In the Czech Republic occurred a change of lifestyle in recent decades, there was an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and even for preschool children. With these changes can be related as well as the increasing number of children with bad posture. The aim of this research was to analyze weight parameters, body composition, fat distribution and its effect on posture in preschool children. Another aim was compare different methods for calculating the amount of body fat and see if it show the same clinical validity. Furthemore, we compared the measurement of the abdominal circumference with waist circumference in absolute and in relative form, these parameters are often used interchangeably. They are usedto detect fat distribution and estimate the amount of body fat. To determine the distribution of fat is also used centrality indices, which we also compared with abdominal and waist circumference. Our aim was also to evaluate the clinical validity in determining the type of fat distribution. The study included 208 children (101 boys, 107 girls) aged three to six years, most of Prague and its surroundings. Comparing the SDS BMI and weight - height ratio showed a statistically significant difference between the set 2013 and standard. The difference in the values of BMI (p = 0,0006)...

Keeping a balanced state in terms of liquids in an organism, especially evaporative water loss regulation, is essential for all terrestial animals, including reptiles. Respiratory water loss and cutaneous water loss account for the highest percentage of total water loss. For this reason, the degree of evaporative water loss in reptiles can be primarily influenced by body dimensions, metabolism intensity and morphology of body surface scales. This thesis focuses on water loss through evaporation in Madagascan Paroedura geckos. The Paroedura are suitable for this research because they represent a monophyletic genus with a strongly supported hypothesis about phylogenetic relationships. The thesis adds some facts to this theory. At the same time, individual Paroedura species differ in body dimensions and habitat preference. The aim of the thesis was to find out whether individual representatives of Paroedura differ in TEWL, to specify the characteristics of the ancestral state of TEWL in this genus and to test which morphological and physiological factors influence TEWL. Further aim was to measure cutaneous water loss. Measuring was carried out by flow- through respirometry. The results show that individual representatives of Paroedura differ remarkably in TEWL figures. The reconstruction of the...

Title: Dependence of the air consumption and the position of the body on the selected method of diving kick and swimming speed Objectives: The goal of this work is to find out the relationship between the diver's swimming speed and the air consumption while using two different methods of diving kicks - flutter and frog kick. At the same time, assess the dependence of the position of the body and head on the swimming speed and method of diving kicks. Methods: In this work was used method of collecting data in real conditions by measuring devices and statistical evaluation of collected data. Results: The results are presented by graphs both in the text of this work and in attachment for its large size. The results of all probands are presented in summary graphs and for selected values the degree of association is calculated in tables using the Pearson correlation coefficient. The main result is the confirmation of the reduction of the deviation from the horizontal position when comparing the slow and higher swimming speeds of both flutter and frog kick. The most effective way for a diver to overcome 50 meters below the water surface was determined to be a flutter kick at medium speed (average 0,37 m/s). Keywords: scuba diving, body position, head position, air consumption, speed of swimming, flutter...

Diploma thesis "Yoga as a tool for the conscious body from the perspective of the phenomenological concept of corporeality" deals with corporeality, the phenomenology of the body and yoga as a tool for finding the harmony of the conscious body. The introduction of the thesis explains the importance of this topic from the perspective of the society-wide concept and also explains the motivation of the author to its processing. The historical background dealing with the Cartesian conception of the body based on Descartes' dualism was described in the theoretical part. The next chapter in the theoretical part was devoted to the comparison of concepts from Cartesian and yoga meditation, and description of the phenomenology of corporeality in Merleau-Ponty. The chapters dealing with the issue of increasing psychic tension in children and youth and the resulting need to deal with the care of the soul were emphasized. The importance of yoga as a meaning of restoring stability was explained in a separate chapter. Individual types of asanas and their effect on the human body were described there as well. The effects of yoga on health in selected research publications were discussed in the practical part along with foreign researches by contemporary scientists and researchers from the ranks of psychologists,...

The diploma thesis deals the problematics of weight reduction with the using of bariatric- metabolic surgery and focuses on the changing risk components of the metabolic syndrome during one year long observation of 45 probands who have undergone Partial Jejuno-Ileal Diversion, Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy or Laparoscopic Gastric Plication. The main aim of the diploma thesis is to evaluate the changing risk components of the metabolic syndrome during weight reduction after undergoing bariatric surgery. The thesis shows that in the studied sample of bariatric patients it is an effective method of weight reduction (in PJID the success rate was 48 % EWL, in LGCP 51 % EWL and the most successful was LSG with 76 % EWL) with metabolic effect such as for example observed positive changes in risk components of the metabolic syndrome - reduction of morning glucose levels, increase of HDL cholesterol and decrease of triacylglycerols in the blood, decrease of waist circumferences and decrease of blood pressure or elimination of metabolic syndrome. Up to 68.9 % of the monitored probands showed signs of metabolic syndrome when evaluating the initial measurement before bariatric surgery, the remaining 22.2 % of the probands showed the signs after the year's observation. As part of the risk assessment for the...

