discontinuance of these activities and also of the Law-Breaking Act. The Law-Breaking Act was the activity that provided the largest amount of money, which was spent especially on clothes and for entertainment. The vast majority of youngsters interviewed mentioned that, after being boarders for the last time, they would like to execute some kind of Legal Activity. We also found youngsters who couldnt define what they would like to do after leaving the institution and youngsters who said they wouldnt like to execute any kind of activity, because their goal was to go back to school and/or for fearing death risk Thus, we could conclude that these youngsters seek for several surviving alternatives, most of them being illegal, and we also noticed the need for obtaining greater autonomy to live their youth and be supported to have access to Legal Activities of their personal concern. We could also see that not all youngsters would like to work and, the ones who mentioned such interest would like to accomplish different activities from the ones already endured, that is, activities that were not characterized as underemployment or could not provide social mobility.
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Desenvolvimento do plano preliminar de descomissionamento do reator IPEN/MB-01 / Preliminary decommissioning plan of the reactor IPEN/MB-01Vivas, Ary de Souza 13 November 2014 (has links)
Em todo mundo, muitas instalações nucleares foram construídas e necessitarão serem desligadas em um determinado momento por estarem próximas do seu tempo recomendado de utilização que é de aproximadamente 40 anos. A AIEA (Agência Internacional de Energia Atômica) busca orientar e recomendar uma série de diretrizes para a realização de atividades de descomissionamento de instalações nucleares, com atenção especial aos países que não possuem um quadro regulatório legal que ampare as atividades de descomissionamento. O Brasil, até o momento, não possui uma norma específica que oriente as etapas de descomissionamento de reatores de pesquisa. Entretanto, em março de 2011 foi constituída uma comissão de estudo com a atribuição principal voltada às questões de descomissionamento das instalações nucleares brasileiras, culminando na resolução 133, de 8 de novembro de 2012, um projeto de norma que dispõe sobre o Descomissionamento de Usinas Nucleoelétricas. O Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) possui dois reatores de pesquisa sendo um deles o reator IPEN/MB-01. O objetivo dessa dissertação de mestrado é elaborar um plano preliminar de descomissionamento desse reator de pesquisa, considerando a documentação técnica da instalação (RAS-Relatório de Análise de Segurança), as normas existentes da CNEN (Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear), assim como as recomendações da AIEA. Em termos de procedimentos de descomissionamento para reatores de pesquisa, este trabalho se baseou no que existe de mais moderno em experiências, estratégias e lições aprendidas realizadas e documentadas nas publicações da AIEA que abrangem técnicas e tecnologias de descomissionamento. Considerando estes conhecimentos técnicos e às peculiaridades da instalação, foi selecionada a estratégia de desmantelamento imediato, que corresponde ao inicio das atividades de descomissionamento assim que a instalação for desligada, dividindo-a em setores de trabalho. Como recurso de gerenciamento e acompanhamento do projeto de descomissionamento do reator e manutenção de registros, foi desenvolvido um banco de dados utilizando o programa Microsoft Access 2007, no qual contêm todos os itens e informações referentes ao plano preliminar de descomissionamento. O trabalho aqui descrito busca atender os requisitos, critérios técnicos e institucionais, incorporando o que se tem de mais atual em procedimentos de descomissionamento, podendo servir como guia para as demais instalações brasileiras. / Around the world, many nuclear plants were built and need to be turned off at a certain time because they are close to their recommended time of use is approximately 50 years. So the IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency), seeks to guide and recommend a set of guidelines for the conduct of activities of nuclear facilities, with special attention to countries that do not have a framework regulatory Legal that sustain the activities of decommissioning. Brazil, so far, does not have a specific standard to guide the steps of the guidelines regarding decommissioning research reactors. However, in March 2011 a study committee was formed with the main task facing the issues of decommissioning of nuclear installations in Brazil, culminating in Resolution 133 of November 8, 2012, a standard project that treat about the Decommissioning of nucleoelectric plants. O Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas e Nucleares (IPEN) has two research reactors one being the reactor IPEN/MB-01. The purpose of this master dissertation is to develop a preliminary plan for decommissioning this research reactor, considering the technical documentation of the facility (RAS-Safety Analysis Report), the existing standards of CNEN (National Nuclear Energy Commission), as well as IAEA recommendations. In terms of procedures for decommissioning research reactors, this work was based on what is most modern in experiences, strategies and lessons learned performed and documented in IAEA publications covering techniques and technologies for decommissioning. Considering these technical knowledges and due to the peculiarities of the facility, was selected to immediate dismantling strategy, which corresponds to the start of decommissioning activities once the installation is switched off, dividing it into work sectors. As a resource for monitoring and project management of reactor decommissioning and maintenance of records, we developed a database using Microsoft Access 2007, which contain all the items and information for the preliminary decommissioning plan. The work described here aims to meet the requirements, technical and institutional criteria, incorporating what is most current procedures and lessons learned of decommissioning, may serve as a guideline for the other brazilian facilities.
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