This thesis deals with multidisciplinary cooperation in residential facilities for the elderly (so- called MTD). I'm going to focus on retirement houses. The theoretical part deals with old age, fundamental documents defining social rights and basic values in the care of the elderly. It also deals with cooperation team composition in retirement houses for the elderly, development phases, principles and barriers to the functioning of a multidisciplinary team. In the empirical part I deal with the description of the data collecting and analysing the results of questionnaire survey and interviews. The aim of my thesis is to find out with what barriers of multidisciplinary cooperation retirement houses deals with. In the practical part, I looked for obstacles affecting their functioning and also what would contribute to the creation of a team in a retirement house. Keywords cooperation multidisciplinary team seniors care residential facilities self-sufficiency

This research explored the perceived factors that influenced the decisions of single and married mothers to enroll or not enroll in post-secondary education. The study then investigated the relationship between educational level and income for single mothers in Utah. From a survey of 1197 Utah mothers, this study concluded that mothers enroll in post-secondary education out of desire and necessity, and there is a relationship between an educational attainment level of a Bachelor's degree of higher and the ability of a single mother to gain economic stability. Specifically, single mothers enroll in post-secondary education for financial reasons while married mothers enroll more often for personal improvement. Family and friends are important supports for mothers who decide to enroll in post-secondary education. Time is a perceived barrier for single and married mothers who decide not to enroll in post-secondary education, and money is a barrier for single mothers who decide not to enroll in post-secondary education. Married mothers in this research would enroll in post-secondary education if a life event required them to become the financial provider for the family. Strategies for dealing with insufficient income sometimes vary by educational level of the single mothers in this research. However, assets, sufficient income and money left over at the end of the month are significantly different depending on educational level, most often the Bachelor's degree or higher. Lastly, while to no significant difference was found between the employment rate and educational level of single mothers in this research, significance was found between the educational level and income of single mothers.

After the repeal of the Corn Laws ended the policy of protectionism which had enabled Britain to feed herself from within her own resources, free trade resulted in domestic food production constituting only 30% of the British diet. This study looks at the political discourse from 1880 to 1939 when the ¿empty countryside¿ became a symbol of agricultural decline. Emerging radical and socialist narratives put forward approaches for rural regeneration and increased food production. Other narratives suggested that agricultural decline was one manifestation of national decline whereby a self sufficient and proud nation was being betrayed by Capitalism. Both Left and Right offered up the prospect of different solutions predicated upon shared perceptions of ¿Englishness.¿ The experience of Irish famine failed to inform political action or policy making. The study notes the importance of War upon the development of food policy. Increasingly, the State joined forces with the NFU in a corporate endeavour which sought to manage, rather than increase, food production and created structures which became increasingly important in the context of rearmament. Increased food production was rejected upon defence grounds in that free trade and a navy were seen as appropriate safeguards. Those countries which sought to follow self sufficiency ¿ or autarky ¿ are portrayed as warlike in their intentions; by 1939 all mainstream political parties rejected the notion of artificially increased food production. Those who continued to press for increased food production concentrated either upon earlier pre Capitalist societies or were attracted by Fascism and strong leadership. After such searches became increasingly problematic there was emphasis upon the soil, with the adoption of an approach which was both practical and mystical.

