Hållbarhet har de senaste årtiondena fått allt större betydelse på alla nivåer i samhället.Dagens kunder och intressenter ställer krav på att organisationer ska inkluderahållbarhet i sina processer i högre grad än tidigare. Systemsyn på en organisation samtfokus på ständiga förbättringar är centralt både inom hållbar utveckling ochkvalitetsutveckling men synergieffekter dem emellan är ett relativt nyttforskningsområde. Verksamhetsutvärdering enligt en excellencemodell där bådaperspektiven är integrerade är ett sätt att försöka nå framgång. Genom fallstudie av enutmärkelsemottagares kvalitetsutvecklingsresa söktes svar genom semistruktureradeintervjuer i kombination med dokumentanalys på hur kvalitetsutveckling kan stödjaorganisationer att ställa om mot en mer hållbar utveckling. Resultaten visar att fokuspå kultur och struktur i en organisation samt mjuka värderingar är en väg att gå för attuppnå synergieffekter mellan kvalitetsutveckling och hållbar utveckling. Det finnsstora möjligheter för en organisation som har väl etablerade systematiska arbetssättför kvalitetsutveckling att även tillämpa de arbetssätten för den hållbara utvecklingenoch på så sätt bidra till uppfyllande av Agenda 2030 / In recent decades, sustainability has become increasingly important at all levels ofsociety. Today's customers and stakeholders require organizations to includesustainability in their processes to a greater extent than before. System view of anorganization and focus on continuous improvement are central to both sustainabledevelopment and quality development, but synergy effects between them are arelatively new area of research. Business evaluation according to an excellency modelwhere both perspectives are integrated is a way of trying to achieve success. Throughcase study of an award recipient's quality development journey, answers were soughtby using semi-structured interviews in combination with document analysis on howquality development can support organizations to change towards a more sustainabledevelopment. The results show that the focus on culture and structure in anorganization and soft values is a way to go to achieve synergy effects between qualitydevelopment and sustainable development. There are great opportunities for anorganization that has well-established systematic working methods for qualitydevelopment to also apply the working methods for sustainable development and thuscontribute to meeting Agenda 2030. / <p>2019-06-27</p>

The purpose of the thesis is to investigate and analyze how three different actors linked to the urban transformation in the city of Kiruna, in this case LKAB, the Municipality of Kiruna and the County Administrative Board of Norrbotten, believe that the identity of a historical monument that is marked cultural heritage is affected by future relocation. The second part of the study is to investigate the impact the building might have on the city in the future. This study is based on the relocation of Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården. The study is based on a qualitative approach in which five informants from the three actors were interviewed. The interviews have been analyzed through thematic analysis, where a combination of theoretical thematic analysis and empirical thematic analysis was used.   The result shows that the new location of Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården is preferred to be in a suitable context close to other cultural buildings. All informants agree that accessibility is a fundamental element in, which a synergistic effect is an increase in visitor numbers. Since the greatest value around Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården is Hjalmar Lundbohm and his deeds, the identity can still be passed on even though the place is not the same. The informants agree that it is important with cultural references in a city so people have something to relate to. / Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka och analysera hur tre olika aktörer kopplade till samhällsomvandlingen i Kirunas centrala delar, i detta fall LKAB, Kiruna kommun samt Länsstyrelsen Norrbotten, anser hur identiteten kring ett byggnadsminnesmärkt kulturarv påverkas genom en framtida flytt. Vidare undersöks vilken inverkan byggnaden kan ha i den framtida staden. Uppsatsen har sin utgångspunkt kring en ny framtida placering av Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården.   Studien är baserad på en kvalitativ ansats där fem informanter från tre olika aktörer; LKAB, Kiruna kommun samt Länsstyrelsen Norrbotten har intervjuats. Intervjuerna har sedan analyserats genom tematisk analys, där en kombination av teoretisk tematisk analys och empirisk tematisk analys använts.   Resultatet av intervjuerna visar att Hjalmar Lundbohmsgårdens nya placering bör hamna i en lämplig kontext nära andra kulturbyggnader. Samtliga informanter är eniga om att tillgängligheten är en grundläggande faktor där en synergieffekt är ett ökat besökarantal. Det största kulturella värdet kring Hjalmar Lundbohmsgården är Hjalmar Lundbohm och hans gärningar, vilket gör att identiteten fortfarande kan vidareförmedlas trots att platsen inte är densamma. Informanterna är överens om att det är viktigt med kulturella referenser i en stad så människorna har något att förhålla sig till.

