• Refine Query
  • Source
  • Publication year
  • to
  • Language
  • 9
  • 5
  • 1
  • Tagged with
  • 17
  • 17
  • 8
  • 6
  • 6
  • 6
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 5
  • 4
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • 3
  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
11

Utilização da espectrometria de massas no estudo de produtos de transformação/degradação de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário

Segalin, Jéferson January 2015 (has links)
A espectrometria de massas, acoplada ou não a outras técnicas, tem sido de grande utilidade na determinação de novos compostos, produtos de transformação/degradação, metabólitos e na quantificação em nível de traços nas mais diferentes matrizes, devido à grande versatilidade dessa técnica, especialmente em relação aos modos de análise. Neste trabalho foi sistematizada uma metodologia para a aplicação das técnicas de espectrometria de massas na identificação de produtos de transformação/degradação de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário. Ferramentas da química computacional foram utilizadas para auxiliar na elucidação das estruturas dos compostos formados. A metodologia foi empregada para a identificação e quantificação dos produtos de transformação/degradação da rosuvastatina, gerados durante o processo de fotocatálise heterogênea com ZnO, para a identificação dos produtos de transformação/degradação gerados durante a fotólise em meio aquoso do sulfamentoxazol, ciprofloxacino e norfloxacino, e para a quantificação da amoxicilina transferida ao leite bovino. A viabilidade de se realizar a identificação de metabólitos da amoxicilina presentes no leite bovino por meio do mesmo processo de preparo de amostra e de análise utilizado para a quantificação também foi avaliada. Foram identificados dez principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotocatálise da rosuvstatina, dez principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do sulfametoxazol, quinze principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do ciprofloxacino e quinze principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do norfloxacino. A metodologia empregada para a quantificação da amoxicilina em leite bovino se demostrou adequada, mas estudos adicionais são necessários para que seja possível identificar os seus metabólitos nessa matriz. Os resultados dos cálculos ab initio que foram utilizados para o estudo dos produtos de transformação/degradação da rosuvastatina e sulfametoxazol mostram que essa técnica pode ser bastante útil na elucidação estrutural dos compostos que são formados. / Mass spectrometry, coupled or not with other techniques, is very useful for the determination of new compounds, transformation/degradation products, metabolites and quantification at trace levels in many different matrices, due to the versatility of such a technique, specially regarding to analysis modes. In the present work a methodology was systematized for the application of mass spectrometry techniques in order to identify metabolites and transformation/degradation products for human and veterinary drugs usage. Computational chemistry tools were used to assist in the elucidation of the structure of the compounds formed during the process. The methodology was employed for identification and quantification of rosuvastatin transformation/degradation products generated during the heterogeneous photocatalysis process with ZnO, for the identification of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacion transformation/degradation products generated during the photolysis in aqueous medium and for quantifying amoxicillin transferred to bovine milk. The feasibility of identification of amoxicillin metabolites present in bovine milk using the same sample preparation procedure exploited for the quantification analysis was also assessed. Ten main transformation/degradation products of rosuvastatin photocatalysis were identified, as well as ten main transformation/degradation products of sulfamethoxaxole photolysis in aqueous medium, fifteen main transformation/degradation products of ciprofloxacin photolysis in aqueous medium and fifteen main transformation/degradation products of norfloxacin photolysis in aqueous medium. The methodology applied for the bovine milk amoxicillin quantification was demonstrated to be adequate, but additional studies are needed to identify amoxicillin metabolites in the milk matrix. The results of ab initio calculations utilised for the study of rosuvastatin and sulfamethoxazole transformation/degradation products show that this technique can be very useful for the structural elucidation of chemical compounds which are formed.
12

Utilização da espectrometria de massas no estudo de produtos de transformação/degradação de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário

