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Production of SO₂ and SO₂ binding compounds by Saccharomyces cerevisiae during the alcoholic fermentation and the impact on wine lactic acid bacteria /O'Neil, Allison L. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-116). Also available on the World Wide Web.
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In-situ surface science studies of the interaction between sulfur dioxide and two-dimensional palladium loaded-cerium/zirconium mixed metal oxide model catalystsRomano, Esteban Javier, January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mississippi State University. Dave C. Swalm School of Chemical Engineering. / Title from title screen. Includes bibliographical references.
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Numerical studies of the properties of low-level, warm stratiform clouds and precipitation and their interaction with aerosol particles and gaseous species /Zhang, Leiming. January 2005 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--York University, 2005. Graduate Programme in Earth and Space Science. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 181-196). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/yorku/fullcit?pNR11647
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An Analysis of the Impacts and Non-Attainment Risks of the Revised Sulfur Dioxide National Ambient Air Quality Standard on the Toledo Core Based Statistical Area Using the American Meteorological Society-Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory ModelJanuary 2011 (has links)
abstract: The Toledo Core Based Statistical Area (CBSA) presents an interesting case study for the new sulfur dioxide (SO2) one hour standard. Since no SO2 monitor within 75 miles to estimate the attainment status of the area, American Meteorological Society/Environmental Protection Agency Regulatory Model (AERMOD) was used in this study to predict potential problems associated with the newly revised standard. The Toledo CBSA is home to two oil refineries, a glass making industry, several coal fired lime kilns, and a sulfuric acid regeneration plant, The CBSA 3 has coal fired power plants within a 30 mile radius of its center. Additionally, Toledo is a major Great Lakes shipping port visited by both lake and ocean going vessels. As a transportation hub, the area is also traversed by several rail lines which feed four rail switching yards. Impacts of older generation freighters, or "steamers", utilizing high sulfur "Bunker C" fuel oil in the area is also an issue. With the unique challenges presented by an SO2 one hour standard, this study attempted to estimate potential problem areas in advance of any monitoring data being gathered. Based on the publicly available data as inputs, it appears that a significant risk of non-attainment may exist in the Toledo CBSA. However, future on-the-books controls and currently proposed regulatory actions appear to drive the risk below significance by 2015. Any designation as non-attainment should be self-correcting and without need for controls other than those used in these models. The outcomes of this screening study are intended for use as a basis for assessments for other mid-sized, industrial areas without SO2 monitors. The results may also be utilized by industries and planning groups within the Toledo CBSA to address potential issues in advance of monitoring system deployment to lower the risk of attaining long term or perpetual non-attainment status. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Technology 2011
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O Estudo do comportamento dos gases-traco Osub(3), NOx, CO, SOsub(2) e de COVs na atmosfera da cidade de Sao PauloPRETTO, ANGELICA 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Avaliação experimental da absorção de SO2 e estudo preliminar da absorção de NO em torre de nebulização / Experimental evaluation of SO2 absorption and preliminary study of NO absorption into a spray towerCodolo, Milene Costa 16 August 2018 (has links)
Orientador: Waldir Antônio Bizzo / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T12:36:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: Este trabalho apresenta uma avaliação experimental da absorção de SO2 e um estudo preliminar da absorção de NO em uma torre de nebulização. O estudo experimental de absorção de SO2 foi realizado com solução de NaOH em diferentes condições de operação, variando a vazão de solução, vazão de gás e bicos pulverizadores de pressão. Assim, foi possível avaliar a influencia do tempo de residência do gás, da relação L/G e dos bicos pulverizadores de pressão. Além disso, analisa a absorção de SO2 ao longo da coluna, retirando amostras do interior da torre. O estudo experimental de absorção de NO na torre de nebulização avalia o desempenho de uma torre projetada para absorção de SO2 na absorção de NO. Os ensaios de absorção de NO foram realizados em meio ácido com soluções de peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) e de peróxido de hidrogênio (H2O2) com sulfato ferroso (FeSO4), em diferentes condições de operação, a fim de avaliar a influência do tempo de residência do gás, da relação L/G, da concentração de peróxido de hidrogênio e da presença de sulfato ferroso na solução. Além do estudo experimental, este trabalho apresenta um estudo teórico da absorção de SO2, utilizando dados provenientes do estudo experimental. As simulações realizadas mostraram a importância do diâmetro de gota, a influência da vazão de gás e a evolução da velocidade e desaceleração das gotas ao longo da torre / Abstract: This work presents an experimental evaluation of SO2 absorption and a preliminary study of NO absorption into a spray tower. The experimental study of the absorption of SO2 was carried out with NaOH solution in different operation conditions, varying the liquid flow rate, the gas flow rate and pressure spray nozzles. Therefore, it was possible evaluate the influence of