Knowledge of species occurrence is a prerequisite for efficient and effective conservation and management. Unfortunately, knowledge of species occurrence is usually insufficient, so models that use environmental predictors and species occurrence records are used to predict species occurrence. Predicting the occurrence of stream fishes is often difficult because sampling data insufficiently describe species occurrence and important environmental conditions and predictive models insufficiently describe relations between species and environmental conditions. This dissertation 1) examines the sufficiency of fish species occurrence records at four spatial extents in Virginia, 2) compares modeling methods for predicting stream fish occurrence, and 3) assesses relations between species traits and model prediction characteristics. The sufficiency of sampling is infrequently addressed at the large spatial extents at which many management and conservation actions take place. In the first chapter of this dissertation I examine factors that determine the sufficiency of sampling to describe stream fish species richness at four spatial extents across Virginia using sampling simulations. Few regions of Virginia are sufficiently sampled, portending difficulty in accurately predicting fish species occurrence in most regions. The sufficient number of samples is often large and varies among regions and spatial scales, but it can be substantially reduced by reducing errors of sampling omission and increasing the spatial coverage of samples. Many methods are used to predict species occurrence. In the second chapter of this dissertation I compare the accuracy of the predictions of occurrence of seven species in each of three regions using linear discriminant function, generalized linear, classification tree, and artificial neural network statistical models. I also assess the efficacy of stream classification methods for predicting species occurrence. No modeling method proved distinctly superior. Species occurrence data and predictor data quality and quantity limited the success of predictions of stream fish occurrence for all methods. How predictive models are built and applied may be more important than the statistical method used. The accuracy, generality (transferability), and resolution of predictions of species occurrence vary among species. The ability to anticipate and understand variation in prediction characteristics among species can facilitate the proper application of predictions of species occurrence. In the third chapter of this dissertation I describe some conservation implications of relations between predicted occurrence characteristics and species traits for fishes in the upper Tennessee River drainage. Usually weak relations and variation in the strength and direction of relations among families precludes the accurate prediction of predicted occurrence characteristics. Most predictions of species occurrence have insufficient accuracy and resolution to guide conservation decisions at fine spatial grains. Comparison of my results with alternative model predictions and the results of many models described in peer-reviewed journals suggests that this is a common problem. Predictions of species occurrence should be rigorously assessed and cautiously applied to conservation problems. Collectively, the three chapters of this dissertation demonstrate some important limitations of models that are used to predict species occurrence. Model predictions of species occurrence are often used in lieu of sufficient species occurrence data. However, regardless of the method used to predict species occurrence most predictions have relatively low accuracy, generality and resolution. Model predictions of species occurrence can facilitate management and conservation, but they should be rigorously assessed and applied cautiously. / Ph. D.

This thesis investigates the relationship between smallholder farm household networks for food acquisition and agricultural production, food security and dietary quality in the Mount Elgon region of western Kenya and eastern Uganda. Food security and dietary quality were measured through calorie consumption of the female household head in a 24 hour dietary recall, the calculation the World Food Program Food Consumption Score (WFP FCS), and the calculation of the percentage of energy sourced from staples in the diet. Correlations between these indicators support that the WFP FCS is capturing elements of both sufficiency and quality of diet. Subsequent application of Ordinary Least Squares regression determines that both food acquisition networks and technology networks for agricultural production have a statistically significant positive impact upon calorie procurement across the sites included in the study. However, networks for agricultural production appear to operate differently in different locations with regard to dietary quality. Interpretation of qualitative data gathered through interviews with agricultural service sector providers and focus groups regarding these local networks for agricultural production suggests that this might be due to differences in the types of crops promoted and attitudes held regarding food security and dietary quality prevalent in these different localities. Overall, the results suggest that both food acquisition networks and agricultural production networks are important avenues through which gains in food security may be realized. However, development efforts need to be mindful of the crops and attitudes promoted by these networks to secure gains in both caloric sufficiency and dietary quality. / Master of Science / CCRA-8 (Technology Networks for Sustainable Innovation)

<p dir="ltr">This study investigated the association between food sufficiency and self-evaluated health status, along with the major determinants influencing them, such as food accessibility, participation in food assistance programs, gender, trust in health-care provider, transportation accessibility, generations, etc. In this research, we applied a bivariate ordered probit model to two different datasets: the North Central Region: Baseline Survey 2022 (NCR-Stat: Baseline) and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to examine the potential association between the various determinants and food sufficiency and self-evaluated health. As obtained, the results from the NCR-Stat dataset suggest that food accessibility and trust in healthcare providers are positively associated with better self-evaluated health and food sufficiency. Additionally, female respondents tend to report negative health association and significant food insufficiency compared to their male counterparts. The findings from the NHIS dataset indicated a positive association between transportation accessibility to healthcare facilities and better health and food security. Similar to the NCR-Stat results, female respondents from NHIS experienced higher levels of food insecurity. However, younger generations demonstrated positive association with better health, but negative association with food security in NHIS, which is similar to the North Central Region’s (NCR) survey data outcomes. We also found that homeownership, physical activity, higher educational attainment, and higher income levels positively correlate with food sufficiency and better self-reported health for the respondents of both datasets.</p>