Segalin, Jéferson January 2015 (has links)
A espectrometria de massas, acoplada ou não a outras técnicas, tem sido de grande utilidade na determinação de novos compostos, produtos de transformação/degradação, metabólitos e na quantificação em nível de traços nas mais diferentes matrizes, devido à grande versatilidade dessa técnica, especialmente em relação aos modos de análise. Neste trabalho foi sistematizada uma metodologia para a aplicação das técnicas de espectrometria de massas na identificação de produtos de transformação/degradação de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário. Ferramentas da química computacional foram utilizadas para auxiliar na elucidação das estruturas dos compostos formados. A metodologia foi empregada para a identificação e quantificação dos produtos de transformação/degradação da rosuvastatina, gerados durante o processo de fotocatálise heterogênea com ZnO, para a identificação dos produtos de transformação/degradação gerados durante a fotólise em meio aquoso do sulfamentoxazol, ciprofloxacino e norfloxacino, e para a quantificação da amoxicilina transferida ao leite bovino. A viabilidade de se realizar a identificação de metabólitos da amoxicilina presentes no leite bovino por meio do mesmo processo de preparo de amostra e de análise utilizado para a quantificação também foi avaliada. Foram identificados dez principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotocatálise da rosuvstatina, dez principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do sulfametoxazol, quinze principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do ciprofloxacino e quinze principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do norfloxacino. A metodologia empregada para a quantificação da amoxicilina em leite bovino se demostrou adequada, mas estudos adicionais são necessários para que seja possível identificar os seus metabólitos nessa matriz. Os resultados dos cálculos ab initio que foram utilizados para o estudo dos produtos de transformação/degradação da rosuvastatina e sulfametoxazol mostram que essa técnica pode ser bastante útil na elucidação estrutural dos compostos que são formados. / Mass spectrometry, coupled or not with other techniques, is very useful for the determination of new compounds, transformation/degradation products, metabolites and quantification at trace levels in many different matrices, due to the versatility of such a technique, specially regarding to analysis modes. In the present work a methodology was systematized for the application of mass spectrometry techniques in order to identify metabolites and transformation/degradation products for human and veterinary drugs usage. Computational chemistry tools were used to assist in the elucidation of the structure of the compounds formed during the process. The methodology was employed for identification and quantification of rosuvastatin transformation/degradation products generated during the heterogeneous photocatalysis process with ZnO, for the identification of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacion transformation/degradation products generated during the photolysis in aqueous medium and for quantifying amoxicillin transferred to bovine milk. The feasibility of identification of amoxicillin metabolites present in bovine milk using the same sample preparation procedure exploited for the quantification analysis was also assessed. Ten main transformation/degradation products of rosuvastatin photocatalysis were identified, as well as ten main transformation/degradation products of sulfamethoxaxole photolysis in aqueous medium, fifteen main transformation/degradation products of ciprofloxacin photolysis in aqueous medium and fifteen main transformation/degradation products of norfloxacin photolysis in aqueous medium. The methodology applied for the bovine milk amoxicillin quantification was demonstrated to be adequate, but additional studies are needed to identify amoxicillin metabolites in the milk matrix. The results of ab initio calculations utilised for the study of rosuvastatin and sulfamethoxazole transformation/degradation products show that this technique can be very useful for the structural elucidation of chemical compounds which are formed.
13

Utilização da espectrometria de massas no estudo de produtos de transformação/degradação de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário

