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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

The effects of early life trauma on the neurochemistry and behaviour of the adult rat /

Uys, Joachim De Klerk. January 2006 (has links)
Dissertation (PhD)--University of Stellenbosch, 2006. / Bibliography. Also available via the Internet.
12

Biofeedback Training During Stress Stimulation

Spurgin, Raymon David 08 1900 (has links)
The assumption that EMG biofeedback cultivates an antistress response was tested under stress conditions while investigating the comparative efficacy of low versus high arousal treatment strategies. Biofeedback-assisted, cue-controlled relaxation training was used as the low arousal treatment strategy for half of the 20 normal subjects used in the study. The other half received a high arousal treatment strategy which used the same training in combination with an avoidance conditioning procedure. In this procedure mild electric shock was used as contingent aversive stimulation designed to reinforce relaxation responses. Both groups received four in-lab training sessions with a 4-day interim of home practice of cuecontrolled relaxation prior to the last in-lab training session. Pretraining assessment consisted of four 10-minute periods of alternating no-stress and stress conditions. Mild electric shock and loud tones were used as stressors. Posttraining assessment was identical to pre training except subjects employed self-directed, cue-controlled relaxation rather than self-directed relaxation based on instructions without training. Frontal EMG, subjective mental and muscle tension ratings, and behavioral observations of relaxation behavior served as dependent measures during pre- and posttraining assessment. EMG readings were used during in-lab training and the two subjective rating scales were used during home practice.
13

Effects, Side Effects and Contraindications of Relaxation Massage during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials

Mueller, Stephanie M., Grunwald, Martin 04 May 2023 (has links)
Healthcare professionals and expecting mothers frequently voice concerns that massages during pregnancy might cause complications or premature labor. This PRISMA review outlines current results on effects, side effects and contraindications of relaxation massage during pregnancy. Inclusion criteria: all randomized controlled trials (RCT) comparing relaxation massage during pregnancy with standard care or standard care plus another intervention (i.e., progressive muscle relaxation). Restrictions were full text availability and English language. Results: 12 RCT were included. Trials had good methodological quality but unknown risk of bias. All women were at least 12 weeks gestation at the start of the study. The main benefits of massage during pregnancy were: reduced stress, back and leg pain, depression and anxiety; increased immune response; increased serotonin and dopamine levels; higher fetal birth weight and reduced risk of preterm delivery. Only 2 RCT reported potential side effects of massage, which were minor and transient. Seven RCT excluded women with difficult pregnancies or preexisting complications, five studies did not report preexisting conditions. Those obstetric or postnatal complications that occurred were most likely unrelated to massage treatments. In healthy pregnant women without complications, relaxation massage has positive effects throughout pregnancy. Precautions for massage during pregnancy (i.e., to prevent pulmonary embolism) are discussed.
14

Preparação, realização e avaliação da performance musical: enfrentamento do estresse e da ansiedade entre músicos cameristas / Preparation, act and evaluation of musical performance: coping with stress and anxiety among chamber musicians

Kaminski, Leonardo Casarin [UNESP] 27 March 2017 (has links)
Submitted by LEONARDO CASARIN KAMINSKI null (00539617067) on 2017-05-26T06:21:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 KAMINSKI Leonardo C - 2017 - TESE.pdf: 4549779 bytes, checksum: b111796649ce466bd2fb49cee39ec537 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-05-30T16:33:05Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 kaminski_lc_dr_ia.pdf: 4549779 bytes, checksum: b111796649ce466bd2fb49cee39ec537 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-05-30T16:33:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 kaminski_lc_dr_ia.pdf: 4549779 bytes, checksum: b111796649ce466bd2fb49cee39ec537 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-27 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O presente trabalho trata da preparação, realização e avaliação da performance em música de câmara, mais precisamente, sobre os níveis e presença do estresse da ansiedade envolvidos nessa prática. Partiu-se da premissa de que seja possível desenvolver estratégias para otimizar o controle dos níveis de ansiedade e do estresse na performance de músicos cameristas, visando a excelência na performance nesse processo. A ocorrência e sintomas psicopatológicos diferem- se em atividades individuais e coletivas, motivando o autor a realizar a pesquisa com grupos de câmara. A metodologia empregada mesclou pesquisa bibliográfica (onde foi realizada uma revisão da literatura concentrada em publicações dos principais congressos brasileiros ocorridos nos últimos anos e em publicações de autores de referência na área de cognição musical) e pesquisa de campo (na qual foram aplicados dois inventários, o K-MPAI e o ISSL, respectivamente, sobre ansiedade na performance musical e estresse, além de um Questionário adicional sobre hábitos cotidianos do músico). O trabalho está organizado em quatro capítulos: 1) Revisão da literatura; 2) Metodologia e estratégia de ação, 3). Discussão dos resultados da consulta e revisão e 4) Sugestões de estratégias para o enfrentamento do estresse e da ansiedade na performance camerística. As discussões cruzando revisão de literatura e pesquisa de campo permitiram identificar possíveis geradores de estresse e ansiedade na performance musical bem como elaborar algumas sugestões de procedimentos que podem ser adotados na preparação e realização da performance musical de grupos de câmara. / The present work deals with the preparation for performance, the performance itself and its evaluation in chamber music, more precisely what concerns to control of levels and presence of anxiety stress involved in this practice. The argument was based on strategies that would be developed to optimize levels of anxiety and stress of musicians to achieve the excellence in performance in these processes. The occurrence and psychopathological symptoms could be distinct in individual and collective activities, motivating the author to carry out the current research with chamber music groups. The methodology used merged bibliographical research (review of the literature with publications from main Brazilian congresses, occurred in the last years and assigned publications in area of musical cognition) and field research (in which two inventories were applied, K-MPAI and ISSL, respectively, on anxiety in musical performance and stress, as well as an additional questionnaire on daily habits of the musician). The work is divided in four chapters: 1) Literature review; 2) Methodology and strategy of action, 3). Discussion of the results with consultation and review; and 4) Suggestions of procedures in the preparation and realization of the musical performance in chamber groups. Discussions across literature review and field research have identified feasible generators of stress and anxiety in musical performance as well as suggest of procedures that can be adopted in the preparation and realization of the musical performance of chamber groups.
15

