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This study is about English borrowings and code-switching in advertisements in the two Swedish lifestyle magazines Amelia and King. The investigation shows that recent English borrowings were found in 41% of the advertisements in Amelia and in 10% of the advertisements in King. English intra-sentential code-switching appeared in 27% of the advertisements in Amelia but in only 8% in King. About half the advertisements in both magazines contained inter-sentential code-switching. Total code-switching was represented in one advertisement in Amelia and in eighteen in King. The two magazines differed a lot regarding the appearance of recent borrowings and code-switching in their different product categories and only shared the product category alcoholic beverages, which had the highest percentage of code-switching in both magazines. The main difference between Amelia and King was that in Amelia the amount of borrowings and code-switching was much higher than in King, but on the other hand Amelia only contained one advertisement exclusively in English, while in King they were eighteen. Another difference was that Swedish was more common in Amelia while English was more frequently used in King, both mixed with Swedish but also in advertisements where English was used entirely. / Den här undersökningen handlar om förekomsten av nya engelska låneord och kodväxling i reklamannonser i de två svenska livsstilstidningarna Amelia och King. Undersökningen visar att nya engelska låneord fanns i 41% av reklamannonserna i Amelia och i 10% av reklamannonserna i King. Engelsk intrasentinell kodväxling hittades i 27% av reklamannonserna i Amelia men bara i 8% av de i King. Ungefär hälften av reklamannonserna i båda tidningarna innehöll intersentinell kodväxling. Total kodväxling, dvs. annonser där all text var på engelska, förekom i en reklamannons i Amelia och arton i King. De två tidningarna skiljde sig mycket från varandra när det gällde antal engelska lånord och kodväxling i de produktkategorier som annonserades och hade bara en produktkategori gemensamt, alkoholhaltiga drycker, som hade högst andel i förekomst av kodväxling. Den största skillnaden mellan Amelia och King var att Amelia innehöll många fler låneord och kodväxlingar än King, samtidigt som Amelia innehöll endast en reklamannons som var helt på engelska medan King innehöll arton. En annan skillnad är att svenska var vanligare i Amelia medan engelska var vanligare i King, både blandad med svenska och i annonser med enbart engelska.

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This thesis examined several possible explanations for young bilingual children's code-mixing: the unitary language system (ULS) hypothesis, parental rates of code-mixing, parental discourse strategies in response to children's code-mixing, and children's language dominance. These explanations were examined in six French-English bilingual children, observed between the ages of 18 and 30 months. They were observed separately in interaction with each of their parents. The results showed that the ULS hypothesis cannot explain children's language use. Similarly, parental input could not explain children's code-mixing. In contrast, children's dominance was shown to be the best explanation of their code-mixing. It was suggested that bilingual children are particularly likely to code-mix when they do not know a translation equivalent. These results suggest that bilingual children's code-mixing is largely due to performance factors rather than underlying competence.

The power supply designers choose flyback topology due to its promising features of design simplicity, cost effectiveness and multiple outputs handling capability. The designed product based on flyback topology should be smaller in size, cost effective and energy efficient. Similarly, designers focus on reducing the circuit losses while operating at high frequencies that affect the converter efficiency and performance. Based on the above circumstances, an energy efficient open loop high frequency flyback converter is designed and operated in MHz frequency region using step down multilayer PCB planar transformer. The maximum efficiency of 84.75% is observed and maximum output power level reached is 22.8W. To overcome the switching losses, quasi-resonant soft switching technique is adopted and a high voltage CoolMOS power transistor is used.

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