Segalin, Jéferson January 2015 (has links)
A espectrometria de massas, acoplada ou não a outras técnicas, tem sido de grande utilidade na determinação de novos compostos, produtos de transformação/degradação, metabólitos e na quantificação em nível de traços nas mais diferentes matrizes, devido à grande versatilidade dessa técnica, especialmente em relação aos modos de análise. Neste trabalho foi sistematizada uma metodologia para a aplicação das técnicas de espectrometria de massas na identificação de produtos de transformação/degradação de fármacos de uso humano e veterinário. Ferramentas da química computacional foram utilizadas para auxiliar na elucidação das estruturas dos compostos formados. A metodologia foi empregada para a identificação e quantificação dos produtos de transformação/degradação da rosuvastatina, gerados durante o processo de fotocatálise heterogênea com ZnO, para a identificação dos produtos de transformação/degradação gerados durante a fotólise em meio aquoso do sulfamentoxazol, ciprofloxacino e norfloxacino, e para a quantificação da amoxicilina transferida ao leite bovino. A viabilidade de se realizar a identificação de metabólitos da amoxicilina presentes no leite bovino por meio do mesmo processo de preparo de amostra e de análise utilizado para a quantificação também foi avaliada. Foram identificados dez principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotocatálise da rosuvstatina, dez principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do sulfametoxazol, quinze principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do ciprofloxacino e quinze principais produtos de transformação/degradação da fotólise em meio aquoso do norfloxacino. A metodologia empregada para a quantificação da amoxicilina em leite bovino se demostrou adequada, mas estudos adicionais são necessários para que seja possível identificar os seus metabólitos nessa matriz. Os resultados dos cálculos ab initio que foram utilizados para o estudo dos produtos de transformação/degradação da rosuvastatina e sulfametoxazol mostram que essa técnica pode ser bastante útil na elucidação estrutural dos compostos que são formados. / Mass spectrometry, coupled or not with other techniques, is very useful for the determination of new compounds, transformation/degradation products, metabolites and quantification at trace levels in many different matrices, due to the versatility of such a technique, specially regarding to analysis modes. In the present work a methodology was systematized for the application of mass spectrometry techniques in order to identify metabolites and transformation/degradation products for human and veterinary drugs usage. Computational chemistry tools were used to assist in the elucidation of the structure of the compounds formed during the process. The methodology was employed for identification and quantification of rosuvastatin transformation/degradation products generated during the heterogeneous photocatalysis process with ZnO, for the identification of sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacion transformation/degradation products generated during the photolysis in aqueous medium and for quantifying amoxicillin transferred to bovine milk. The feasibility of identification of amoxicillin metabolites present in bovine milk using the same sample preparation procedure exploited for the quantification analysis was also assessed. Ten main transformation/degradation products of rosuvastatin photocatalysis were identified, as well as ten main transformation/degradation products of sulfamethoxaxole photolysis in aqueous medium, fifteen main transformation/degradation products of ciprofloxacin photolysis in aqueous medium and fifteen main transformation/degradation products of norfloxacin photolysis in aqueous medium. The methodology applied for the bovine milk amoxicillin quantification was demonstrated to be adequate, but additional studies are needed to identify amoxicillin metabolites in the milk matrix. The results of ab initio calculations utilised for the study of rosuvastatin and sulfamethoxazole transformation/degradation products show that this technique can be very useful for the structural elucidation of chemical compounds which are formed.
14

Studies towards the total synthesis and structure elucidation of leiodolide A

Mould, Katy M. January 2013 (has links)
Leiodolide A is a unique natural product isolated from Pacific marine sponges which has provided an interesting target for total synthesis due to its complex structure and undefined stereochemistry. Although synthetic work towards the synthesis of sister compound leiodolide B has been published, the total synthesis of leiodolide A is yet to be achieved but remains an important target due to high potency against leukaemia, non-small lung and ovarian cancers. The convergent strategy towards the synthesis of leiodolide A involved the synthesis of three subunits; a synthetic route to the C21-C25 vinyl stannane is described, and efforts towards the synthesis of the bidirectional C11-C20 subunit are detailed. Asymmetric vinylogous aldol methodology was developed for the installation of the 1,2-syn propionate motif found in the C1-C10 subunit and in other polypropionate natural products, and was shown to be applicable to a range of substrates in moderate diastereoselectivity and excellent enantioselectivity.
15