Potential synergy effects and conflicts, so-called interactions, between a climate action that aims to mitigate the climate impact and five targets of the Sustainable Development Goals are identified in this study. The climate action is Conscious material choices for the frame, and the materials assessed are climate improved concrete and domestic wood. Standard concrete is used as the business as usual scenario. A pre-school building is used as an example building to demonstrate the difference in the climate impact of a frame made from the two materials assessed in the study. Life cycle assessments (LCA) of the frames shows that the domestic wood frame has a lower climate impact than the climate improved concrete frame.Two methods are used in this study. The first method is making an LCA for transportation of the materials assessed to see the environmental impact, and there is one scenario for each material where the transportation method is by a truck and one that is by train. The second method used for the study is a goal interaction scoring-method from “A draft framework for understanding SDG interactions” by Nilsson et al. (2016) that gives the interactions a score based on specific criteria. The scores are visualised in a colour coordinated matrix. The interactions generate synergies if the sums of the scores in the matrix are positive and will likely help accomplish the target. If the sums of the scores in the matrix are negative, it indicates that there are conflicts that could endanger the possibilities to reach the target.LCA of the transport scenarios shows that when the transportation distance is long, the climate impact is lowest when transporting as much as possible of the materials by train. Transporting the domestic wood for the frame by train (for longer distances) has a lower climate impact than transporting the climate improved concrete. For shorter distances, there is not a significant difference between transportation by truck or by train. The climate improved concrete gets score 0, meaning that there are neither positive nor negative interactions for the chosen material for the frame. The domestic wood gets the score +8, which indicates that there are synergies. Both the climate improved concrete and the domestic wood should not interfere with the accomplishment of the Sustainable Development Goal’s targets. However, the domestic wood for the frame generates more synergies and by choosing the domestic wooden frame for a building using a train as a transportation of the material when possible has the lowest environmental impact of the assessed materials for the frame. / <p>2020-06-08</p>

Les travaux de recherche menés dans cette thèse de doctorat se sont focalisés sur la compréhension des interactions graphène-plasma dans le cas de l’exposition de graphène polycristallin à un plasma d’argon pouvant contenant du diborane (B2H6). Une attention particulière est portée sur la cinétique de génération de dommage dans un plasma d’argon pur. Ainsi dans le cas d’un plasma continu, l’absence de seuil en énergie pour la génération de dommage due à un bombardement ionique est mis en évidence. Ceci ne peut s’expliquer que par une gravure à deux étapes, facilitée par la densité ionique élevée caractéristique des plasmas inductifs opérés en mode H. La caractérisation Raman des échantillons exposés au plasma montre une large distribution sur la petite zone sondée. Afin de relier ces fluctuations à l’état initial du graphène, l’imagerie Raman (RIMA) est adaptée dans le but d’extraire des données quantitatives sur l’état du graphène et utilisée pour le reste des travaux. Par la suite, l’étude temporelle des plasmas pulsés en puissance permet de trouver des conditions opératoires avec une fluence ionique drastiquement diminuée. Les traitements subséquents combinés aux analyses RIMA ont permis de suivre l’évolution de l’état du graphène et de distinguer l’état des joints du graphène des domaines de croissance. Ainsi, pour la première fois, l’autoréparation des joints de grains dans un matériau 2D est mis en évidence expérimentalement. Cet effet, théorisé dans les matériaux 3D mais difficilement observé expérimentalement, était effectivement prédis dans le cas du graphène. De plus, un contrôle fin des conditions opératoires du plasma pulsé d’argon a permis d’extraire des paramètres plasmas dans lesquels les métastables d’argons puis les photons VUV émis par les états résonants de l’argon sont les principaux vecteurs d’énergie. Suivant la même méthodologie que précédemment, ces traitements ont mis en lumière les rôles respectifs des ions, des métastables et des photons VUV dans la transmission d’énergie du graphène. Enfin, l’introduction de 5% de diborane a pour conséquence une modification radicale des paramètres physique du plasma. L’exposition de graphène à ce graphène à ce plasma démontre l’intérêt de cette technique pour l’incorporation élevé de bore tout en minimisant la génération de dommages / The research realized in this PhD thesis focuses on the understanding of plasma-graphene interactions during exposure of polycrystalline graphene films to a low-pressure argon RF plasma containing diborane (B2H6). A particular attention is devoted to the kinetics driving the damage formation dynamics. In the case of a continuous, argon plasma, the absence of energy threshold for the production of ion-induced damage is demonstrated. This is explained by two-step etching, facilitated by the high number density of charged species in the H-mode of RF plasmas. Raman characterization of plasma-treated graphene films shows a wide distribution over the small area surveyed. In order to link these fluctuations to the initial state of graphene, Raman imaging (RIMA) is adapted to extract quantitative data on the state of graphene before and after plasma treatment. Subsequently, the temporal study of argon RF plasmas in the pulsed regime makes it possible to find operating conditions with a drastically reduced fluence of charged species compared to the continuous regime; in combination with RIMA studies, this allows temporally- and spatially-resolved investigations of plasma-graphene interactions. For the first time, a preferential self-healing of ion-irradiation damage at grain boundaries of graphene films is experimentally demonstrated. Moreover, by using several electrical and optical diagnostics of the argon plasma in the pulsed regime, it is possible to determine operating conditions in which either the ions, the metastables or the VUV photons emitted by the resonant states become the main energy vectors. From these experiments, the respective roles of each of these species in the physics of plasma-graphene interactions could be highlighted. Finally, the introduction of 5% of diborane into the argon plasma induces a radical modification of the physicochemical properties of the plasma. Exposure of graphene films to this highly reactive plasma reveals high boron incorporation with minimal ion and hydrogen damage.

The thesis deals with possibilities of an application of system dynamics methodics for an understanding and teaching the project management. A dynamic simulation model has been created for this purpose by using Vensim. A web simulator for the project management, which is based on the simulation model, has been created in the next part of the thesis. The benefit of the simulator over the model is its user- friendliness and its self-explanatory graphic interface, which makes it possible to use the simulation model for purposes of teaching and further reaserch in the field of project management. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)