A Lifespan Analysis of Adult College Students with Respect to Achievement, Self-Esteem and Anxiety

Stilson, David C. 12 1900 (has links)
This study is a lifespan analysis of adult college students between the ages of twenty-three and fifty-five at North Texas State University in Denton, Texas, with respect to academic achievement as measured by grade point average, self-esteem as measured by the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and anxiety as measured by the Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale.
16

The Relationship Among Stress, Anxiety, Self Concept, Social Support and Illness in Children

Cowles, Janelle 12 1900 (has links)
This research study was designed to investigate the relationships of stress, anxiety, self concept, social support and illness in children and to examine the potential of specific cognitive mediating variables, self concept and anxiety, and an external mediating variable, social support and an interaction between self concept and social support, to significantly increase the efficiency of stress as a predictor of children's illness. The purposes of this study were (1) to determine if stressful life events, anxiety, self concept, social support, sex and illness are related in children, (2) to determine if stressful life events are an adequate predictor of illness in children, (3) to determine if a combination of anxiety, self concept and social support will increase the predictive efficiency concerning illness in children, (4) to provide information that may help develop a theoretical base concerning stressful life events and illness in children, and (5) to provide information that may be beneficial with regard to future research involving stress, anxiety, self concept, social support, sex and illness in children.
17

The Long-Term Effects of Early Life Stress on Anxiety-Related Behavior and Potential Therapy

Humayun, Mahnoor January 2020 (has links)
No description available.
18

Einflussfaktoren auf die Dentalphobie und das Vorsorgeverhalten von Patienten in der oralchirurgischen Praxis