Method Development in Quantitative and Structural Proteomics using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Hagman, Charlotte January 2005 (has links)
<p>In this thesis, methods for studying different aspects of proteomics were developed with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance, (FTICR), mass spectrometry. The FTICR technique provides ultra-high mass resolving power, mass accuracy at sub ppm level and sensitivity in the attomole region.</p><p>Methods for quantifying biomarkers in body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, (CSF), and plasma were developed. Two sets of global markers with different properties were used for quantitative analysis; S-Methyl Thioacetimidate, (SMTA), and S-Methyl Thiopropionimidate, (SMTP), and [H<sub>4</sub>]- and [D<sub>4</sub>]-1-Nicotinoyloxy succinimide ester. Reduced ion suppression and higher sensitivity was obtained by coupling a High Performance Liquid Chromatography, (HPLC), system to the FTICR mass spectrometer.</p><p>In body fluids, proteins and peptides are present in a broad dynamic concentration range. Therefore, depleting abundant proteins prior to analysis results in decreased ion suppression and increased sensitivity. Two commercial depletion kits were evaluated with the SMTA- and SMTP-markers.</p><p>For both types of global markers, the experimental error for quantitative analysis of abundant proteins was less than 30%. This provides a lower limit for the protein up- and down regulations in complex solutions that can be monitored with HPLC-FTICR mass spectrometry.</p><p>Together with the identity and quantity of selected proteins the structure, dynamics and interactions with other molecules are of great importance. The later can be elucidated with Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange, (HDX), mass spectrometry. Structural information at high resolution can be obtained with Collision-Induced Dissociation, (CID), HDX mass spectrometry. In this thesis, exchange rates of amide hydrogens in peptides were in excellent agreement with NMR results.</p><p>In some cases, the CID-fragments have different gas-phase exchange properties and as a consequence the solution phase exchange process can not be monitored. By applying Electron Capture Dissociation, (ECD), at ultra-high vacuum, the exchange process at a specific residue could be monitored.</p>
16

Method Development in Quantitative and Structural Proteomics using Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Spectrometry

Hagman, Charlotte January 2005 (has links)
In this thesis, methods for studying different aspects of proteomics were developed with Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance, (FTICR), mass spectrometry. The FTICR technique provides ultra-high mass resolving power, mass accuracy at sub ppm level and sensitivity in the attomole region. Methods for quantifying biomarkers in body fluids such as cerebrospinal fluid, (CSF), and plasma were developed. Two sets of global markers with different properties were used for quantitative analysis; S-Methyl Thioacetimidate, (SMTA), and S-Methyl Thiopropionimidate, (SMTP), and [H4]- and [D4]-1-Nicotinoyloxy succinimide ester. Reduced ion suppression and higher sensitivity was obtained by coupling a High Performance Liquid Chromatography, (HPLC), system to the FTICR mass spectrometer. In body fluids, proteins and peptides are present in a broad dynamic concentration range. Therefore, depleting abundant proteins prior to analysis results in decreased ion suppression and increased sensitivity. Two commercial depletion kits were evaluated with the SMTA- and SMTP-markers. For both types of global markers, the experimental error for quantitative analysis of abundant proteins was less than 30%. This provides a lower limit for the protein up- and down regulations in complex solutions that can be monitored with HPLC-FTICR mass spectrometry. Together with the identity and quantity of selected proteins the structure, dynamics and interactions with other molecules are of great importance. The later can be elucidated with Hydrogen/Deuterium Exchange, (HDX), mass spectrometry. Structural information at high resolution can be obtained with Collision-Induced Dissociation, (CID), HDX mass spectrometry. In this thesis, exchange rates of amide hydrogens in peptides were in excellent agreement with NMR results. In some cases, the CID-fragments have different gas-phase exchange properties and as a consequence the solution phase exchange process can not be monitored. By applying Electron Capture Dissociation, (ECD), at ultra-high vacuum, the exchange process at a specific residue could be monitored.
17

An ethnopharmacological study of medicinal plants of the Kamilaroi and Muruwari aboriginal communitites in northern New South Wales

Liu, Qian January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (PhD)-- Macquarie University, Division of Environmental and Life Sciences, Dept. of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science. 2006. / Bibliography: p. 229-249. / Ch. 1. Introduction -- ch. 2. An ethnobotanical study with the Kamilaroi and Muruwari Aboriginal communities and relationship building -- ch. 3. Biological assay methods and optimisation -- ch. 4. Ethnopharmacological study of Eremophila sturtii -- ch. 5. Ethnopharmacological study of Exocarpos aphyllus -- ch. 6. General conclusions -- Appendices. / This study covered the documentation of first-hand medicinal plant knowledge of Aboriginal communities in northern New South Wales through the isolation and characterisation of bioactive compounds from Aboriginal medicinal plants. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / xx, 249 p. col. ill., maps, ports

Page generated in 0.1364 seconds