gás residence time, L/G ratio and pressure spray nozzles. Besides, it analyses the SO2 absorption along the column, taking samples from inside of the tower. The experimental study of NO absorption in the spray tower evaluates the performance of a designed tower for SO2 absorption in the NO absorption. The NO absorption tests were carried out in acid environment, with hydrogen peroxide solutions and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solutions with ferrous sulfate (FeSO4), in different operation conditions, in order to evaluate the influence of gas residence time, L/G ratio, hydrogen peroxide concentration and the presence of ferrous sulfate in the solution. Besides the experimental study, this work presents a theoretical study of SO2 absorption, using data from experimental study. The performed simulations showed the importance of the diameter of the droplet, the influence of gas flow rate and the evolution of velocity and deceleration of the droplets along the tower / Doutorado / Termica e Fluidos / Doutor em Engenharia Mecânica
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O Estudo do comportamento dos gases-traco Osub(3), NOx, CO, SOsub(2) e de COVs na atmosfera da cidade de Sao PauloPRETTO, ANGELICA 09 October 2014 (has links)
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Utilização de SO2 recuperado a partir de fosfogesso em plantas de ácido sulfúrico / Use of sulfur dioxide recovered from phosphogypsum in sulfuric acid plantsCampos, Kurts, 1982- 12 March 2013 (has links)
Orientador: Gustava Paim Valença / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Química / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T00:06:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
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Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Em parques industriais produtores de ácido fosfórico, um grande problema é a quantidade de rejeito gerado, o fosfogesso (gesso com impurezas de ácido fosfórico e sulfúrico). A estocagem deste material no meio ambiente resulta em problemas graves para a fauna e flora nos locais onde é depositado. Neste trabalho, a viabilidade técnica de uma alternativa para o problema de descarte deste subproduto é discutida a partir da recuperação do dióxido de enxofre (SO2) de fosfogesso para utilização em plantas de ácido sulfúrico. Algumas simulações de processo das plantas de ácido sulfúrico serão apresentadas, apontando alternativas industriais para utilização de SO2 recuperado / Abstract: In industrial parks that produce phosphoric acid, the major problem is the amount of waste generated: the phosphogypsum (gypsum with impurities such as phosphoric and sulfuric acid). The storage of this material in the environment results in serious problems for wildlife and flora in places where it is deposited. An alternative to the problem of disposal of this waste as well as its technical feasibility is discussed, recovering sulfur dioxide SO2 from phosphogypsum for use in sulfuric acid plants. In this work, some simulations of sulfuric acid operation were made and the proposal is presented, pointing out the best alternative for SO2 reuse from phosphogypsum / Mestrado / Engenharia de Processos / Mestre em Engenharia Química
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Viabilidade econômico-financeira da substituição do dióxido de enxofre pelo peróxido de hidrogênio na cadeia produtiva do açúcar / Economic and Financial Viability of Sulfite Replacement by Hydrogen Peroxide in Sugar Production ChainCecília Higa Gonzales Morilla 16 April 2015 (has links)
Do competitivo mercado de produção de açúcar demanda-se um produto detentor de maior qualidade e menor custo. A qualidade do açúcar relaciona-se com o estudo das propriedades físico-químicas da sacarose durante o processo de clarificação. Na produção de açúcar branco utiliza-se o dióxido de enxofre em operação unitária de clarificação. No entanto, o uso desse reagente encontra restrições na indústria alimentícia e nos sistemas agroindustriais, em consequência de suas emissões na atmosfera, assim como, de reações alergênicas possivelmente relacionadas à exposição de resíduos de dióxido de enxofre em alimentos, em indivíduos sensíveis. Tecnologias alternativas, como o uso de peróxido de hidrogênio e de ozônio têm sido propostas. Do uso do peróxido de hidrogênio, de acordo com a literatura consultada, tem-se a diminuição de viscosidade, em conjunto com o aumento de pureza do xarope, pela remoção de compostos não açúcares. Dessa forma, o peróxido de hidrogênio é um eficiente agente oxidante de moléculas produtoras de cor, levando-as a parcial ou total degradação, com destruição permanente de substâncias corantes. A aplicação de peróxido de hidrogênio, no tratamento do caldo de cana-de-açúcar, foi considerada, no presente estudo, em três cenários distintos - com peróxido de hidrogênio na proporção 0,6 gH2O2/kgcaldo, na proporção de 1 gH2O2/kgcaldo e na proporção de 5 gH2O2/kgcaldo em substituição ao dióxido de enxofre - utilizado em método corrente, nas usinas. O escopo deste estudo, pois, constitui a análise de viabilidade econômico-financeira do peróxido de hidrogênio como agente de redução de cor de caldo, em operação unitária de clarificação, em substituição total ao uso de dióxido de enxofre. De fato, foram considerados os valores de investimento da proposta com uso de peróxido de hidrogênio em relação à estrutura padrão, com os insumos relativos a cada situação, pois a adequação da etapa de clarificação pode ser utilizada em lugar da implantação de uma nova unidade produtiva. Os valores encontrados para a clarificação de açúcar, com uso de peróxido de hidrogênio em substituição à sulfitação, considerando a descrição operacional com ganhos técnicos e insumos necessários, foram maiores, pois o investimento imobilizado em equipamentos foi maior, assim como o preço dos insumos. Das situações consideradas, houve aumento de R$ 0,16/saca50kg açúcar, em relação ao peróxido de hidrogênio