Qorri, Rezart 03 January 2023 (has links)
In der vorliegenden Arbeit erfolgte ein Vergleich einer Patientengruppe im Hinblick auf ihre Zahnbehandlungsangst und weiterer psychischer Parameter. In einer Vielzahl von Studien wurden bereits Patienten in Zahnarztpraxen / Zahnkliniken zu ihrem psychischen Befinden in der Situation der Zahnbehandlung befragt. Eine Studie im zahnärztlichen Setting setzt allerdings voraus, dass das Angstniveau dieser Personen es zulässt, sich einer Zahnbehandlung zu unterziehen. Insgesamt haben 102 Patienten aus dem Vogtland an der Studie zur Zahnbehandlungsangst teilgenommen, die die gleichen Fragebögen zur Beurteilung ihrer psychischen Situation ausfüllten. Im deutschsprachigen Raum befanden sich beide Praxen im Vogltlandkreis. Die Zahnbehandlungsangst wurde mit der Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS) gemessen sowie mit zwei Items zur Angst vor der Behandlung mittels der Amsterdam Properative Anxiety Scale (APAIS). Die beiden Instrumente korrelierten signifikant stark miteinander (Spearman: r = 0,67, p = 0,000). Das Durchschnittsalter aller Teilnehmer betrug 40,3 (SD 15,74) Jahre. Auffällig war, dass mit einem Wert von 58,8 % mehr weibliche Personen als männliche Patienten an der Studie teilgenommen haben. Das Bildungsniveau der Patientengruppe befand sich unter den deutschen Durchschnitt (Statistisches Bundesamt). Darüber hinaus bestand bei den Probanden kein signifikant schlechter Gesundheitszustand, welcher in Beziehung zu höherem Alter, dem Geschlecht oder dem Bildungsniveau gesetzt werden könnte. Darüber hinaus wiesen die Probanden anhand des GSI (BSI-18) eine allgemeine, signifikant höhere psychische Belastung auf. Auffällig war, dass die mittleren Werte in den Subskalen Depressivität, Somatisierung und Ängstlichkeit signifikant höher waren. Im Vergleich aller Skalen nach niedriger und hoher Ängstlichkeit lag der mittlere Wert der gesamten Gruppe von GSI bei 8,17 (SD 8,08) mit einer hohen Signifikanz von p = 0,003, einer Somatisierung mit 2,08 (SD 2,82) p = 0,030, einer Depressivität von 1,64 (2,30) p = 0,010 sowie Ängstlichkeit von 4,45 (3,97) p = 0,001. Der mittlere Wert der DAS lag bei 21,78 (SD 2,66). Die Mittelwerte der APAIS (Angst vor der Behandlung) befanden sich bei 6,43 (SD 2,14). Die Patientengruppen unterschieden sich somit weder im Allgemeinen (BSI-18) noch im Speziellen auf das die Zahnbehandlung bezogene Angstniveau (DAS, APAIS) signifikant voneinander. Dennoch bestanden Unterschiede in den mittleren Werten für die mundgesundheits-bezogene Lebensqualität (OHIP) der Probanden, da sich diese signifikant voneinander unterschieden. Auch in Hinblick auf Einschränkungen der mundgesundheitsbezogenen Lebensqualität (OHIP) war in der Gruppe der hoch Ängstlichen ein starker Zusammenhang zum Angstniveau wahrnehmbar. Hinsichtlich des zahnmedizinischen Vorsorgeverhaltens hatten die Patienten auch einen signifikant schlechteren Vorsorgeindex vorzuweisen. Es ließ sich zudem feststellen, dass bei den meisten Patienten seit dem letzten Zahnarztbesuch signifikant mehr Zeit vergangen war. Patienten, die anhand der DAS Kategorisierung ein erhöhtes Angstniveau aufwiesen, ließen sich demnach auch seltener Zahnstein entfernen und eine professionelle Zahnreinigung durchführen. In der Zahnarztpraxis gaben Patienten mit einem erhöhten DAS-Angstniveau hingegen an, seltener zum Zahnarzt zu gehen als Patienten mit niedrigerer Angstausprägung. Das Angstniveau (DAS) der Patienten war schließlich auch im hohen Maß von der Art des Zahnarztbesuches abhängig. Je invasiver die Behandlung, desto mehr Angst hatten die Patienten vor dem Zahnarztbesuch. Auch die allgemeine psychische Belastung (BSI-18) war bei Patienten, die sich für eine Prophylaxebehandlung in der Zahnarztpraxis befanden, signifikant geringer. Die These, dass Personen, nachdem sie über das zahnmedizinische Setting befragt wurden, ein höheres Angstniveau aufzuweisen haben und auch den Zahnarztbesuch unter Umständen meiden, konnte in der vorliegenden Studie bestätigt werden. Deshalb ist es wichtig, dass sich Zahnärzte/Zahnärztinnen für das Thema „Zahnbehandlungsangst“ sensibilisieren, um Patienten mit erhöhtem Angstniveau entsprechend begegnen zu können.:1 Einleitung 1.1 Allgemeine Definitionen und Ausführungen zum Thema Angst 1.2 Zahnbehandlungsangst und Angststörungen 1.3 Zahnbehandlungsangst und andere psychische Störungen 1.4 Zahnbehandlungsangst, Mundgesundheit und somatische Störungen 1.5 Prävalenz 1.6 Ätiologie 1.7 Diagnostik 1.7.1 ICD-10 Kriterien der spezifischen Phobie (F40.2) 1.8 Zahnärztliche Screeninginstrumente zur Erhebung von Zahnbehandlungsangst 1.8.1 Screeninginstrumente (Fragebögen) 1.9 Statement 1.10 Therapie 1.11 Rückfallprophylaxe 2 Fragestellungen 3 Material und Methoden 3.1 Studiendesign 3.1.1Fragebogen 3.2 Beschreibung der Instrumente 3.2.1 Patientendokumentationsbogen 3.2.2 Gesundheitszustand 3.2.3 DAS - Dental Anxiety Scale nach Corah (1969) 3.2.4 Dental Fear Survey (DFS) 3.2.5 Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS) 3.2.6 BSI-18 (Brief Symptom Inventory 18) 3.2.7 The Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-5) 3.2.8 Mundgesundheit 3.2.9 L-1 – Kurzskala Lebenszufriedenheit – 1 3.2.10Skala Optimismus- Pessimismus-2 (SOP-2) 3.2.11OSS-3 – Oslo-3-Items Social Support Scale 3.3 Durchführung 3.4 Statistische Auswertung 4 Ergebnisse 4.1 Beschreibung des Patientenkollektivs 4.1.1 Soziodemografie 4.1.2 Zahnbehandlungsangst des Patientenkollektivs 4.1.3 Psychisches Befinden des Patientenkollektivs 4.2 Vorsorgeverhalten und Stellung der Mundgesundheit 4.2.1 Zusammenhang zwischen Zahnbehandlungsangst und anderen verwendeten Instrumenten 5 Diskussion 5.1 Patientenkollektiv 5.1.1 Soziodemographie der Gesamtgruppe 5.2 Soziodemographie - Vergleich der beiden Patientengruppen 5.2.1 Psychisches Befinden – Geschlechts-, Alters- und Bildungsspezifische Unterschiede 5.2.2 Vorsorgeverhalten und Einstellung zur Mundgesundheit – Vergleich der beiden Patientengruppen 5.2.3 Zahnbehandlungsangst im Zusammenhang mit anderen verwendeten Instrumenten 5.3 Kritische Betrachtung 5.4 Ausblick 5.4.1 Implikationen für die Forschung 5.4.2 Implikationen für die Praxis 6 Zusammenfassung Summary Literaturverzeichnis I Tabellenverzeichnis XVII Abbildungsverzeichnis XIX Abkürzungen XX Anhang XXI Danksagung XXIX Erklärungen XXX
19