The primary aim of this thesis was to use the calculation instrument for the solar energy potential map of Landskrona to simulate several PV systems to a sanitation company. The calculation tool is designed to calculate the profitability and environmental benefits of installing solar panels. The calculation tool was adapted in order to compare cost efficiency, environmental benefit and degree of self-sufficiency and self- consumption for the solutions. The PV system was planned to a company, Landskrona Svalöv Renhållning (LSR). Furthermore, four different ways to construct the PV system were investigated; flat against the roof, tilted with respect to the roof, tilted with respect to the roof and oriented (azimuth angle), as well as an installation with a string of tilted PV modules together with PV modules mounted flat against the roof. Variation of the system configurations was achieved by changing the parameters tilt and azimuth angle. The capacity was adjusted so that the annual production would be 83 500 kWh for all the studied systems. The different systems were optimized in two ways; first for the most output per module, and secondly for the greatest self-sufficiency in order to minimize the losses of excess production. PV modules optimally oriented for production per module provides the highest profitability and lowest payback period. The study suggests that photovoltaic systems are a competitive installation for LSR even without subsidies. The degree of self-consumption was 11 %. Simulation results showed that the degree of self-sufficiency could only be increased marginally by simply changing the orientation of solar cells (with power adapted to maintained production level). There was no significant benefit from tilting the solar cells by 90 ° to increase self-sufficiency in the winter. The simulations showed that almost all of the produced electricity was used to LSR 's internal load. This high degree of self-consumption showed very little excess electricity was produced. LSR is connected to the medium voltage power grid via two transformers. The surplus production covered only part of the no-load losses in transformers. Surplus electricity could therefore not be sold, but the high self-consumption rate limited this loss of revenue. The solar electricity from crystalline silicon cells, results in slightly higher greenhouse gas emissions than wind power but much lower than the production mix of electricity available in the market. The self-produced solar electricity contributed to the environment because LSR did not have to buy the contracted wind electricity, which then became available for others. The study's conclusions are that a PV system is likely to be profitable for LSR. Self-sufficiency would be about 11%, and the self-consumption rate of 98%. The environmental benefit consisted of the contribution of renewable energy in the mix of electricity generation on the market. / Huvudsyftet med denna rapport var att simulera olika solcellsanläggningar med ett beräkningsverktyg till en renhållningsverksamhet. Beräkningsverktyget är framtaget till solpotentialkartan över Landskrona för att beräkna lönsamheten och miljönyttan av att installera solceller. Beräkningsverktyget anpassades för att jämföra kostnadseffektiviteten, självförsörjningsgraden, självkonsumtionsgraden och miljönyttan med olika systemlösningar på solcellsanläggningar. Landskrona Svalövs Renhållning (LSR) var den renhållningsverksamhet de simulerade solcellsanläggningarna anpassades till. Först antogs fyra olika sätt att anlägga solcellerna på; platt, uppvinklat från tak, uppvinklat från tak och riktat (azimutvinkeln) samt en systemlösning med en sträng solceller som var uppvinklade tillsammans med en grupp platt anlagda solceller. Sedan utfördes simuleringar genom att ändra parametrarna vinkel och azimutvinkel. Effekten anpassades så att årsproduktionen var 83 500 kWh för alla de studerade systemen. Dessa olika systemlösningar optimerades på två sätt. För det första, till största produktion per modul, för det andra till största självförsörjningsgrad. Den högsta lönsamheten och lägsta återbetalningstiden gav den solcellsanläggning vars moduler var optimalt orienterad för produktion per modul. Studien pekar mot att en solcellsanläggning för LSR är en konkurrenskraftig installation utan statligt stöd. I de simulerade fallen täckte den egenanvända elen den totala elanvändningen till ca 11 %.  Simuleringsresultaten visade att denna självförsörjningsgrad endast gick att höja marginellt genom att ändra på orienteringen (med effekt anpassad så att produktionsnivån bibehölls). Det fanns ingen signifikant nytta av att anlägga solceller i 90° för att öka självförsörjningen under vintern. Simuleringarna visade att nästan all egen elproduktion användes till LSR:s interna last. Denna höga självkonsumtionsgrad visade att mycket lite överskott av el producerades. LSR är anslutna till högspänningsnätet via två transformatorer. Överskottsproduktionen täckte bara en del av tomgångsförlusterna i transformatorerna. Överskottselen kunde därmed inte säljas, men den höga självkonsumtionsgraden begränsade denna förlust av intäkter. Solkraft från solceller av kristallina solceller har något högre växthusgasutsläpp än vindkraftsel men mycket lägre än den produktionsmix av el som finns på marknaden. Egen solelproduktion bidrog till miljönyttan eftersom LSR inte behövde köpa den kontrakterade vindkraften då de använde egen solel och elen från vindkraft blev tillgänglig för andra. Studiens slutsatser är att en solcellsanläggning sannolikt skulle vara lönsam för LSR. Självförsörjningsgraden skulle bli ca 11 % och självkonsumtionsgraden över 98 %. Miljönyttan bestod i tillskott av förnybar el i den mix av elproduktion som fanns på marknaden.