utilizado em proporção 0,6 gH2O2/kgcaldo; de R$ 0,30 /saca50kg açúcar, em relação ao peroxido de hidrogênio na proporção de 1 gH2O2/kgcaldo e R$ 1,66 / saca50kg açúcar, em relação ao peroxido de hidrogênio na proporção de 5 gH2O2/kgcaldo. Percebe-se, dessa forma, a possibilidade de substituição do reagente majoritariamente utilizado, pelo proposto; considerando, ainda, a parceria entre setores privado e público, em consequência de demanda da sociedade por produtos alimentícios isentos de resíduos de enxofre, e do repasse de custos não demasiadamente oneroso para as usinas açucareiras. Todavia, fatores outros, concernentes à qualidade do produto final, como a tendência de degradação de sacarose, as questões ambientais e de saúde pública, assim como os ganhos energéticos devem ser analisados. / The competitive market of sugar production demands a better product with higher quality and lower cost. Sugar quality involves the physical-chemical properties of sucrose during the clarifying process. In white sugar production, sulfur dioxide is used in the clarifying process. However, this reagent has restrictions in food industry and agribusiness systems due to, sulfur dioxide emissions to the atmosphere, as well as its potentially allergenic reactions, concerning exposure to sulfur dioxide residues in foods, in sensitive individuals. Alternative technologies, using hydrogen peroxide and ozone have been proposed. The use of hydrogen peroxide, according to literature, promotes viscosity reduction and syrup purity increase, through the removal of non-sugar compounds. Therefore, hydrogen peroxide is a powerful oxidizing agent that causes partial or total color molecules degradation, causing permanent destruction. The application of hydrogen peroxide, in sugarcane juice, considered in this study has three distinct situations: 0.6 gH2O2/kgsugarcane juice proportion, 1 gH2O2/kgsugarcane juice proportion and 5 gH2O2/kgsugarcane juice proportion, replacing sulfur dioxide - used in the current method. This study scope is the economic viability of hydrogen peroxide, replacing sulfur dioxide in clarifying operation. The investment values using hydrogen peroxide in relation to standard structure were considered rather than the implementation of a new production unit. The hydrogen peroxide values, in clarifying process were higher, considering operational description by technical profits and necessary inputs, because the investment in equipment and input prices were higher. There was an increase of R$ 0.16 bag 50kg sugar using 0.6 gH2O2/kgsyrup; R$ 0.30 /bag 50kg sugar when the proportion was 1 gH2O2/kgsyrup and R$ 1.66/ bag 50kg sugar when the proportion was 5 gH2O2/kgsyrup. Therefore, there is a great possibility of replacing the main reagent used as alternative, including the partnership between private and public sectors the society demands for food products free of sulfur residue presenting production costs less expensive for the sugar industry. However, other factors, related to final product quality, such as sucrose degradation tendency, environmental and public health issues, as well as the energy gains should be analized.
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Calcium Looping for Carbon Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide Co-capture from Sulfurous Flue GasHomsy, Sally Louis 12 1900 (has links)
Abstract: Global decarbonization requires addressing local challenges and advancing appropriate technologies. In this dissertation, an investigation of appropriate carbon capture technologies for CO2 capture from heavy fuel oil (HFO) fired power plants, common locally, is presented. Two emerging technologies are considered, chemical looping combustion (CLC) and calcium looping (CaL). In a preliminary study, CLC and CaL implementation at an HFO-fired power plant are modeled using Aspen software, and based on the results, CaL is selected for further experimental investigation. Briefly, CaL is a high temperature separation process that utilizes limestone-derived CaO tosimultaneously concentrate CO2 and capture SO2 from flue gas. The solid CaO particles are cycled between carbonation and calcination, CaO + CO2 ⇋ CaCO3, in a dual fluidized bed system and experience capture capacity decay with cycling.
Structurally distinct limestones were procured from the two geologic regions where limestone is mined in Saudi Arabia. Using bubbling fluidized bed reactor systems, the capture performance of these two limestones, and a German limestone of known performance, were compared. The combined and individual influence of flue gas H2O and SO2 content, the influence of textural changes caused by sequential
calcination/carbonation cycles, and the impact of CaSO4 accumulation on the sorbents’ capture performance were examined. It was discovered that metamorphosed limestone-derived sorbents exhibit atypical capture behavior: flue gas H2O negatively influences CO2 capture performance, while limited sulfation can positively influence CO2 capture. The morphological characteristics influencing sorbent capture behavior were examined using imaging and material characterization tools, and a detailed discussion is presented.
Saudi Arabian limestones’ deactivation rates were examined by thermogravimetric analysis. A quantitative correlation describing sulfation deactivation was developed. The validity of amending the conventional semi-empirical sorbent deactivation model with the novel correlation was supported by subsequent pilot scale (20 kWth) experiments. Solving process mass and energy balances, reasonable limits on operating parameters for CaL implementation at HFO-fired power plants were calculated. The influence of power plant configuration, carbonator design, and limestone source on power plant energy efficiency are considered and a discussion is presented. Finally a commentary on the potential of this technology for local implementation and required future work is presented.
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