Effects of Adlerian Parent Education on Parents' Stress and Perception of Their Learning Disabled Child's Behavior

Latson, Sherry R. (Sherry Rose) 08 1900 (has links)
This study examined the effects of an Adlerian-based parent education program on parental stress and perception of Learning Disabled (LD) childrens' behavior. Forty parents, randomly assigned to treatment or waiting-list control groups, took the Parental Stress Index (PSI) and the Adlerian Parental Assessment of Child Behavior Rating Scale (APACBS) as pre and post tests. Parents in the treatment group attended a six-session Active Parenting program. No significant differences were found on the analysis of covariance for perceived parental stress following the parent education program. Seventy percent of the parents in this study had total PSI scores in the range defined as high stress by the PSI author. All of the PSI Child Domain pretest z scores were elevated indicating that parents perceive their LD children to be demanding, moody, distractible, and unadaptable. LD children's behavior is perceived as unacceptable and does not positively reinforce parents. The elevated z scores on the PSI parent Domain pretest indicate that parents of LD children feel less competent as parents and experience less attachment to their children than do parents of normal children. No significant differences were found on the APACBS following treatment, but 80 percent of the parents in the treatment group did perceive some positive behavior change. A positive correlation was found between the PSI and the APACBS indicating that perceived parental stress and child behavior are related. Parents identified 67 perceived stresors of raising LD children on a questionnaire. The results of this study indicate that parents of LD children perceive themselves to experience greater parenting stress than parents of normal childrenn. This perceived parental stress was not reduced and perception of children's behavior was not improved after participation in the Active Parenting program. Therefore, parent education groups for parents of LD children may need to be smaller, provide more time to address the issues specific to raising an LD child, and include a stronger counseling emphasis in order to provide more emotional support for these highly stressed parents.
20

Kinder als Begleitpersonen in Notaufnahmen: Übertragbarkeit von kindgerechten Gestaltungskonzepten auf Zentrale Notaufnahmen

Burgdorf, Julia 08 July 2022 (has links)
In Zentralen Notaufnahmen (ZNA) stellen Kinder als Begleitperson von erwachsenen Patient:innen keine Hauptnutzergruppe dar und werden in der gestalterischen Planung wenig berücksichtigt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden Gestaltungskonzepte aus Wartebereichen in pädiatrischen Krankenhäusern untersucht und ihre Übertragbarkeit auf ZNA geprüft. Dafür wurden die räumlichen Ansprüche von Kindern an ihre Umgebung betrachtet. Zur Beantwortung der Frage, welche Gestaltungskonzepte übertragbar sind, wurden Bewertungskriterien für stress- und angstmindernde Maßnahmen aus der aktuellen Fachliteratur herausgearbeitet. Darauf aufbauend wurden die Anforderungen von pädiatrischen Patient:innen definiert. Anhand von Praxisbeispielen aus dem europäischen Raum wurde die architektonische Umsetzung dieser Literaturkriterien analysiert. Die Umsetzbarkeit in ZNA wurde im Anschluss bewertet und Gestaltungsempfehlungen formuliert. Die Datenerhebung zeigt, dass Kinder besondere Ansprüche an ihre Umgebung stellen, die in gestalterischen Prozessen wenig berücksichtigt werden. Eine architektonische Gestaltung, die positive Ablenkung und Beschäftigungsmöglichkeiten bietet, verbessert die Wartesituation für Kinder als Begleitpersonen.

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