L'exposé du droit fiscal, procède d'une démarche verticale. Partant d'un sommet, constitué du rappel des grands principes généraux gouvernant l'état du droit contemporain, il descend vers la description des règles d'assiette, de liquidation, de recouvrement et de contentieux de l'impôt. Mais au niveau concret de l'acte d'imposition, le droit fiscal apparaît morcelé dans des cédules indépendantes, au sein d'un empilement de règles et de solutions pragmatiques, visant à imposer à tous les coups. Les notions d'autonomie ou de réalisme du droit fiscal sont même invoquées. Les acteurs du droit fiscal tentent alors de trouver des justifications juridiques dans ces cédules, en utilisant les concepts tirés du droit privé, tels la personnalité juridique ou le patrimoine. Des confusions et contresens graves et paradoxaux, ne tardent pas à apparaître, mettant en cause ces notions civilistes invoquées. La prise en compte dans la méthodologie fiscale, de la notion de cédule, considérée comme ensemble de biens affectés fiscalement et de façon autonome, à la détermination de la matière imposable, offre des perspectives fructueuses. Cette notion de cédule-ensemble paraît rendre compte des solutions fiscales du droit positif, ce dernier raisonnant en considérant de tels ensembles fiscaux. La systématisation de cette méthodologie permet d'améliorer le rendement de l'impôt, ce que recherche justement le fisc. Mais elle offre en contrepartie, au citoyen-contribuable, des moyens nouveaux pour faire valoir ses droits.Le travail de recherche proposé vise à montrer l'échec du raisonnement par cédule-catégorie, qui semble toujours justifier les solutions prises, pour constater que, dans le droit positif fiscal, émerge la notion de cédule-ensemble, qui mériterait d'être systématisée tant elle offre de perspectives fructueuses. / A fiscal law description is a vertical process. Leaving from the top, made up of the reminder of the main general principles governing the state of modern law, it goes down to the description of base, liquidation, collection and tax litigation rules. But at the concrete level of the taxation act, fiscal law appears divided into separate categories, within a pile-up of rules and practical solutions aimed at taxing whenever possible. The concepts of fiscal law self-sufficiency or realism are even mentioned. Fiscal law players then try to find legal justifications in such categories, using concepts derived from private law, such as the legal status or estate. Serious and paradoxical mistakes and misinterpretations soon emerge, which challenge the claimed civilian concepts.Taking into account, in fiscal methodology, the concept of income category, regarded as a set of pieces of properties fiscally or separately assigned to the determination of the taxable matter, offers promising prospects. That concept of set-category seems to translate fiscal solutions of positive law, which reasons on the basis of such fiscal sets. Generalising that methodology helps improve the yield of taxation, which is the tax department’s goal. Yet in exchange, it provides tax payers with new means for asserting their rights.The proposed research work attempts to show the failure of the category approach, which always seems to justify the solutions chosen, and to acknowledge that in positive fiscal law, the concept of set-category is emerging, and would deserve to be generalised, owing to its promising prospects.

Orientador: Leandro Borges Lemos / Resumo: Práticas mais sustentáveis envolvendo a fixação biológica de nitrogênio (FBN) e o uso do clorofilômetro portátil no manejo da adubação têm se mostrado promissoras para aumentar a eficiência do uso de nitrogênio (N) na cultura do feijoeiro-comum. Objetivou-se monitorar manejos de fornecimento de N com o uso do clorofilômetro portátil e avaliar seus efeitos nos atributos agronômicos e qualitativos de cultivares de feijoeiro-comum do tipo carioca de crescimento indeterminado e determinado (IPR Campos Gerais e IAC Imperador). O experimento foi implantado no delineamento em blocos casualizados (DBC), no esquema fatorial 2 x 9, com quatro repetições. O primeiro fator foi constituído pelas cultivares e o segundo fator pelos seguintes manejos de fornecimento de N: MT: Testemunha sem inoculação e sem adubação de N em cobertura; MRiz: Testemunha inoculada com Rhizobium tropici e sem aplicação de N em cobertura; MRiz+Clo: Inoculação com Rhizobium tropici + 30 kg ha-1 de N quando o índice de suficiência de N (ISN) determinado com o uso do clorofilômetro portátil for inferior a 90%; MRiz+Clo+Azo: Inoculação com Rhizobium tropici + de 30 kg ha-1 de N quando ISN < 90% + aplicação de Azospirillum brasilense via foliar (V4); MClo: 30 kg ha-1 de N quando ISN < 90%; M45: 45 kg ha-1 de N em V4; M90: 90 kg ha-1 de N em V4; M135: 135 kg ha-1 de N em V4; MRef: 90 kg ha-1 de N em V3 + 90 kg ha-1 de N em V4. Realizou-se o monitoramento do índice de clorofila e a avaliação dos teores de N foliar ao lo... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: More sustainable practices involving biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) and the use of portable chlorophyll meter in fertilization management are promising to increase nitrogen (N) use efficiency in the common bean crop. This study aimed to monitor N supply managements using a portable chlorophyll meter and its effects on agronomic and qualitative attributes of Carioca-type common bean cultivars with indeterminate and determinate growth habits (IPR Campos Gerais and IAC Imperador). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design (RBD), in a 2 x 9 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The first factor consisted of the cultivars and the second factor for the following N supply managements: MC: Control without inoculation and without top-dressing N fertilization; MRhz: Control inoculated with R. tropici and without top-dressing N fertilization; MRhz+Chl: Rhizobium tropici inoculation + 30 kg ha-1 of N when the N sufficiency index (NSI) determined using the portable chlorophyll meter is less than 90%; MRhz+Chl+Azo: Rhizobium tropici inoculation + 30 kg ha-1 of N when NSI < 90% + foliar application of Azospirillum brasilense (V4); MChl: 30 kg ha-1 of N when NSI < 90%; M45: 45 kg ha-1 of N in V4; M90: 90 kg ha-1 of N in V4; M135: 135 kg ha-1 of N in V4; MRef: 90 kg ha-1 of N in V3 + 90 kg ha-1 of N in V4. The chlorophyll index was monitored, and leaf N levels were evaluated throughout the cycle, shoot dry matter determination, yield components, yield and qualitative a... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Objetivos: Identificar fatores associados à percepção de suficiência de renda dos idosos do município de São Paulo, que relataram alguma vez ter trabalhado com remuneração e que possuíam renda. Métodos: A partir da entrevista com 2.143 idosos (60 anos e mais), em 2000, foram identificados 1.300 que não precisaram de ajuda para responder o questionário, com 13 pontos ou mais no MEEM (Mini Exame de Estado Mental), que exerceram algum tipo de trabalho remunerado, que tinham algum tipo de renda e que, esta coincidisse com a quantidade de fontes de renda informada. Utilizou-se na análise estatística o teste de associação para amostras complexas (Rao-Scott), análise univariada e multivariada de regressão logística, sendo construído através desta última o modelo final, ao nível de significância de 5 por cento . Resultados e discussão: Perceberam como suficiente sua renda, 31 por cento dos idosos. Aqueles com renda acima dos patamares analisados (per capita acima de ½ salário mínimo e renda total acima do mínimo necessário para atendimento das necessidades básicas) apresentaram maiores chances de percepção satisfatória. Independente da renda, os seguintes fatores estiveram associados com uma melhor percepção de suficiência de renda: ter trabalhado predominantemente em atividades não físicas, ter iniciado atividade laboral com 14 anos ou mais, possuir seguro/plano de saúde privado, ter duas ou mais fontes de renda, não ter passado por privação alimentar em seus primeiros 15 anos de vida, ter 70 anos ou mais, ter boa saúde e ser independente quanto à realização de atividades da vida diária. Conclusão: Situações herdadas, adquiridas ou impostas, assim como ações e decisões adotadas, durante o curso de vida, contribuíram para uma melhor percepção de suficiência de renda dos idosos / Objectives: Identify factors associated with perception of sufficiency of income the elderly in São Paulo, reported ever having worked with pay and had income. Methods: From interviews with 2,143 elderly (60 years and over) in 2000 identified 1,300 who needed no help in answering the questionnaire, with 13 or more points on the MMSE (Mini Mental State Examination), who work with pay, had some income and that this coincided with the amount of income sources informed. Was used in the statistical analysis of the association test for complex survey (Rao-Scott), univariate and multivariate logistic regression, using the latter in the construction the final model, at a significance level of 5 per cent . Results and discussion: Perceived their income as sufficient, 31 per cent of the old people. Those with income above the levels considered (up to ½ per capita wage and total income above the minimum required for basic needs) were more likely satisfactory perception. Regardless of income, the following factors were associated with a better perception of sufficiency of income, having worked predominantly in non-physical labor activity has started with 14 years or older, have insurance or private health plan, more than one source of income, not starve in its first 15 years of life, be 70 years or more, have good health and perform activities of daily living without any help. Conclusion: Situations existing, legacy situtations or conditions imposed, as well as actions and decisions made during the course of life, have contributed to a better perception of sufficiency of income the elderly