This master thesis "Perspectives of an Art Institution" focuses on the George Dickie's institutional theory of art (thereafter IT). This theory defines "work of art" as a result of the position of an artefact in the institutional framework of the artworld. The author of the thesis pays attention to the historical development of the IT- firstly published in 1969 in the article "Defining Art" and radically revisited in the book The Art Circle in 1984- as well as to the critical discussion based on Dickie's theory. In the first chapter she compares both the earlier and the later version of the theory; in following chapters she concerns with objections formulated against Dickie's IT. IT seems to be problematic in several aspects: the term "institution" is considered to be ambiguous; Dickie fails to give a full description of roles and rules which determine the operations of the artworld; the notion of appreciation seems to be contradictory with Dickie's opinions presented earlier; circularity; and Dickie's unsatisfactory attention to the historical dimension of the artworld. All of these objections are compared with Dickie's theory to prove their legitimacy or to refuse them as illegitimate. Not only aims the thesis to sum up the critical discussion but it aims to answer the question if the theory...

MÍKOVÁ, Martina. Phenomenology of body and corporeality. Prague: Faculty of Education, Charles University in Prague, 2012, pp. 84 Master Degree Thesis. The aim of the master thesis deals with the phenomenology of a body and corporeality. This is mainly the analysis of the arguments to distnquish a body and soul based on the Descartes 'Meditations on the First Philosophy' and 'The Passions of the Soul'. The introduction to the Cartesian dualism, which is the introduction to the phenomenology of a body and corporeality, is followed by the analysis of key passages in 'Phenomenology of Perception' by the French phenomenologists M. Merleau-Ponty who accents the importance of human corporeality as the essential and determining condition of human being. The third section deals with the philosophy of movement because the world and a man are in relative motion, based on Patočka's texts 'Body, Community, Language, World'. The final chapter of the thesis is based on the issue of the game as a symbol of the world presented by Eugen Fink. Keywords: Descartes, perception, Pexis, body, corporeality, corporeal scheme, movement, game.

Jacques Joseph Scientific Realism and the Natural World M.A. thesis Abstract The main topic of this work is the relation between the natural world and the world of the natural sciences, and furthermore the relation of both these worlds to our conception of an external reality "as it really is". The core of the work is rooted mainly in the Anglo-American analytical philosophy of science, namely the debate concerning scientific realism, with a section dedicated to Husserl's conception of the relation between the natural world and natural sciences (as described in his Krisis). The goal of this work is to show scientific realism as broken beyond repair, and to then offer an alternative. The problems that plague realism run deep into its roots, many of which it shares with its opponents, the new alternative theory therefore needs to be completely different. This work suggests the "Natural ontological attitude" (NOA) presented by Arthur Fine, a theory that tries to salvage the intuitions that made realism seem so attractive. NOA is then developped, using texts by W. V. O. Quine and D. Davidson, as a minimalistic metaphysics based strongly on language that still manages to provide a relation to an extra-linguistic reality.

Diploma work Lived Space of Archaic Greece Eliška Luhanová (UFaR FF UK) tutor: Mgr. Sylva Fischerová, PhD. Abstract The diploma work Lived Space of Archaic Greece reconstructs the spatial structuration of the world in archaic Greece on the basis of a systematic reading of Hesiod's poems, mainly the Theogony. Nevertheless it takes into account also another texts which help to illuminate the archaic Greek thought, in particular the works of archaic poets and later dramatic texts, which preserve many of the archaic visions. In same cases the subsequent evolution of the subject is pointed out moreover, especially where the authors classified as first philosophers by the later tradition are concerned. The main contribution of the work lies in reconstruction of the cosmogonic process, based on the poetical account given by Hesiod. This process is interpreted as a successive constitution of the world order, which culminates by establishing Zeus as a world sovereign and at the same time as a successive constitution of the world as a differentiated spatial whole. This constitution thus proceeds in a form of differentiation, which means partly a mutual differentiation of the gradually emergent cosmical constituents, partly an intrinsic differentiation of the particular constituents of the cosmic structure. First...