This diploma thesis focuses on two conditions that typically occure in childhood - poor posture and developmental coordination disorder. The theoretical part summarizes recent information on these diseases focusing on their etiology, prevalence, prognosis, methods of assessment, diagnosis and treatment. The main aim of the practical part was to evaluate the motor control of treated children with poor posture in comparison with children from the general population. The research group (13 children, mean age 9.85 years) and control group (16 children, mean age 9.94 years) were assessed using Movement Assessment Battery for Children 2. We found no significant difference between motor skills of treated children with poor posture and motor skills of children representing the general population. We also analysed whether treated children with poor posture reported less physical activity compared with the general population. By gathering data from questionnaires (completed by parents of tested children), no statistically significant difference was found. The difference was neither detected in test of posture and postural functions, where we investigated how poor posture of treated children can influence the results of the test. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

Title: Evaluation of body composition analysis using anthropometric measurements and methods based on bioimpedance Aims: The main goal of this study is to analyze correlations of the data from bioimpedance with direct anthropometric measurements using statistical data analysis taking into consideration that the latter data is recognized as a gold standard. Methods: The sample of 42 men and 20 women was evaluated using standard anthropometric techniques. In addition, the dimensions, which are necessary to establish the weight of segments in upper and lower arms. The obtained data was firstly evaluated using a universal software ANTROPO. The both samples were concurrently investigated using the bioimpedance methods and the relationships between the aforementioned data and data from InBody was evaluated by three independent statistical methods such as substantive significance (Cohen's d), two-parameter linear regression and robust Passing- Bablok regression. Results: The results obtained enable to conclude that (with the exception of body height and BMI) the remaining parameters do not sufficiently correlate when using anthropometric measurements and data from InBody. As the relatively low number of participants may result in certain misrepresentation of the results, particularly in women, the...

The diploma work is dealing with an influence of postural muscles on preschool children singing expression as weel as on connection between a posture and a breathe. The aim of this diploma work is not just a clarification of this issue, but primaliry it is an aspiration of creating a methodology of exercises, which leads to an improvement of children`s singing. Experimental part of this diploma work is concerned with a verification of created methodology on constant group of preschool children. An audio CD with records of children singing expressions, which confirms reached verdicts, is included.

The work deals with the analysis of selected anthropomotorics indicators members of the military unit of the Castle Guard. These indicators are: skin thickness measured at four part in the body posture and the level of performance in the annual examination of physical training. Is complemented by a survey, investigating the relationship of soldiers to physical activity. The theoretical part describes the military department of the Castle Guard, measurement of skin fold thickness, posture assessment, but also the structure and content of the physical training of the Army of the Czech Republic. The practical part contains a methodical workflow and finally analyzes the data Based on the analysis results we developed recommendations for managers concerning the components of physical performance which should be focused on in the training lessons. The results show that most of the soldiers are in the normal range (average) values of subcutaneous fat. Nevertheless, more than 10% of soldiers were found above- average amount of fat in the subcutaneous layer. Posture has almost 90% of the tested men was good, but the horizontal axis misalignment arms was confirmed in 78% of tested men. Changes in assessment disciplines annual examination of physical training in 2011 may also be the cause of the distribution...

Title Outdoor excercising - muscle imbalance reduction instrument Summary This thesis main topic is pre-school children muscle imbalance problems. Theoretical part deals with importace of execercising for pre-school children and postural functions together with respiratory systems using the Matthias test are pointed out in theoretical part. Next part deals with a mapping of possible physical activities which can help to eliminate muscle imbalances. The main topic of practical part is children appliance physical system and bellows vital capacity analysis. In next part is evaluated muscle imbalances caused by outdoor games and activities and children respiratory system. Then is mentioned influence of outdoor exercising regarding to indoor activites in nursery schools. There is also mentioned possible influence of outdoor activities outside of nursery schools on pre-school childern optimal posture. The main goal of this thesis is to find out if movement activities and outdoor excercising influence posture positively and prevent muscle imbalance of pre-school childern. Key words Muscle imbalance, pre-school, correct and faulty posture, Matthias test, outdoor exercising, indoor activities in nursery school.