Title: Level of Detail AI: a prototype of a large virtual world Author: David Skupien Department: Department of Software and Computer Science Education Supervisor: Mgr. Cyril Brom, Ph.D. Abstract: The Level Of Detail technique (LOD) is an established means of optimization in computer graphics. It uses the limitations of human perception to spare system resources. Progressively, this approach has found its use in artificial intelligence. This adaptation, commonly known as LOD AI, is used to optimize autonomous agent control in large virval worlds. This thesis consists of two parts. The first part deals with standing LOD AI uses, mostly focusing on the IVE project. The second part directly uses the IVE project to implement a LOD AI game using the LOD based reactive planning algorithm called S-GHRP over the ISMA representation. The above game is then tested on respondents to verify the practical usability of S-GHRP/ISMA. In its conclusion, this thesis briefly ponders the possibilities of further development of techniques used in the IVE project, based on previous findings. Keywords: artificial intelligence, LOD AI, virtual agent, large virtual world, IVE

The thesis focuses on J. K. Šlejhar's literary work from two points of view. The first part introduces Šlejhar's work in the contemporary literary context as a result of a synthesis of new literary styles. In the second part the thesis concentrates on a textual analysis and reconstruction of the author's "artistic world". The first part of the thesis gives insight into the contemporary discussions aimed at revising and redefining the function of art with respect to the new development in society and new human needs. The critical reception of realism and naturalism and the reflection of the then wide-spread adoption of new influences from foreign literatures are also dicussed. To draw a comparison, we quote both period and current studies dealing with J. K. Šlejhar's work. Thereby we want to demonstrate the changing requirements of literature and art and the changing perception of a literary work throughout time. The second part of the thesis comprises the textual analysis of Šlejhar's selected writings from the point of view of semiotic literary theory and the reconstruction of the author's "artistic world". Such approach enables us to draw comparisons to Russian literature of the 19th century, primarily with the works of N. V. Gogol and F. M. Dostoyevsky, and to discover a common basis for both...

The presented thesis focuses on the phenomenon of child narrator/protagonist in the role of the main actor and intermediary of fictional world in literature for adults. The first chapter is devoted mainly to the theoretical concept of narrator as a significant narratological category. The second chapter presents literature for children and youth in comparison to literature primarily intended for adult readers and looks for their mutual inspirations. Above all, the concept of children aspect is defined. In the practical part, the thesis aims for stylistic analysis, thematic interpretation and comparison of four narrative texts from Anglophone literature. These are The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison, Black Swan Green by David Mitchell, Pigeon English by Stephen Kelman and Cormac McCarthy's The Road. These texts, having a child narrator/protagonist in common, are not primarily intended to be read by children. I see this as a certain strategy of writers, which however fully functions only in such a case, when the authenticity of child narrator/protagonist is maintained. Thus, such elements which we could connect with the concept of children aspect are deliberately used there. My objective is therefore to link the concept of children aspect with a specifically defined literature for adults. I also inquire why child narrators/protagonists are used in literature for adults and what their functions are, how and to what extent can a child narrator/protagonist convey fictional world, what the children in the followed texts are like, how the perceive the world around them, how they impart to us what they see, think and feel, and what possibilities of description of the world through a child's eyes it offers to authors.

This master thesis deals with three topics in the theoretical part. The first part focuses on project method at primary school education; in the second part the goals and output competences of a pupil at primary education according to Framework training programme for primary schools can be found. Finally a chapter about creativity in the subject "practical activities" and introduction to history of food culture in last centuries concludes the theoretical part. In the practical part ten projects that focus on the food preparations and culture in the teaching are created. These are intended for the fourth and fifth classes of primary schools. A part of it are also preparations of the meals, experience from realisation of some projects, advantages and disadvantages, reactions of pupils or formulations of more general recommendations for the use of original educational projects.

The PhD thesis Seriality in Czech and Slovak Comics Narration. Genres - Models - Worlds intends to deepen our understanding of the historically most prevalent serial form (as in "form of organization") of comics' texts, which phenomenon is here described and further studied building upon the material base of the Czechoslovak comics of the 20th century. At the same time, this seriality is considered here as both the topic of research and its main analytical tool, since the thesis aims to advance our knowledge of history of local comics, as well as to propose seriality-related theoretical tools and concepts. On the historical and interpretative level, the Czechoslovak tradition of comics is conceptualized through its dominant publication-presentation types (comics being presented in the periodicals context) of episodic segments with their strictly limited space/page allowance, with focus on formats and models of periodicity, as well as on genre and composition related topics. Further chapters are dedicated to specific sub-categories of comics narratives (either format-based - comic strip, or genre-oriented - funny animal comics). These not only give an appropriate historical overview of the individual topics, but also serve as the prerequisites for consideration of general, arguably even...

The thesis discusses child subject and its world in selected works of Ludvík Aškenazy. The base literary source was the very oeuvre of the author. The first chapter is devoted to life of Ludvík Aškenazy, the second chapter gives an account of his works listed according to genre. The third to the sixth chapters are aiming for an interpretation built of the themes, the motives and the details significant for Ludvík Aškenazy?s work. The closing seventh chapter comprises several literary reviews that illustrate reception of Ludvík Aškenazy?s work at the time of its publishing, as deduced in the thesis?s conclusion.